秋野

夏天沉重的云彩走了,灰气还没来,天蓝得人想用舌头舔。大雁朝南飞,叫着,一丸一丸圆而凉的叫声,抛撒在秋天的大地上,有点儿凄凉。田野里没什么了,莜麦快割完了,还有就是胡麻。我跟着舅舅到邻村的油坊去打葫油,打了葫油烙月饼。路过胡麻地,胡麻地里,小路蛇一样跟在身后蜿蜒。     

Water discharge variability of Changjiang （Yangtze） and Huanghe （Yellow） Rivers and its response to climatic changes

Influences of large-scale climatic phenomena, such as the E1Nifio/La Nifia-Southem Oscillation （ENSO） and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation （PDO）, on the temporal variations of the annual water discharge at the Lijin station in the Huanghe （Yellow） River and at the Datong station in the Changjiang （Yangtze） River were examined. Using the empirical mode decomposition-maximum entropy spectral analysis （EMD- MESA） method, the 2- to 3-year, 8- to 14-year, and 23-year cyclical variations of the annual water discharge at the two stations were discovered. Based on the analysis results, the hydrological time series on the inter- annual to interdecadal scales were constructed. The results indicate that from 1950 to 2011, a significant downward trend occurred in the natural annual water discharge in Huanghe River. However, the changes in water discharge in Changjiang River basin exhibited a slightly upward trend. It indicated that the changes in the river discharge in the Huanghe basin were driven primarily by precipitation. Other factors, such as the precipitation over the Changjiang River tributaries, ice melt and evaporation contributed much more to the increase in the Changjiang River basin. Especially, the impacts of the inter-annual and inter-decadal climate oscillations such as ENSO and PDO could change the long-term patterns of precipitation over the basins of the two major rivers. Generally, low amounts of basin-wide precipitation on interannual to interdecadal scales over the two rivers corresponded to most of the warm ENSO events and the warm phases of the PDO, and vice versa. The positive phases of the PDO and ENSO could lead to reduced precipitation and consequently affect the long-term scale water discharges at the two rivers.     

土地执法应在实践中探寻出路

正提起"国土资源执法难"这个话题,人人都会说难。即便是干了几十年的"老执法",也常常是一声叹息。究其根源,既有制度、体制不健全的原因,也有执法不严、查处不力的原因。但笔者认为,未能在萌芽状态制止违法占地行为是导致土地执法难的重要原因。众所周知,一旦问题出现,就应该早发现、早制止。否则,时间拖长了将一发不可收拾。同样,土地执法亦如此。违法占地行为发现得越迟,查处难度就会越大,给违法者和政府带来的损失就会越大。因此,土地违法必须早发现、早制止、早查处,这不仅可以减少那些违法占地者的损失,还能将违法占地制止在萌芽状态。     

起名之祸

正1966年至1976年十年之久的"文化大革命",斗争和批判成为了当时的家常便饭。那时候什么事情都"上纲上线",动辄得咎,人人自危。甚至连我们兄弟三个起的乳名也成为被批斗的把柄。孩子起名,特别是男孩儿,向来是家庭的大事,总是慎之又慎,而且又往往请自己的爷爷给起,以表达重视程度。我家上两代都是长工,一贫如洗,但爷爷在亲戚的帮助下,幼年曾读过两年私塾。他亲身经历了新旧社会的两重天,对党和国家充满着深厚感情。     

南黄海沿岸滩涂文蛤中痕量硒的周年变化探讨

采用4︰1混合酸湿法消解,氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法(HG-AFS)测定了南黄海沿岸滩涂文蛤生物体中微量元素硒的周年变化,并用质控样和加标回收保证结果的可靠性。结果显示:硒的周年含量为0.2~0.5 mg/kg,平均值为0.330 mg/kg,文蛤体内硒的含量呈一定规律性变化,春、秋季高,夏、冬季低。说明文蛤中硒含量因不同季节而具有明显差异,其含量变化与海水温度、饵料生物及文蛤生长繁殖等因素有关。     

Chinese Contribution to CMIP5：An Overview of Five Chinese Models’Performances

An overview of Chinese contribution to Coupled Model Intercomparison Project-Phase 5 （CMIP5） is presented. The performances of five Chinese Climate/Earth System Models that participated in the CMIP5 pro ject are assessed in the context of climate mean states, seasonal cycle, intraseasonal oscillation, interan-nual variability, interdecadal variability, global monsoon, Asian-Australian monsoon, 20th-century historical climate simulation, climate change pro jection, and climate sensitivity. Both the strengths and weaknesses of the models are evaluated. The models generally show reasonable performances in simulating sea surface tem-perature （SST） mean state, seasonal cycle, spatial patterns of Madden-Julian oscillation （MJO） amplitude and tropical cyclone Genesis Potential Index （GPI）, global monsoon precipitation pattern, El Ni-no-Southern Oscillation （ENSO）, and Pacific Decadal Oscillation （PDO） related SST anomalies. However, the perfor-mances of the models in simulating the time periods, amplitude, and phase locking of ENSO, PDO time periods, GPI magnitude, MJO propagation, magnitude of SST seasonal cycle, northwestern Pacific mon-soon and North American monsoon domains, as well as the skill of large-scale Asian monsoon precipitation need to be improved. The model performances in simulating the time evolution and spatial pattern of the 20th-century global warming and the future change under representative concentration pathways pro jection are compared to the multimodel ensemble of CMIP5 models. The model discrepancies in terms of climate sensitivity are also discussed.     

枣庄市十里泉电厂第三水源地地下水位年变幅灰色预测

该文依据往年地下水位监测数据,通过灰色系统理论的预测模型,对枣庄十里泉电厂地下水位年变幅做出预测,分析了岩溶塌陷发展趋势,为由水动力因素引起的岩溶塌陷地质灾害提供防治依据。     

美韩联合研究证实了水气对全球变暖的放大效应

正2014年7月28日,《美国国家科学院院刊》(PNAS)在线发表题为《对流层上部变湿润对人为变暖的响应》(Upper Tropospheric Moistening in response to Anthropogenic Warming)的文章,证实对流层上部水气水平的增加将会加剧未来几十年的气候变化影响。该项新研究首次表明,大气中水气浓度的增加是人类活动的     

反常折射引起的地面天文观测残差的周年变化

我国光学天文观测有相当长历史，观测精度也较高，但是与国际系统相比。无论是测时还是测纬，所有仪器残差都有类似的周年变化，本文作者认为部分原因是由于我国季节变化引起的大气等密度层倾斜，从而产生的反常折射所引起的，文中对反常折射的规律进行了研究，导出了由于气象参数变化而引起的反常折射公式，并与测时，测纬的残差周年项进行了对比，结果表明用反常折射可以部分地解释我国天文观测残差的周年变化。     

国家能源局反腐:倒查十年问题线索

正7月14日,国家能源局下属《中国电力报》刊文,公布了4月以来能源局内部整改和廉政建设的诸多细节。该文称,能源局局长吴新雄去年6月上任后多次表示,要树立"不抓党风廉政建设就是严重失职"的观念,并强调"新官要理旧账"。秉承这一思路,近几个月以来,国家能源局将原国家电监会成立10年来和原国家能源局成立5年来的问题线索进行起底梳理,分类提出处理意见。对调查核实的案件,依纪依法进行分类审理,情节严重的,移交司法机关查处。目前,全局已立案4起,查处2起。