延津沙地葡萄园品种换优与苗木综合扩繁技术

采用硬枝嫁接、绿枝嫁接、绿枝压条、硬枝扦插技术实现了沙地劣质葡萄园的换优建园和优质苗木的快速繁育。     

A numerical model study on multi-species harmful algal blooms coupled with background ecological fields

Based on systematized physical, chemical, and biological modules, a multi-species harmful algal bloom （HAB） model coupled with background ecological fields was established. This model schematically embod-ied that HAB causative algal species and the background ecological system, quantified as total biomass, were significantly different in terms of the chemical and biological processes during a HAB while the inter-action between the two was present. The model also included a competition and interaction mechanism between the HAB algal species or populations. The Droop equation was optimized by considering tempera-ture, salinity, and suspended material impact factors in the parameterization of algal growth rate with the nutrient threshold. Two HAB processes in the springs of 2004 and 2005 were simulated using this model. Both simulation results showed consistent trends with corresponding HAB processes observed in the East China Sea, which indicated the rationality of the model. This study made certain progress in modeling HABs, which has great application potential for HAB diagnosis, prediction, and prevention.     

玛纳斯碧玉的宝石学研究

采用薄片观察、电子探针、红外光谱等测试手段,对玛纳斯碧玉的各品种进行了矿物学、宝石学、谱学特征和化学成分的研究。结果显示,玛纳斯碧玉的主要矿物组成为透闪石-阳起石,其中翠绿色点状物"翠花"是由于早期阳起石而形成。玛纳斯碧玉的物质组成特征显示其为超基性岩蚀变而成。     

水产养殖环境常见四环素类抗生素抗性基因tet（M）的演化及传播的初步分析

利用分子系统学方法分析了20 条水产养殖环境中常见的四环素抗性tet（M）基因的序列特点、多态性及系统发育, 并对其细菌寄主分类、环境介质来源作相关性分析。结果表明, 20 条基因序列有4种单倍型, 其中tet（M）-b 和d 是两种远缘基因型, 而a 和c 则是二者之间的序列变异。系统发育树分成三大分支, tet（M...     

华北平原7种人工牧草不同气候条件下的耗水规律

本文主要目的是研究华北平原不同气候条件下7种人工牧草的耗水规律。试验于2005-2009年在中国科学院禹城综合试验站进行,牧草品种有一年生牧草黑麦（Secale cereale L.）、小黑麦（× Triticosecale Wittmack）、高丹草（Sorghum biolor × Sorghum Sudanense c.v.）、青饲玉米（Zea mays L.）和籽粒苋（Amaranthus paniculatus L.）,多年生牧草苜蓿（Medicago sativa L.） 和串叶松香草（Silphium perfoliatum L.）。结果显示,苜蓿的Kc值为1.08,其他牧草在0.79-0.94。不同气候条件下的Kc值大小规律为,越年生牧草：湿润〉干旱〉平常;一年生牧草：干旱〉平常〉湿润;多年生牧草：平常〉干旱〉湿润。本文建议青饲玉米和高丹草为夏季播牧草的优选牧草,籽粒苋对气候变化最敏感,干旱和平常季节会减产一半以上。黑麦和小黑麦蒸是冬闲田种植的优选牧草,小黑麦因为耗水量较小,优于黑麦。苜蓿在干旱季节的表现优于串叶松香草,但当降雨达592.9mm以上反而会引起减产。该研究的结果能为牧草在华北平原的种植布局提供科学依据。     

A Comparative Study of Genetic Variation between Chinese Mitten Crab Eriocheir Sinensis and Hepu Mitten Crab E. Hepuensis

Horizontal starch gel electrophoresis was used to investigate the biochemical genetic structure of Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis and Hepu mitten crab E. hepuensis. Sixteen putative enzyme-coding loci were examined for forty-nine Chinese mitten crabs and thirty-eight Hepu mitten crabs. Nine loci, AAT-1^*, AAT-2^*, G3PDH^*, GPI^*, IDHP.1^*, IDHP-2^*,MDH-1^*, MDH-2^* and PGM^*, are polymorphic in Chinese mitten crab, and seven, AAT-1^*, AAT-2^*, GPI^*, IDHP-1^*, MDH-1^*, MDH-2 ^* and PGM^*, are polymorphic in Hepu mitten crab. The proportion of polymorphic loci and the expected heterozygosity are 0.5625 and 0.0803 for Chinese mitten crab, and 0.4375 and 0.0754 for Hepu mitten crab. The Nei‘ s genetic distance between two species is 0.0024.     

甘蔗“新台糖10号”农艺性状试验

以“粤糖６３／２３７”为对照品种进行新植，宿根共３年的对比试验，结果表明“新台糖１０号”的新植，宿根的蔗茎产量及蔗糖份均高于对照品种，“新台糖１０号”是适合遂溪县蔗区种植的早熟，高产，高糖以及宿根性好的甘蔗品种。     

氟苯尼考对太平洋牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas)早期发育的影响

氟苯尼考作为氯霉素的替代物,理化性质稳定,在水产养殖业中被广泛使用,致使其在多种水体环境中大量残留。本研究分析了氟苯尼考(0.1、1.0和10 mg/L)对牡蛎幼虫的生长发育、运动能力、免疫抗性的影响。结果表明,氟苯尼考暴露24 h后,随着暴露浓度的增加,牡蛎幼虫的存活量呈升高趋势,而幼虫壳高和壳宽显著降低;氟苯尼考暴露不会引起牡蛎幼虫移动速度的变化,1 mg/L氟苯尼考暴露后,牡蛎幼虫移动距离呈显著性增加(P<0.05)。氟苯尼考暴露浓度、牡蛎幼虫存活量及水体细菌总数之间呈显著性相关,但水体细菌总数的变化并不是造成牡蛎幼虫发育、生长状态不同的主要原因。牡蛎幼虫在不同浓度氟苯尼考的暴露下,ILPR、Cg-Tyr和Ferritin等生长发育相关基因的表达受到影响,进而影响其生长发育、运动能力。另一方面,高浓度氟苯尼考的暴露,引起牡蛎幼虫HSP70和Cg-Tal基因相对表达量上调,积极地参与抵抗氟苯尼考暴露引起的应激反应。养殖水环境中抗生素残留可能会影响水生动物早期发育阶段的生长发育及免疫抗性,需提高对养殖水体中抗生素残留危害的认识及监测,进一步加强养殖水体水质的净化。