大别山高压、超高压变质岩结构构造的演化规律(PTt-D轨迹)

根据大别山高压、超高压变质岩的中尺度-显微构造分析及PTt研究,建立它们的结构和构造随变质作用（前榴辉岩相、超高压变质峰期、前角闪岩相和角闪岩相）有序演化的PTt-D轨迹。这一演化主要包括：在岩石的矿物结构方面从石榴石静态重结晶结构到柯石英假像及放射状张裂隙构造;在岩石组构方面从L>S到L-S和S>L榴辉岩;以及在中尺度构造方面发育的D1和D2变形构造。该PTt-D轨迹同时可以提供有关高压、超高压变质岩折返模式的信息。     

大别造山带西段构造单元

将大别造山带西段划分为7个二级构造单元 ,从北向南依次为：（1）马畈褶皱带;（2 ）凉亭混杂岩带;（3）牢山褶皱带;（4）苏家河滑覆席;（5）熊店-浒湾韧性剪切带; （6）卡房片麻岩穹窿和（7）彭店韧性剪切带。其中马畈褶皱带属华北板块南缘,凉亭混杂 岩带 可能代表碰撞缝合带位置。野外构造变形特征反映有4期依次发生的构造作用：（1）近南北 向 的褶皱作用;（2）从南向北的韧性推覆剪切作用;（3）右旋走滑韧性剪切作用;（4）垂 向隆升作用和与其有关的伸展滑脱作用。     

辽南中生代造山期缩短滑脱与晚造山伸展拆离构造

该区的构造格局主要由早期近东西向紧闭的褶皱带和晚期北北东向构造组成。早期的南北向缩短构造以龙王庙平卧褶皱和大小长山岛的直立紧闭褶皱为代表,分别具有扇状间隔性压溶劈理和透入性轴面片理,褶面倒向以北为主。北北东向构造切割近东西向构造,表层表现为北西西向薄皮逆冲推覆构造,浅层构造具有扇状压溶劈理的紧闭褶皱,深层表现为基底与盖层间的拆离断层及其下的韧性剪切带。早期的研究者将该断层作为辽南推覆构造底部的滑脱面,现今则压倒性地采用变质核杂岩的构造理念。根据相关剪切带早期面内褶皱发育,晚期伸展褶劈理发育,通过运动学涡度和应力状态分析,论证早期滑脱-推覆到晚期伸展拆离的演化过程。野外观测证明,辽南基底变质岩西侧的金州断层为一伸展拆离断层,它切割东侧的董家沟断层,前者平行于下伏糜棱岩中的同向伸展褶劈理,后者平行下伏糜棱岩的糜棱面理。金州拆离断层的形成及其东侧的隆起标志着辽南构造体制从缩短到伸展的转折。根据相关的年代学研究,这一构造体制转化发生在早白垩世(约120～107 Ma)。该区最新的构造事件是北东-南西向的缩短,相关的北北东向的右行走滑断层与晚白垩世以来的郯庐断层活动方式一致。     

激电测深法在南秦岭苏岭沟金矿区的勘查应用

探测了泥盆系地层覆盖地段Ⅰ号构造带和黑色含矿岩系在深部向西延伸及其倾向埋深展布情况。根据激电测深数据获得“低阻-高极化”特征的断面激电异常曲线图并结合地质资料,解译推测了深部含矿目标层及含矿构造空间赋存状况。经钻探验证,金矿化体位置与激电测深推断的极化率异常中心埋深基本吻合。     

A tentative model for the explanation of Båth law using the order parameter of seismicity in natural time

Using the order parameter of seismicity defined in natural time, we suggest a simple model for the explanation of Båth law, according to which a mainshock differs in magnitude from its largest aftershock by approximately 1.2 regardless of the mainshock magnitude. In addition, the validity of Båth law is studied in the Global Centroid Moment Tensor catalogue by using two different aftershock definitions. It is found that the mean of this difference, when considering all the pairs mainshock-largest aftershock, does not markedly differ from 1.2 and the corresponding distributions do not depend on the mainshock’s magnitude threshold in a statistically significant manner. Finally, the analysis of the cumulative distribution functions provides evidence in favour of the proposed model.     

Long-range dependence in the time series of Taiţa River discharges

ABSTRACT

The aim of this article is to offer an insight into the hydrology of southeast Romanian catchments, which have not been studied systematically. The complex behaviour of the Tai?a, one of the most important rivers situated in the northern part of Dobrogea, is demonstrated. Long-range dependence (LRD) in the time series of its streamflow, including the presence of trends, is supported by an estimated Hurst exponent of approximately 0.8, as well as statistical tests.

