Analysis of IL-2-1ike factor in lymphocyte culture supernatant of olive flounder, Paralichthys oliveaceus

To study immune mechanism of fish lymphocyte we performed a proliferation assay and ELISA using monoclonal antibody against human IL-2. The result showed that an interleukin-2 (IL-2)-like factor was detected in the supernatant of plant haemoglutinin (PHA)-stimulated lymphocyte culture from peripheral blood, spleen and head kidney of olive flounder,Paralichthys olivaceus. The quantities of IL-2-like factor in the supernatant from different lymphoid tissues were quite different. The IL-2 like factor in the supernatant from cultured head kidney lymphocytes was much higher than those of peripheral blood lymphocytes and spleen lymphocytes (P<0.01). The IL-2 activity was found in either mouse thymocyte proliferation assay or flounder head kidney lymphocyte proliferation assay and shown to have obvious enhancing effect on proliferation of the above two types of cell. The recombinant human IL-2, (rhIL-2) was able to stimulate flounder thymocyte proliferation and used to detect the IL-2 receptor (IL-2R) on the surface of flounder lymphocyte. The cross-reaction between the lymphocytes of flounder peripheral blood and CD25(IL-2R) was detected with flow cytometry and shown that the percentage of CD25-positive cell in peripheral blood was 7.74±0.67%. This work was supported by National “973” Project G1999012003, G19999012006.     

原发性中枢神经系统淋巴瘤的二例报告

本文报导了２例少见的颅内肿瘤－非何杰金化恶性淋巴瘤。通常认为和免疫抑制剂的使用和获得性免疫缺陷有关。该病无特异的临床症状，术前极难确诊。ＣＴ形像类似脑膜瘤，ＣＴ导向下的针刺活检或手术活检能获得更确的组织学诊断。目前提倡组织学确诊后放疗联合进行。     

大菱鲆家系选育二代7种免疫因子的分析

为选育高成活率的大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)抗鳗弧菌(Vibrio anguillarum)群体,对30个大菱鲆选育二代家系(F2)和1个普通养殖群体进行鳗弧菌攻毒实验(周期为14 d),统计分析死亡率。选取死亡率不同的6个选育家系和普通养殖群体构成7个实验组,采用半定量-聚合酶链反应(semi-quantitative polymerase Chain reaction,RT-PCR)技术对它们肝脏、脾脏、头肾的相关免疫因子——溶菌酶(Lysozyme)、抗菌肽(Hepcidin)、热激蛋白70(HSP70)、热激蛋白90(HSP90)、免疫球蛋白(Ig M)、C-型凝集素(C-type lectin)、Lily-型凝集素(Lily-type lectin)的表达量开展研究,并应用SPSS 16.0软件对攻毒前后各免疫因子的表达量与攻毒后存活率之间的相关性进行分析。研究结果表明:攻毒前后选育家系幼鱼肝脏、脾脏、头肾中7个免疫因子的表达量普遍高于普通养殖幼鱼,且在7个实验组中,攻毒后的表达量相较攻毒前均呈现下降趋势;攻毒前,肝脏中lysozyme、Ig M的表达量与存活率为极显著性正相关(P0.01),HSP70、HSP90、C-type lectin、Lily-type lectin的表达量与存活率为显著性正相关(P0.05);脾脏中,Hepcidin、HSP70和HSP90的表达量与存活率为极显著性正相关(P0.01);头肾中,HSP70的表达量与存活率为显著正相关(P0.05)。综上,可以推断选育家系相对于普通养殖群体大菱鲆抗鳗弧菌性能更强,且7种免疫因子在鳗弧菌感染鱼体的过程中发挥重要的抗感染作用;从F2中获得一个抗鳗弧菌性能较强的家系(23号),可用于今后大菱鲆抗鳗弧菌品系的选育指导工作,为大菱鲆高成活率群体的选育提供参考资料和理论依据。     

江苏省疾控免疫规划地理信息平台的设计与实现

近年来,由于信息技术、计算机图形图像技术、卫星定位及遥感技术的发展,GIS在各个领域的开发和利用得到了迅猛发展。GIS因具有对海量空间数据存储、分析的特点,又能迅速而又直观地输出分析结果,所以成为现代医学研究有力的辅助工具,也被逐渐应用于疾病预防和控制领域。从信息时代对疾病预防控制的要求和发展趋势看,疾控部门的大量数据具有空间分布特点,传染病的发生与流行、地方病的分布及病因、许多疾病的地方高发性特点等都与空间信息密切相关:GIS在重大疾病防控、卫生行政决策指导等方面将有广阔的应用前景。以江苏省疾控免疫规划地理信息平台为例,对平台建设的需求分析、总体设计、主要功能、关键技术与实现方法等方面进行总结研究。     

