洪水浸泡和水位骤降情况下黄河下游堤防堤岸稳定性分析

水库库岸边坡稳定在水位骤降工况下的研究目前已比较成熟,但对黄河下游堤防在水位骤降工况下的堤坡稳定状态却研究甚少。通过选取黄河下游标准化堤防某段堤岸边坡为研究对象,建立有限元渗流模型,提出黄河下游堤防的水位骤降速度标准,同时分析了在水位骤降速度为2、4、5 m/d时的坡内浸润线变化、堤岸稳定性变化,以及在水位骤降组合洪水浸泡最不利工况下的堤岸稳定状态。通过分析,给出水位下降情况、水位下降组合浸泡情况下的堤岸稳定状态图,并从图中可以查出在某一水位下降速度、洪水水位降至某一高程处的堤岸稳定状态,为工程人员在堤防建设中运用和推广提供了便利。     

红笛鲷α-珠蛋白和β-珠蛋白基因的克隆及序列分析

应用已知的标签序列通过RACE-PCR和RT-PCR方法成功克隆红笛鲷(Lutjanus sanguineus)α-珠蛋白和β-珠蛋白基因的全长cDNA序列。α-珠蛋白和β-珠蛋白基因的cDNA全长分别为560和563 bp,开放阅读框分别为429和444 bp,各编码143和148个氨基酸,理论相对分子质量分别为15690和16400,理论等电点为7.79和6.61。氨基酸序列BLAST结果表明,红笛鲷α-珠蛋白基因和β-珠蛋白基因编码的氨基酸序列与其他鱼类的相似性分别在59%~79%和55%~80%之间。用邻接法(Neighbor-Joining)构建的α-珠蛋白基因和β-珠蛋白基因的系统发育树表明,红笛鲷与真鲷(Pagrus major)、金头鲷(Sparus aurata)和鰤(Seriola quinqueradiata)等亲缘关系较近。     

大国博弈与文化认同——欧盟文化政策浅析

影响欧盟文化政策制定的因素,主要体现在两个层面:欧盟内部各成员国为维护本国核心利益而相互博弈,是欧盟内部影响文化政策制定的主要因素;维护欧盟整体利益,共同对抗美国文化霸权,以及进一步推进和深化欧洲一体化,是影响欧盟文化政策制定的另一重要因素。在内部博弈和外部对抗中,"文化多样性"都被作为重要的筹码广泛运用;与此同时,承认、尊重并维护"文化多样性",从而实现欧洲文化认同,又是实现欧洲一体化的前提和基础,是欧盟文化政策的宗旨和核心。     

The Taraklı Flysch in the Boyali area (Sakarya Terrane,northern Turkey): Implications for the tectonic history of the IntraPontide suture zone

In the Boyal? area, northern Turkey, the tectonic units of the ?stanbul–Zonguldak Terrane and the IntraPontide suture zone are thrust over the deposits at the top of the Sakarya Terrane, known as Tarakl? Flysch. It consists of Early Maastrichtian–Middle Paleocene turbidite and mass-gravity deposits, whose source mainly corresponds to the ?stanbul–Zonguldak Terrane, and, with a lesser extent, to the IntraPontide suture zone. These deposits were sedimented in a foredeep basin developed during the convergence between Sakarya and Eurasian continental microplates. In the Late Paleocene–Early Eocene time span, the Tarakl? Flysch was deformed (D1 phase) during the closure of the foredeep basin. In the Miocene time, the strike-slip tectonics (D2 phase) related to the North-Anatolian fault produced further deformations of the Tarakl? Flysch.     

Advanced analyses of 57Fe Mössbauer data of alumino-silicate glasses

⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer spectra of iron bearing alumino-silicate glasses are analysed by two complementary methods (SID and x-VBF) especially adapted for the analysis of disordered systems by taking into account distributions of hyperfine Mössbauer parameters. Qualitative and quantitative information about the oxidation state of iron are obtained as well as information about the distribution of local environments of iron. The possibility to separate the signal of ferric iron from that of ferrous iron allows to derive precise redox ratio in favourable cases but also to analyse more sharply the different contributions to Mössbauer spectra. Using two different glass series (feldspar composition, haplo-tonalitic composition), the characteristics of the two methods are described and employed to study the effect of composition, water incorporation and oxidation state on the glass structure. Optical absorption spectroscopy is used to support the interpretation of the Mössbauer spectra in case of the feldspar glasses.     

A tale of two institutions: Shaping O?wi?cim-Auschwitz

For the last sixty years, two institutions have shaped the destiny of the town of O?wi?cim in southern Poland. One of these institutions is globally recognised, its history and development widely researched; the other is well known only amongst Polish industrialists, perhaps Polish economic geographers, and amongst the people of O?wi?cim. These two institutions are the Auschwitz State Museum and the chemical firm Dwory SA. Both institutions have their roots in the German Occupation of Poland 1939-1945. This paper presents the tale of these two institutions in order not only to highlight the need to embed memorial sites in their wider contexts, but also to indicate the impact of such sites as political-economic institutions, with the influence to shape social and economic landscapes. In laying out the geographies of the town and its two major institutions, we draw attention to the ways in which Holocaust memorialisation and post-socialist transformation are articulated with each other, not only here in O?wi?cim, and also with wider processes of social, economic, political and cultural change.     

