利用局部动态最优Delaunay三角网改进逐点内插算法

针对传统的基于Delaunay三角网的逐点内插算法难以同时兼顾精度和效率的问题,依据Voronoi单胞和Delaunay三角形的几何特性,提出了一种基于局部动态最优Delaunay三角网的逐点内插算法,并在格网数字水深模型(grid digital depth model,Grid-DDM)中进行应用。实验结果表明,该改进算法能保证插值精度并明显提高执行效率。     

P-SV波斜入射时成层半空间自由场的时域算法

刘晶波和王艳提出了一种弹性水平成层半空间中平面P-SV波斜入射时平面内自由波场时域计算的一维化有限元方法,该方法采用黏性人工边界条件近似地模拟下部基岩半空间的辐射阻尼,可导致平面P-SV波以大角度入射时自由场计算精度降低.本文提出一种精确模拟基岩半空间辐射阻尼的人工边界条件.由于基岩半空间中外行波是传播方向已知的平面P波和SV波,利用弹性介质的应力-位移本构关系建立了人工边界处应力与速度的阻抗边界条件;采用该人工边界条件替代黏性边界条件,改进了P-SV波斜入射时成层半空间自由场的时域算法.数值试验表明,与采用黏性边界条件的自由场算法相比,改进方法具有更高的计算精度,其计算结果与理论解吻合更好.     

中国大陆外向型加工制造活动的区位选择与布局优化

以产品内分工条件下加工制造活动的区位因子分析为基础,结合各省区加工贸易发展的相关数据,研究中国外向型加工制造活动区位选择的基本规律。研究表明,要素禀赋和交易成本节约的综合优势才是决定外向型加工制造活动区位的关键因素,也是中国加工贸易在东部沿海地区率先发展的原因。随着中国全方位对外开放格局的形成和基础设施条件的改善,中西部地区的交易成本正在迅速下降,这为加工制造活动向内陆地区的转移创造了条件。在此背景下,东部沿海地区迫切需要通过培育高级要素以促进加工制造业的转型升级,而中西部地区也要注重创新加工制造活动的发展模式,这是中国加工贸易空间格局优化的关键。     

干旱内陆河流域人居环境适宜性评价——以石羊河流域为例(英文)

The study employs slope,aspect,relief degree of land surface,land use,vegetation index,hydrology and climate,as evaluation indexes to set up the Human Settlements Environmental Index(HEI) model to evaluate the environmental suitability for human settlements in the Shiyang River Basin.By using GIS spatial analysis technology,such as spatial overlay analysis,buffer analysis and density analysis,the environmental suitability of the human settlement spatial situation and spatial pattern are established to analyze their spatial distribution.The results show that the index of suitability for human settlements in the Shiyang River Basin is between 17.13 and 84.32.In general,suitability for human settlements decreases from the southwest to the northeast.Seen from an area pattern,the suitable region is mainly distributed in the Minqin oasis,Wuwei oasis and Changning basin,which are about 1080.01 km 2 and account for 2.59% of the total area.Rather and comparatively suitable region is mainly distributed around the counties of Gulang,Yongchang and north of Tianzhu,which is about 1100.30 km 2.The common suitable region is mainly distributed outside the counties of Yongchang,Jinchuan and most parts of Minqin County,which are about 23328.04 km 2,accounting for 56.08% of the total area.The unsuitable region is mainly distributed upstream and to the north of the river,which is about 9937.60 km 2,accounting for 23.89% of the total area.Meanwhile,the least suitable region is distributed around the Qilian Mountains,which are covered by snow and cold desert and lie in the intersecting area between the Tengger Desert and Badain Jaran Desert.The total area is about 6154.05 km 2,accounting for 14.79% of the total area.Suitable regions for human habitation are mainly distributed around rivers in the form of ribbons and batches,while others are scattered.The distribution pattern is identical to the residential spatial pattern.In addition,the relationships between HEI and other factors have been analyzed.There is a clear logarithmic correlation between the residential environment and population,that is,the correlation coefficient between the evaluation value and population density reaches 0.851.There is also a positive correlation between the residential environment and economy,which reaches an evaluation value of 0.845 between the residential environment and GDP.Results also show that the environment is out of bearing with the existing population in Shiyang River Basin.Spatial distribution of population is profoundly affected by severe environmental problems,such as the expanded deserts,the hilly terrain and the changing climate.Surface water shortage and slow economic growth are bottlenecks for suitable human settlement in the Shiyang River Basin.Combining these problems with planning for construction of new country and the exploitation of local land,some residential areas should be relocated to improve the residential environment.     