基于MSP430的水声时间反转应答系统设计

体积庞大、结构复杂的水声仪器设备往往在使用和维护等方面给使用者带来不便,因此对于水声设备的小型化要求已经必不可少。水声时间反转应答系统是水声时间反转镜研究的主体设备。论文结合水声信道匹配研究的实验要求,以MSP430F169微控制器作为核心部件,设计了一种适用于水声时间反转镜研究的小型化、低功耗应答系统。文中给出了详细的硬件及软件设计方案,以及该系统的应用原理。该设计体积小巧、结构简练,在保证性能的前提下,极大地提高了系统的易用性和灵活性。     

麦胚凝集素促进对虾免疫功能的初步研究

利用药浴法、注射法及药饵法研究了麦胚凝集素(WGA)促进对虾抗病力的效果。经肌肉注射法感染实验证明三种给药方法均可提高对虾的存活率,其中以药饵法(20mg/kg含量、喂养28d)效果较好,对虾存活率提高17％。表明利用药物促进对虾免疫系统功能,提高对虾抗病能力是一条可行的途径。     

创伤弧菌疫苗对青石斑鱼的免疫学效应和安全性

弧菌病是海水网箱养殖石斑鱼Ｅｐｉｎｅｐｈｅｌｕｓ主要疾病之一。本文利用致病菌──创伤弧菌Ｖｉｂｒｉｏｖｕｌｎｉｆｉｃｕｓ强毒菌株制备出安全性很高的福尔马林灭活疫苗（ＦＶ）和热灭活疫苗（ＨＶ）。这两种疫苗无论使用佐剂与否，通过肌肉注射接种青石斑鱼Ｅ．ａｗｏａｒａ都能使鱼体在较短时间内产生较强的体液免疫应答，而且抗体效价能维持较长时期。免疫后的青石斑鱼获得了良好的免疫保护力。     

海藻多糖微量元素配合物的生物活性初步研究

用广东沿海盛产的半叶马尾藻Ｓａｒｇａｓｓｕｍｈｅｍｉｐｈｙｌｌｕｍ为原料提取多糖，与Ｆｅ（３＋），Ｚｎ（２＋）等微量元素进行反应，形成能溶于水的海藻多糖配合物。分别以剂量为３００ｍｇ·ｋｇ（－１）的海藻多糖配合物饲喂ＮＩＨ系小鼠７－１５ｄ。结果发现，该多糖配合物能提高小鼠的血红蛋白和红细胞数量。其中，以Ｆｅ（３＋）海藻多糖配合物效果最显著。观察各种免疫指标，发现海藻多糖和海藻多糖微量元素配合物都能提高小鼠的免疫指标。海藻多糖微量元素配合物的效果比海藻多糖好。结果提示，微量元素参与了机体的免疫活动，并提高了免疫活性。     

对虾免疫防御中的阳离子和阴离子抗菌肽

综述了对虾免疫防御中扮演重要角色的几种抗菌肽的研究进展。人们首先从对虾中分离到阳离子抗菌肽，即对虾肽（penaeidin），对其性质、抗菌谱和分布与合成部位等进行了研究。并克隆到了该类抗菌肽的基因。最近又在两种对虾的血淋巴中分离到了3种独特的具有抗真菌活性的肽类。与已发现的抗菌肽不同的是这3种肽带负电荷，与血蓝蛋白C－端序列的一致性达95％－100％，由此表明它来自对虾呼吸作用蛋白－血蓝蛋白的裂解片断。免疫检测表明，这种由血蓝蛋白限制性水解产生的抗菌肽与对虾的免疫反应有关。     

Ontogeny of immune organs during early development stage of P.crocea

A histological and ultrastructural study was performed on the development of the head kidney, thymus, and spleen in Pseudosciaena crocea aging in range from just hatching to the 60th day after hatching (DAH). Head kidney was first present on the 3rd DAH. Primordial haemopoietic stem cells were first observed in the head kidney which rapidly differentiate into different cellular types. Progenitor spleen was present on the 4th DAH, located close to the gut, which soon became rich in blood capillaries, red blood cells and thrombocytes. The thymus was obvious on the 4th DAH, and was located on either side of the upper corner of the opercular cavity, closely under the membrance of the opercuhr cavity. The thymus was the last lymphoid organ to appear but showed a quick development. This organ seemed to originate from haemopoietic stem cells migrating from the head region of the kidney. The thymus consisted of outer thymocytic and inner epithelioid zones. There was no obvious demarcation between them, but both zones were visible. Small lymphocytes appeared, or lymphoid organs become lymphoid, in the sequence thymus, head kidney and spleen. Only a small number of lymphocytes appeared in the later stages. Non-specific systems may play an important role in the immunocompetence mechanisms of P. crocea during its early development stage.