扬子地台北缘裂谷系金与多金属成矿特征

扬子地台北缘大多数金矿床集中集中在裂谷系古陆隆起内外接触处，经历了复杂的地壳结构演化，形成新的金矿类型和矿化组合，具多源性，以深源为主，浅源次之，再次是陆源，控矿构造含同生构造与封闭聚矿盆地等多种成矿作用的叠加。     

中国东中西部城市土地储备决策绩效比较研究

运用数据包络分析(DEA)模型,对2013年中国内地34个大中城市土地储备决策绩效进行总体评价和比较分析。研究结果表明:东部地区城市土地储备决策效率最高,西部次之,中部最低;土地储备决策效率受到纯技术效率和规模效率的共同作用,且规模效率作用较大;影响东中西部城市土地储备决策效率投入产出的主要因素各不相同。基于此,从深化土地及相关制度改革和提升政府管理效率两个层面提出土地储备决策绩效优化策略,从而提高土地资源利用效率、优化城市空间结构。     

基于生态系统评价的山东省国土空间生态修复重点区域识别

国土空间生态修复是落实生态文明建设的重要抓手。科学识别国土空间生态修复重点区域,合理布局生态修复空间是当前国土空间生态修复规划面临的难点之一。本研究以山东省国土空间生态系统评价为基础,通过对山东省生态系统服务功能、生态环境敏感性和生态系统恢复力综合评价,研究识别出山东省生态修复重点区域,并对各重点区域提出了生态修复的主导方向,为国土空间生态修复规划编制提供了支撑。     

2011年初云南东部极端低温冰冻灾害天气气候特征及成因分析

利用NCEP/NCAA再分析资料,国家气候中心74项环流指数及云南省122个观测站资料,结合诊断、合成和相关分析等方法,探讨2011年初云南东部极端低温冰冻灾害天气气候特征及成因,并与2008年初低温冰冻灾害进行对比分析。旨在寻找云南低温冰冻天气的预报着眼点,为提前做好防灾减灾工作提供决策依据。研究表明:500hPa高度场欧亚中高纬呈两槽一脊,西西伯利亚高压脊异常强大,贝巴之间为东西向横槽,东亚中高纬呈"+-+"的高度场距平分布,西太平洋副热带高压异常偏东偏弱,南海副高异常偏南偏弱是2011年1月云南东部频遭冷空气影响的大尺度大气环流背景。另外,相关分析发现NINO4区海温持续异常偏冷对应云南东部气温异常偏低。较2008年初持续近2个月的低温雨雪冰冻灾害相比,虽然2011年灾害影响时间较短,范围较小,但冷空气过程频发,昆明准静止锋长时间控制云南东部,最终造成近50年来的极端低温冰冻灾害。     

CUTLASS Finland radar observations of the ionospheric signatures of flux transfer events and the resulting plasma flows

The CUTLASS Finland radar has been run in a two-beam special scan mode, which offered excellent temporal and spatial information on the flows in the high-latitude ionosphere. A detailed study of one day of this data revealed a convection reversal boundary (CRB) in the CUTLASS field of view (f.o.v) on the dayside, the direction of plasma flow either side of the boundary being typical of a dawn-cell convection pattern. Poleward of the CRB a number of pulsed transients are observed, seemingly moving away from the radar. These transients are identified here as the ionospheric signature of flux transfer events (FTEs). Equatorward of the CRB continuous backscatter was observed, believed to be due to the return flow on closed field lines. The two-beam scan offered a new and innovative opportunity to determine the size and velocity of the ionospheric signatures associated with flux transfer events and the related plasma flow pattern. The transient signature was found to have an azimuthal extent of 1900 ± 900 km and an poleward extent of 250 km. The motion of the transient features was in a predominantly westward azimuthal direction, at a velocity of 7.5 ± 3 km.     