2021年夏季我国气候异常特征及成因分析

2021年夏季我国天气气候异常特征突出,极端天气气候事件多,东部主要多雨区在我国北方,降水的季节内变化显著,华南前汛期开始偏晚、江淮流域梅雨和华北雨季开始偏早.东亚大气环流季节内变化对降水异常的空间分布影响较大.6月,东北冷涡活动频繁,导致东北及邻近区域降水异常偏多,黑龙江、嫩江流域发生严重汛情;东北冷涡的异常活跃可能...     

淮河流域洪汝河段浅层地下水质量评价方法浅析

依据2008年度淮河流域洪汝段(河南省域)536组浅层地下水水质化验资料,选取49个评价指标,分别采用内梅罗指数法和模糊数学法进行地下水质量评价,对两种方法的评价结果进行对比浅析,阐述二者的适用条件。结果表明:模糊数学法更好地揭示了水质等级划分上的模糊性,能均衡反映各指标的综合影响,评价结果更符合实际情况,更适用于评价指标较多的水质评价。     

老挝万象沙拉康铁矿地质及成因

矿体赋存于中二叠统中上部凝灰岩中。17号饼状铁异常面积大,峰值最高。V1矿体南、北控制545米。V2矿体南西、北东走向控制370米。次级构造发育,厚度大、品位富,为低硫、低磷炼铁用褐铁矿矿石。     

灌注桩结合三轴止水及内支撑的基坑围护设计

深基坑是一项理论复杂,学科综合性较高及风险较大的工程。工程中经常出现支撑体系失稳、围护结构失稳、坑壁漏水、坑底隆起等现象。以上海某深基坑工程为对象,分析了深基坑围护方案的选型要点,总结了深基坑围护设计中关键的计算与验算内容。最后对比分析了设计计算结果与实际监测数据结果,证明了所采取的围护形式的有效性,希望能为今后类似工程提供一些借鉴和参考。     

内出进洞方式对浅埋偏压隧道洞口段围岩稳定性影响研究

厦蓉线水都高速平寨隧道左洞洞口受施工条件、浅埋和偏压等因素的影响,采取了中横洞内出的进洞方法。现场监测成果表明施工取得了良好的效果。为研究该进洞方式对洞口浅埋偏压段围岩稳定性的影响,利用FLAC3D程序对平寨隧道施工过程进行三维仿真分析,比较中横洞内出和正面开挖两种进洞方式下左洞洞口围岩变形和应力变化情况,结果表明中横洞内出方案对近洞口约24m范围内围岩影响较小,为较优方案。     

全球大气季节内振荡对长江流域持续暴雨影响的研究进展

在引证论述大气季节内振荡(ISO)对暴雨(强降水)重要作用的基础上,概括性地回顾影响长江流域持续暴雨的大气ISO基本特征及其形成机制的主要成果。重点针对全球热带内外不同时间尺度的大气ISO的空间变化和年际变化与长江流域持续暴雨之间联系的研究工作进行总结评述,较为完整地总结长江流域夏季降水季节内变化的气候特征和全球不同空间和时间尺度的ISO对东亚副热带地区持续暴雨影响的已有认识,并结合2个半球的ISO与长江流域持续暴雨关系的研究现状,对未来暴雨(强降水)与不同时尺度ISO相互作用及其在10～30 d延伸期预报中的应用中有价值的科学问题和研究热点进行探讨,以期强调南半球ISO变化在全球和东亚副热带气候系统中的重要地位,提高夏季长江流域持续暴雨10～30 d延伸期预报和旱涝气候预测准确率。