中国对虾镰刀菌病的细胞病理研究

本文报导中国对虾养成期病原体茄类镰刀菌Fusarium solani(Mart)的细微结构及其引起宿主的细胞病理变化,以便为该病的正确诊断和有效防治提供依据。     

Seasonal Variations in Phytoplankton Community Structure in the Sanggou,Ailian, and Lidao Bays

The seasonal variations in phytoplankton community structure were investigated for the Sanggou Bay （SGB） and the adjacent Ailian Bay （ALB） and Lidao Bay （LDB） in Shandong Peninsula,eastern China.The species composition and cell abundance of phytoplankton in the bay waters in spring （April 2011）,summer （August 2011）,autumn （October 2011）,and winter （January 2012） were examined using the Uterm6hl method.A total of 80 taxa of phytoplankton that belong to 39 genera of 3 phyla were identified.These included 64 species of 30 genera in the Phylum Bacillariophyta,13 species of 8 genera in the Phylum Dinophyta,and 3 species of 1 genus in the Phylum Chrysophyta.During the four seasons,the number of phytoplankton species （43） was the highest in spring,followed by summer and autumn （40）,and the lowest number ofphytoplankton species （35） was found in winter.Diatoms,especially Paralia sulcata （Ehrenberg） Cleve and Coscinodiscus oculus-iridis Ehrenberg,were predominant in the phytoplankton community throughout the study period,whereas the dominance of dinoflagellate appeared in summer only.The maximum cell abundance of phytoplankton was detected in summer （average 8.08 × 103 cells L-1） whereas their minimum abundance was found in autumn （average 2.60 x 103 cellsL-1）.The phytoplankton abundance was generally higher in the outer bay than in the inner bay in spring and autumn.In summer,the phytoplankton cells were mainly concentrated in the south of inner SGB,with peak abundance observed along the western coast.In winter,the distribution of phytoplankton cells showed 3 patches,with peak abundance along the western coast as well.On seasonal average,the Shannon-Wiener diversity indices of phytoplankton community ranged from 1.17 to 1.78 （autumn 〉 summer 〉 spring 〉 winter）,and the Pielou＇s evenness indices of phytoplankton ranged from 0.45 to 0.65 （autumn 〉 spring 〉 summer〉 winter）.According to the results of canonical correspondence analysis,phosphate level w     

湘南石牛寨玻璃用脉石英矿(南矿段)地质特征及成因浅析

湘南石牛寨矿区位于彭公庙岩体中,控矿构造为炎陵—宜章断裂带(F47)的平行次级断裂,两侧围岩为加里东期黑云母二长花岗岩,具有较好的脉石英矿成矿条件。该矿区(南矿段)矿石质量好,SiO₂质量分数为95.76%～96.90%,平均质量分数为96.36%;Al₂O₃质量分数为1.79%～2.50%,平均质量分数为2.03%;Fe₂O₃质量分数为0.26%～0.29%,平均质量分数为0.27%;Cr₂O₃、TiO₂等有害组分质量分数较低。矿石中的铁主要赋存于赤褐铁矿中,矿床类型属富硅热液充填型。     

阳光红外线也会伤皮肤

德国研究人员发现，不仅阳光中的紫外线会损害皮肤，一直以来被视为无害的红外线也会伤及皮肤。据报道，德国研究人员从分子水平上研究了红外线对皮肤产生的作用。结果显示，红外线能使细胞内产生多种反应，并在这个过程中形成所谓的“自由基”。这些自由基会攻击皮肤中的其他细胞成分，进而使皮肤结缔组织遭到破坏，导致皱纹增加。     

孔鳐胰脏单层细胞的制备和外源基因的表达

采用机械法、酶消化法和灌注冷消化结合机械法对孔鳐胰脏细胞进行分散,并以台盼蓝染色法测定活细胞率,评价细胞分散后的生长状态.在细胞分散后对孔鳐胰脏细胞用腺病毒载体和阳离子多聚物进行外源基因的转染.实验结果表明,灌注冷消化结合机械法可以获得较高的活细胞率,胰脏细胞可以正常生长并表达外源基因.     

Development and characterization of a cell line from the embryos of half smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis)

A new cell line,CSEC,has been successfully established from embryos at gastrula stage of a cultured marine fish,half smooth tongue sole(Cynoglossus semilaevis).CSEC cells grow actively and stably more than 50 passages for over 200 d in DMEM medium supplemented with 15% FBS(fetal bovine serum),2.5 ng/cm 3 bFGF(basic fibroblast growth factor),1 ng/cm 3 LIF(leukemia inhibitory factor) and 50 mmol/dm 3 2-ME(2-mecaptoethanol).The cells grew well in the temperature range of 24-30 ℃ and the optimal growth temperature was 24℃.FBS and bFGF concentrations are the two key components for CSEC cells proliferation.Chromosome analysis reveals that CSEC cells have a normal diploid karyotype with 2n=42t.The significant fluorescent signals were observed in CSEC after transfection with the GFP reporter gene,suggesting that the CSEC cell line can be used as a useful tool for transgenic and genetic manipulation studies.CSEC cells showed the cytopathic effect(CPE) after infection with lymphosystis disease virus(LCDV) in 2 d.Moreover,the LCDV particles can be observed in the cytoplasm of virus-infected cells by electron microscopy.It suggests that CSEC could be potentially used for the study of aquatic virus.     

科技看点

<正>考古Archaeology西域神秘木乃伊可能来自欧洲考古学家通过DNA分析,揭示出西藏北部沙漠区域所发现木乃伊的神秘来源中国考古学家在西藏北部靠近新疆的沙漠区域发掘出一个不同寻常的墓地,墓主人死于4000年前。由于沙漠地区极其特殊的干燥环境条件,墓主人的尸体保存极为完好,并且已经被风干成为常常被人们冠以传奇色彩的木乃伊。