Geochronology and stable isotope signature of alteration related to hydrothermal magnetite ores in Central Anatolia,Turkey

Hydrothermal iron ores at Divri?i, east Central Anatolia, are contained in two orebodies, the magnetite-rich A-kafa and the limonitic B-kafa (resources of 133.8 Mt with 56% Fe and 0.5% Cu). The magnetite ores are hosted in serpentinites of the Divri?i ophiolite at the contact with plutons of the Murmano complex. Hydrothermal biotite from the Divri?i A-kafa yield identical weighted mean plateau ages of 73.75?±?0.62 and 74.34?±?0.83 Ma (2σ). This biotite represents a late alteration phase, and its age is a minimum age for the magnetite ore. Similar magnetite ores occur at Hasançelebi and Karakuz, south of Divri?i. There, the iron ores are hosted in volcanic or subvolcanic rocks, respectively, and are associated with a voluminous scapolite ± amphibole ± biotite alteration. At Hasançelebi, biotite is intergrown with parts of the magnetite, and both minerals formed coevally. The weighted mean plateau ages of hydrothermal biotite of 73.43?±?0.41 and 74.92?±?0.39 Ma (2σ), therefore, represent mineralization ages. Hydrothermal biotite from a vein cutting the scapolitized host rocks south of the Hasançelebi prospect has a weighted mean plateau age of 73.12?±?0.75 Ma (2σ). This age, together with the two biotite ages from the Hasançelebi ores, constrains the minimum age of the volcanic host rocks, syenitic porphyry dikes therein, and the scapolite alteration affecting both rock types. Pyrite and calcite also represent late hydrothermal stages in all of these magnetite deposits. The sulfur isotope composition of pyrite between 11.5 and 17.4‰ δ³⁴S_(VCDT) points towards a non-magmatic sulfur source of probably evaporitic origin. Calcite from the Divri?i deposit has δ¹⁸O_(VSMOV) values between +15.1 and +26.5‰ and δ¹³C_(VPDB) values between ?2.5 and +2.0‰, which are compatible with an involvement of modified marine evaporitic fluids during the late hydrothermal stages, assuming calcite formation temperatures of about 300°C. The presence of evaporite-derived brines also during the early stages is corroborated by the pre-magnetite scapolite alteration at Divri?i, and Hasançelebi-Karakuz, and with paleogeographic and paleoclimatic reconstructions. The data are compatible with a previously proposed genetic model for the Divri?i deposit in which hydrothermal fluids leach and redistribute iron from ophiolitic rocks concomitant with the cooling of the nearby plutons.     

Can Eurasia Experience a Cold Winter under a Third-Year La Ni?a in 2022/23?

The Northern Hemisphere(NH) often experiences frequent cold air outbreaks and heavy snowfalls during La Ni?a winters. In 2022, a third-year La Ni?a event has exceeded both the oceanic and atmospheric thresholds since spring and is predicted to reach its mature phase in December 2022. Under such a significant global climate signal, whether the Eurasian Continent will experience a tough cold winter should not be assumed, despite the direct influence of mid-to high-latitude,large-scale atmospheric ...     

利用芳烃参数研究煤系烃源岩中重排藿烷成因

研究发现鄂尔多斯盆地部分地区上古生界煤系烃源岩存在较高丰度的17α(H)-重排藿烷和早洗脱重排藿烷,在对重排藿烷分布、组成特征及生标组成特征研究的基础上,应用芳烃参数对高丰度重排藿烷的成因进行了探讨。饱和烃生物标志物组成特征显示,高重排藿烷与陆源高等植物生源关系密切,主要在弱氧化沉积环境下演化形成。具有高-异常高丰度17α(H)-重排藿烷和早洗脱重排藿烷(C₃₀*/C₃₀H>0.2、C₃₀E/C₃₀H>0.1)的烃源岩二环+三环芳烃相对含量一般大于50%,四环、五环芳烃含量相对较低,普遍低于35%,未见芳香甾萜类,研究认为其生源主要为陆生高等植物;甲基菲指数MPI₁、MPI₂和甲基菲比值F1研究结果显示,Pr/Ph>1的弱氧化环境烃源岩17α(H)-重排藿烷和早洗脱重排藿烷在进入成熟阶段后开始大量形成,并随成熟度升高而增大;Pr/Ph<1还原环境下的烃源岩重排藿烷丰度相对较低,但在进入成熟阶段后仍有随成熟度升高而增大的趋势;三芴系列化合物参数表明,沉积环境的弱氧化性质对17α(H)-重排藿烷和早洗脱重排藿烷的形成有较大的影响,沼泽相沉积环境最有利于重排藿烷的形成。     

Active tectonic and palaeoseismological features of the western section of Mustafakemalpaşa Fault; Bursa,NW Anatolia

The Mustafakemalpa?a Fault (MF), located among Manyas, Ulubat and Orhaneli faults, is a right lateral strike-slip and 47 km in length. The MF begins with a pressure ridge at the west and exhibits complex jog terminations at east ends in restraining left stepovers. The western section of the fault bounds Miocene and Quaternary units and continues towards ?lyasç?lar. The central segment of the fault, starts with approximately 750-m leftward stepover, exhibits a sinusoidal geometry between Kapakl?oluk and Kabulbaba. In this section, MF traverses mountainous terrain and cuts Ophiolite, Jurassic limestones and Miocene detritals, forming dextral faulting features and gaining reverse component. The eastern section exhibits left stepping en-echelon pattern and consists 2.5-km offset on the Orhaneli River. In this study, palaeoseismological findings related to the Holocene activity and active tectonic properties of the MF are presented. The trenches exposed mismatched stratigraphy, demonstrating evidence of events across the fault. We identified three events (before BC 2190, later AD 1425 and 1850) that have occurred during the past 4000 years. We suggest a long non-characteristic recurrence interval and ~0.7 mm/y slip-rate for MF, based on trench data and offset of the Late Pliocene drainage of Orhaneli River.