Investigation of esophageal cancer with medical geology aspect in Golestan Province, lran

Background ＆ objective： Medical geology is a discipline of environmental health dealing with the impacts of geological relationship between loess deposits and certain endemic diseases such as esophagus cancer. This article deals with loess deposits with medical geology aspect toward diagnosis and prognosis. Materials ＆ Methods： In this study sampling from loess deposits from East towards West has been done. Collected samples have been undergone X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and Energy dispersive X-ray analysis （EDAX） for determination of minerals, surface morphology of minerals and chemical analysis for further studies, respectively. Results： In mineralogical studies dominated minerals are quartz, feldspar and calcite. Clay minerals are illite and chlorite, which are about 9.3%. The amount of quartz is variable from 56.3 to 45.4. The grains sizes are decreasing from northeast to southwest. Chemical analysis showed that loess deposits contain Si, Al, K and Ca, which are related to the presence of quartz, feldspar, calcite, illite and chlorite minerals. Conclusions： According to medical geology evidence, loess deposits of Gloestan Province could be closely related to the incidence of esophagus cancer due to effect of clay minerals on biochemical cycle, direct relation of grain size with the incidence of esophagus cancer and chemical composition of loess deposit for its high silica are also taken into consideration. As the esophagus cancer belt coincides with the loess deposits belt of the world.     

1997年2月28日伊朗西北部发生破坏性地震

１９９７年２月２８日伊朗西北部的阿尔达比勒省发生了破坏性地震，造成了重大伤亡和广泛的破坏，该震共破坏了１１０个村庄，使９６５人丧生，２６００人受伤，约４万人无家可归，文章综合介绍了这次地震的震源参数，破坏，伤亡和救灾情况等。     

中伊地震专家联合考察1997年5月10日伊朗东北部加恩—比尔兼德地震

中伊地震专家对１９９７年５月１０日伊朗霍拉桑省发生的７．１级地震联合进行了科学考察，取得了具有重要意义的成果。该文介绍了这次地震的震的震源参数及余震情况，强震记录及烈度分布、发震构造，震害及教训等。     

1997年5月10日伊朗地震及有关机构与对策概况

１９９７年５月１０日伊朗东北部地区再次发生破坏性地震。造成重大的人员伤亡和财产损失，几十个村庄被毁，４０００余人互亡。６０００我人受伤，数万人无家可归，直接经济损失约１．５亿美元。文章综合介绍了这次地震的震源参数，发震背景，破坏，伤亡和抗震求灾情况等。     

First Research on Marine and Nonmarine Sedimentary Sequences and Micropaleontologic Significance across Permian／Triassic Boundary in Iran （Isfahan and Abadeh）

Abundant ichthyoid remains, conodonts and holothurians sclerites were recovered near the Permian/Triassic boundary from a section south of Isfahan. Recovered ichthyoid remains include shark micro teeth and scales. The ichthyolith material is similar to a Fasanian ichthyolith from the Zakazane area in the Slovak karst of the Western Carpathians, which represents a subspecies of Acodina triassia. Conodont species are mostly neogondolellids. This fauna indicates that the sedimentary environment was marine, while to the north of localities near Isfahan and Zagross, terrestrial deposition was dominant at that time. Aluminasilicate and kaolin are present in a continental unit in Dopolan refractory main (Shahid Nilchian mine) and a section south of Chahriseh Village, north of Isfahan. Pisolitie, ironstone facies and bauxite clay are common near the Permian/Triassic boundary in the Chahriseh region.     

Evaluation of the Iranian guideline for deismic rehabilitation of existing buildings

The Iranian Guideline for Seismic Rehabilitation of Existing Buildings （GSREB）, which is currently used for vulnerability assessment of existing buildings in Iran, is evaluated in this paper. The vulnerability of sample buildings of a variety stories with special steel moment resisting frames, designed according to the Standard No.2800 requirements, is assessed by GSREB. In the vulnerability assessment, different analysis methods were used and the results, in terms of usage ratio, defined as the ratio of the strength/deformation demand to the corresponding capacity, are compared. Numerical results show that some columns of these buildings do not satisfy the life safety performance criteria in the design hazard level. Moreover, the target displacement estimated by the Displacement Coefficient Method （DCM） is larger than the maximum displacement calculated by nonlinear dynamic analysis.     

“一带一路”背景下的中国与伊朗贸易结构与潜力分析

“一带一路”倡议为中国与沿线国家的贸易提供了一个新的平台。伊朗是“一带一路”倡议的节点国家,研究中伊贸易结构与潜力不仅可以深化两国经贸合作,更有助于推动我国与“一带一路”沿线国家贸易往来。基于此,该文利用2010—2016年中伊双边贸易数据,结合比较优势指数、互补性指数以及劳伦斯指数,从多个角度深入分析两国贸易的结构;其次通过建立引力模型,评估中伊双边贸易潜力。研究结果表明：1）2010—2016年中国对伊朗出口贸易额增加48.01%,促使双边贸易逐渐趋于平衡;2）伊朗较好地发挥了对中贸易的互补优势,而中国未能发挥对伊贸易中石料等产品的互补优势;3）中伊双边贸易产品出口结构年际变化呈明显不规律性;4）中伊贸易潜力缩小16.89%,双边商品贸易发展空间有限,需要开拓新的贸易类型。研究认为未来中伊两国需要建立贸易应急备案,增强贸易互信,加大文化交流,借助“一带一路”平台实现创新驱动,寻求双边贸易新的增长点。     

Micromorphological evidences of climatic change in Yazd region, Iran

The fact of, present is the key of the past, will help us to use paleosols properties as indicators of the ecological characteristics of past .time, particularly the paleoclimate. In this respect the micro- morphological properties showed to be a very good indicator. Therefore, for investigating of climate change in Ardakan-Yazd plain, Central Iran 9 pedons were digged and described. Yazd has an arid climate with less than 100 mm annual precipitation and more than 22℃ mean annual temperature （Aridic-hyper thermic soil moisture and temperature regions, respectively）. Based on the morphological and physicochemical analysis Arglic, Calcic and Gypsic diagnostic horizons have been distinguished in these soils. Thin section studied showed that the illuviated form of clay includes, infillings on channel, coating on pendant, on nodules and on grains, at lower depths and also juxtaposed calcite needles on void argillan at upper part of the profiles. Mineralogical result showed fine clay in arglic horizon, too. Considering depth and forms of these pedofeatures, we concluded that, the observed illuviated clays at lower depth must be the result of the more humid climate of the past, where the carbonates have been removed completely as pendant, nodules or coating to considerable depth, following processes, clay has been dispersed and also trans located to these depths. In contrast to these features, the juxtaposed needle calcite at the shallower depth is probably the result of drier climate of today.