竖向地震动强度包络函数的空间变化规律

利用SMART 1台阵三次地震记录拟合了各个测点在地震中的竖向地震动强度包络曲线及Amin 和Ang的强度包络函数中各模型参数值,分析了各模型参数的空间变化规律,建立了各模型参数随二维空间坐标及土层厚度变化的随机模型,为多点地震动合成中竖向强度包络函数的计算提供了理论依据。     

包心构造是铝土矿床的成因标志

铝土矿床的包心构造,即粘土岩层包裹铝土矿体,是腐植酸长期分解土壤硅酸盐,而导致土壤剖面的垂直分层。具备垂直渗水系统的地形,如岩溶洼地、平顶山丘,是成矿的先决条件之一。铝岩系是一套陆相地层,夹在地层剖面的基底岩层风化侵蚀面之上,和其上发育植被的沉积间断面之下。铝土矿是陆上成矿,是植物化学风化残积矿床。     

大气中的包络Rossby孤立波——纬度效应的作用

本文进一步对旋转正压大气中的包络Rossby孤立波进行了研究，结果发现当Rossby波的波数m（m为纬向波数）满足1≤m≤2时，旋转正压大气中才存在包络Rossby孤立波，并且只有m＝2的包络Rossby孤立波才具有阻塞高压的结构。我们还对这种m＝２的包络Rossby孤立波随纬度变化的持续性进行了计算，得到了许多结果。     

一次暴雪过程地形方案的敏感性试验研究

利用WRF模式中提供的包络地形、轮廓地形和平均地形方案对2005年12月20-21日的山东暴雪过程进行数值模拟.结果表明:地形方案与降雪的时空分布有很大的相关性,地形越接近实际地形,降雪的时空分布越接近实况;降雪过程中有明显的中尺度重力波活动,降雪的峰值滞后于重力波的波峰;重力波受地形影响很大,地形越不平滑,重力波的强度越强、移速越慢;当重力波的强度较强时,降雪峰值滞后于波峰的时间差也较长.     

切变基流中赤道Rossby包络孤立波(英文)

利用一个简单的赤道β平面浅水模式和多尺度摄动法，从描写赤道Ｒｏｓｓｂｙ波的正压大气位涡度方程中推导出在切变基本维向流中赤道Ｒｏｓｓｂｙ波包演变所满足的非线性Ｓｃｈｒｏｄｉｎｇｅｒ方程，并得到其单个包络孤立波子波解，并分析基本流切变对非线性赤道Ｒｏｓｓｂｙ孤立子的影响。     

An energy-based envelope function for the stochastic simulation of earthquake accelerograms

An energy-based envelope function is developed for use in the stochastic simulation of earthquake ground motion. The envelope function is directly related to the Arias intensity of the ground motion as well to the manner in which this Arias intensity is built-up over time. It is shown that this build-up, represented by a Husid plot, can be very well modelled using a simple lognormal distribution. The proposed envelope makes use of parameters that are commonly available in seismic design situations, either following a deterministic scenario-type analysis or following a more comprehensive probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA), either in terms of Arias intensity or the more common spectral acceleration. The shape parameters of the envelope function are estimated following the calculation of the analytic envelopes for a large number of records from PEER Next Generation of Attenuation (NGA) database. The envelope may also be used to predict the distribution of peak ground acceleration values corresponding to an earthquake scenario. The distribution thus obtained is remarkably consistent with those of the recent NGA models.     

不依赖子波、基于包络的FWI初始模型建立方法研究

地震全波形反演(FWI)从理论走向实际面临着诸多难题,其中之一就是需要一个较高精度的初始模型,另一个难题就是需要一个较为精确的震源子波,初始模型和震源子波的准确程度严重影响着全波形反演的最终结果.为此,本文提出了不依赖子波、基于包络的FWI初始模型建立的方法,建立了相应的目标函数,推导出了反演的梯度,给出了伴随震源的表达式,理论上分析了不依赖子波FWI的可行性.在数值试验中,讨论了参考道的选取方式,通过分析归一化目标函数收敛速率,认为近偏移距参考道优于远偏移距参考道,在地震数据含干扰噪音时,平均道作为参考道要优于最小偏移距参考道.通过包络、包络对数、包络平方三种目标函数反演结果的比较,发现包络对数目标函数对深层的反演效果最好.通过不同子波的试验进一步验证了本方法的正确性.     

一种低频地震事件的检测方法---在汶川地震和芦山地震前的初步应用

本文发展了一种单台检测低频地震事件的方法,并用其检测2008年汶川I Ms8．0地震、2013年芦山M。7．0地震震前的低频事件。使用汶JiI地震、芦山地震前周边的宽频带台站数月的垂直向连续波形,经过2～8 Hz带通滤波、窗长为10 S的包络平滑、窗长为20 rain的中值滤波,去除近场天然地震及远场大震与低频噪声的影响后,发现这两个大地震前有少数台站在连续数天的时间内,出现持续时间长(数十分钟到数小时)、包络中值明显大于背景噪声的现象,其波形记录及包络特征与非火山震颤(NVT)的波形记录及包络特征具有较好的相似性,我们认为这是汶川地震和芦山地震前的疑似慢地震事件。初步应用表明,本文所用的方法对于从宽频带连续波形资料中提取NVT信号是可行的。     

Simulation of accelerograms from simplified deterministic approach for the 23rd October 2004 Niigata-ken Chuetsu,Japan earthquake

A simple hybrid approach for the simulation of strong ground motion is presented in this paper. This approach is based on the deterministic modelling of rupture plane initially started by Midorikawa, Tectonophysics 218:287–295, (1993) and further modified by Joshi, Pure Appl Geophys (PAGEOPH) 8:161, (2004). In this technique, the finite rupture plane of the target event is divided into several subfaults, which satisfy scaling relationship. In this paper, simulation of strong ground motion due to a rupture buried in a earth medium consisting of several layers of different velocities and thicknesses is made by considering (1) transmission of energy at each layer; (2) frequency filtering properties of medium and earthquake source; (3) correction factor for slip of large and small magnitude earthquakes and (4) site amplification ratio at various stations. To test the efficacy of the developed technique, strong motion records were simulated at different stations that have recorded the 2004 Niigata-ken Chuetsu, Japan earthquake (M _s 7.0). Comparison is made between the simulated and observed velocity and acceleration records and their response spectra. Distribution of peak ground acceleration, velocity and displacement surrounding the rupture plane is prepared from simulated and observed records and are compared with each other. The comparison of synthetic with the observed records over wide range of frequencies shows that the present technique is effective to predict various strong motion parameters from simple deterministic model which is based on simple regression relations and modelling parameters.     

包络地形和重力波拖曳对气候模拟效果的影响

该文用Nju-PσM的数值试验, 研究了包络地形和地形重力波拖曳作用对7月气候模拟效果的影响.通过试验结果的对比分析, 发现包络地形和重力波拖曳作用都可在一定程度上改善模式的模拟性能, 使模拟结果更符合气候实况.