A Review on Researches of Active Tectonics——History, Progress and Suggestions1

This paper reviews the history and progress of research on active tectonics in China and overseas. By giving a brief introduction on the history of active tectonic research in China and other countries, the paper sums up the process and development of quantitative investigation of active tectonics since the 1980s. The focus is on the main efforts and progress made in China on certain aspects of research, such as basic surveys and applied investigation of active tectonics, the study of theories related to regional active tectonics and their kinematics and geodynamics, surveys on coupling relations between deep and shallow structures, active fault surveys and prospecting and seismic hazard assessment in urban areas, as well as the efforts made using Quaternary geochronology. Furthermore, the paper looks back on Chinese quantitative investigation of active tectonics in China and sums up cognitions derived from studies on the determination of several basic and measurable parameters of active tectonics. These parameters include the length of fault and fault segmentation, coseismic slip and cumulative slip, fault slip rate, the sequence of paleoearthquake events and the time elapsed since the most recent event. At the same time, efforts and progress made in China on assessing the long-term seismic potential for active faults and evaluating the risk from potential active fault movement have been reviewed by summarizing research on developing theories, models, methods and the application of time-dependent seismic potential to prohabilistic assessment, magnitude estimation for potential earthquakes on active faults, and the forecast of potential risk caused by active fault movement. Finally, in consideration of the realities and problems in the research of active tectonics in China, the authors put forward several suggestions for issues worthy of more attention for further investigation in the future.     

山东省地热资源及勘查开发对策

山东省山地丘陵区及平原区均有地热显示,地热资源蕴藏量较丰富。长期以来,由于全省地热资源缺乏统一规划,造成地下热水乱采现象普遍的不良局面,且利用方式单一,对资源造成严重浪费。有些地区还出现了诸如热储水位持续下降、水环境污染等地质环境问题。因此,只有研究制定科学的地热资源勘查开发规划,才能保证地热资源的可持续综合开发利用。     

基于无人船的水质监测及控制系统设计

针对执行水质监测任务过程中固定浮标监测站单点监测存在局限性、船载观测人员取样耗时耗力等问题,本文设计了一种搭载多点、分层自动采水取样装置的智能无人船水质监测系统,可实现目标水域的多点、分层连续水质数据测量及取样。该智能无人船具备基于快速随机树(Rapid Random Tree)算法的自主避障和快速路径规划功能,解决了现有无人船技术存在的多障碍自主路径规划难等问题。同时,本设计结合了ARM9控制芯片、M5310无线传输模块,通过可视化的显示界面和远程WEB访问的功能,大大提升了科研人员及时处理特殊情况便捷性。通过实验测试及比对分析,证明本设计具有智能高效、稳定可靠等优点,能够满足职能部门对于水质监测工作的需要。     

基于生态化人工海岸建设的理论研究与应用 ——以天津永定新河口综合整治修复工程为例

分析生态文明背景下围填海区域人工海岸建设存在的问题,结合淤泥质人工海岸空间特点,总结提出了生态岸线整治修复技术、仿自然化处理设计、景观构建适宜性、人工海岸生态系统等生态化建设基础理论,并以天津永定新河口综合整治修复工程为例,重点阐述了人工海岸生态化建设过程中生态系统和景观构建的方法要点和具体思路.结果表明:在人工海岸生...     

兰州市南北两山生态建设效应的遥感监测

利用1999年Landsat ETM+、2005年Landsat TM卫星影像和2009年“环境与灾害监测预报小卫星”影像提取兰州南北两山地区三期土地利用数据,将景观生态学的理论与兰州南北两山环境绿化工程的实际相结合,运用GIS分析、景观指数计算及数理统计等多种方法,对兰州南北两山地区1999—2009年的土地利用与景观格局动态变化进行分析。结果表明,10 a来兰州南北两山的土地利用变化主要表现为林地和建设用地的增加,草地和农田的减少;景观格局趋于破碎化,多样性增大,景观结构趋于多样化和均匀化。驱动力分析表明,人类活动和政策因素是导致该区土地利用和景观格局变化的主要原因。