Editor D. Koutsoyiannis; GUEST editor S. Weijs     

Real scalar field scattering in the nearly extremal Schwarzschildben de Sitter space

Reasonable approximations are introduced to investigate the real scalar field scattering in the nearly extremal Schwarzschild--de Sitter (SdS) space. The approximations naturally lead to the invertible x(r) and the global replacement of the true potential by a P?shl--Teller one. Meanwhile, the Schr?dinger-like wave equation is transformed into a solvable form. Our numerical solutions to the wave equation show that the wave is characteristically similar to the harmonic under the tortoise coordinate x, while the wave piles up near the two horizons and the wavelength tends to its maximum as the potential approaches to the peak under the radial coordinate r.     

北赤道流区海温异常与ENSO循环

应用热带太平洋上层XBT温度资料，分析探讨了西太平洋暖池区次表层海温冷暖异常信号的变化规律，揭示了影响西太平洋暖池区次表层海温冷暖异常信号的机制。分析表明，西太平洋暖池区的次表层海温异常冷暖与太平洋北赤道流的海温冷暖异常信号西传有重要关系。北赤道流的海温异常冷(暖)信号是沿温跃层由赤道中东太平洋潜沉向西太平洋暖池区传播，对暖池区域次表层海温场产生重要影响。这一传播过程与西太平洋次表层海温异常暖(冷)信号向赤道中东太平洋传播，构成了热带海洋信号的气旋式“信号通道”。在这一“信号通道”中，北赤道流的海温异常信号西传是导致西太平洋暖池区及西太平洋次表层海温异常的重要机制，是影响El Nifio和La Nifia事件发生的关键。     

关中平原城市群中心城市空间联系强度研究

西安市作为关中平原城市群的中心城市,是推动西北地区建设发展的重要引擎。通过对 传统引力模型中的质量、距离及引力系数等参数进行改进。基于修正后的引力模型,对西安市及 中西部其他国家中心城市与其所在城市群内其他城市的空间联系强度进行测算,并比较分析西安 市与其他国家中心城市空间联系能力存在的差距及原因。研究结果表明：（1）关中平原城市群中 心城市西安的空间联系强度水平较低。在城市群内与其存在强、较强联系的城市占比仅为 30%。 而在成渝城市群和长江中游城市群与成都和武汉存在强、较强联系的城市占比较高,分别为 60% 和 48.1%。（2）关中平原城市群内中心城市西安及二级城市咸阳、宝鸡的综合发展水平较低,难以 有效地发挥其辐射及承接功能。与其他国家中心城市相比,西安的综合质量远低于成都和武汉, 同时二级城市宝鸡与咸阳的综合质量与西安相差约 3.4 倍。（3）城市间的综合时间距离是影响西安 市空间联系强度的重要因素,相较于成都而言,西安市与关中平原城市群内其他城市间的综合时 间距离在地缘相近的情况下仍然较长,直接削弱了西安的空间联系能力。因此,亟需加快建设大 西安都市圈的步伐,提升中心城市综合实力,积极将宝鸡市建设成为副中心城市,同时完善以西安 市为枢纽的城市群交通网络体系,从而提升其运输效率。     

Anomalous winter climate conditions in the Pacific rim during recent El Niño Modoki and El Niño events

Present work compares impacts of El Niño Modoki and El Niño on anomalous climate in the Pacific rim during boreal winters of 1979–2005. El Niño Modoki (El Niño) is associated with tripole (dipole) patterns in anomalies of sea-surface temperature, precipitation, and upper-level divergent wind in the tropical Pacific, which are related to multiple “boomerangs” of ocean-atmosphere conditions in the Pacific. Zonal and meridional extents of those “boomerangs” reflect their independent influences, which are seen from lower latitudes in the west to higher latitudes in the east. In the central Pacific, more moisture is transported from the tropics to higher latitudes during El Niño Modoki owing to displacement of the wet “boomerang” arms more poleward toward east. Discontinuities at outer “boomerang” arms manifest intense interactions between tropical and subtropical/extratropical systems. The Pacific/North American pattern and related climate anomalies in North America found in earlier studies are modified in very different ways by the two phenomena. The seesaw with the dry north and the wet south in the western USA is more likely to occur during El Niño Modoki, while much of the western USA is wet during El Niño. The moisture to the southwestern USA is transported from the northward shifted ITCZ during El Niño Modoki, while it is carried by the storms traveling along the southerly shifted polar front jet during El Niño. The East Asian winter monsoon related anticyclone is over the South China Sea during El Niño Modoki as compared to its position over the Philippine Sea during El Niño, causing opposite precipitation anomalies in the southern East Asia between the two phenomena.