磁星能量注入模型拟合伽玛射线暴X射线余辉光变曲线

某些伽玛射线暴(简称伽玛暴)的中心致密天体可能是一颗具有强磁场的毫秒脉冲星,它通过磁偶极辐射可对伽玛暴外激波注入能量,从而导致早期余辉光变曲线的变平.近年来,从Swift卫星观测到的大量伽玛暴X射线余辉中发现,很多X射线余辉光变曲线在暴后10~2～10~4s期间的确存在明显的变平现象.利用周期为毫秒量级的磁星能量注入模型对11个加玛暴的X射线余辉光变曲线进行了拟合,显示该模型在解释余辉变平现象上的有效性和广泛性,通过对余辉光变曲线的拟合,同时也给出了相关中心磁星的磁场强度和旋转周期.     

Analytical Afterglow Light Curves of Gamma-ray Bursts: the Case of a Flat Electron Spectrum

In the standard afterglow model, the swept electrons have a single power-law energy distribution dn/dγe ∝ γ−p e (p ∼ 2.3), owing to the first order Fermi acceleration process. However, in some events people find a lot of evidence for a flat electron spectrum (i.e., p < 2). In this work, the analytical afterglow light curves in the case of a flat electron energy distribution are presented respectively for a single power-law spectrum and a broken power-law spectrum, then the results are applied to the specific burst GRB 060908. Besides, we have also speculated a possible solution of the so-called low energy spectrum crisis of Gamma-ray Bursts     

Multiyear observations of the galaxy Mk 501

Data of six-year observations of very high energy (E > 10¹¹ eV) gamma-ray flux from the active galactic nucleus Mk 501 obtained using the ground-based GT-48 telescope are analyzed and compared with the 2–10 keV X-ray data obtained using the ASM instrument onboard the RXTE satellite. A positive correlation between the average annual X-and gamma-ray fluxes is demonstrated.     

秦岭华阳川地区航空伽马能谱异常特征及铀找矿方向

华阳川铀铌铅矿床是北秦岭造山带内一种类型特殊的铀多金属矿床。为了实现在外围快速找矿的目的,在矿床及其周边开展了1∶1万高精度航空磁放测量,获得高精度的航空放射性数据,通过对航放数据的解释,对下一步找矿勘探工作的部署有重要意义。通过对宏观上放射性元素的分布特征的研究,认为铀、钾异常分布特征相似,在测区西部有大面积分布,东部无成规模异常,钍异常在测区中部形成东西向异常带,与韧性剪切带的位置一致。铀异常有明显受北西向和北东向两组断裂控制,且在华阳川断裂北东盘异常面积大,强度高,但南西盘太古宙地层却无明显铀异常。本次研究计算了钍钾比、钍铀比、铀钾比、古铀含量、活性铀含量等参数,掌握了元素在不同地层单元的迁移富集规律。根据航空放射性异常,开展地面验证工作,圈定3条铀矿化带,达到了快速找矿的目的,对铀矿等战略性矿产的成矿规律研究及找矿勘查有积极意义。     

我国铀矿核物探发展与未来

简述了核物探概念、发展历程和未来前景。从方法原理、采集仪器、数据处理、解释和应用领域等方面,介绍了γ能谱、氡及其子体方法技术、X荧光技术、核磁共振技术、中子技术和中微子技术现状与展望。提出了“α＋γ”、“α＋β＋γ”、“核物探＋核化探”、“核物探＋普通物探”组合找矿模式及综合信息找矿模式,并通过应用实例分析了找矿模式应用效果。     

CZD—6型车载多道γ能谱测量系统

CZD－6型车载多道γ能潜测量系统,以核工业北京地质研究院研制的HDY－256型便携式多道γ能谱仪为操作台,与大体积闪烁探测器构成γ能谱测量系统。每一测点的位置用GPS导航仪定位。测点的经纬度及该测点上获取的256道γ能谱数据用笔记本微机采集,可以在行进中实时显示每一测点的256道谱线。仪器安装在轻型越野车中,构成一套完整的车载多道γ能谱测量系统。该系统在石家庄航测放射性模型上通过校正后,已用于环境放射性监测。获得的大量数据表明,仪器性能稳定,工作可靠,是快速进行环境γ能谱测量的先进手段。它不仅可用于测定环境天然放射性元素浓度,而且在核事故应急处理、核污染监测中具有重要意义。     

航空伽玛射线全能谱数据分析方法的理论研究

通过航空伽玛能谱测量的源项分析和测量模型建立,发现航空伽玛能谱测量谱是各种源项能谱成分的合成谱。对航空伽玛射线全能谱分析方法给出了其数学分析式,其通用式可表示为矩阵式,对于矿产勘查和核环境与核应急等不同的应用领域能表达成相应的展开式。理论研究表明,航空伽玛全谱法不需要附加的上测探测器,就可直接解决大气氡修正问题,还将具有较好的经济效益。     

NASVD方法在航空伽玛能谱数据降噪中的应用

介绍了一种基于多元统计分析的降噪处理方法——NASVD方法的核心思想及其程序实现步骤。对某地区航空伽玛能谱测量数据集进行降噪处理的试验结果表明：NASVD方法能够显著地消除原始能谱数据中统计涨落的影响,其降噪效果明显优于传统的能谱降噪方法。     

Plasma instability in relativistic jets

Based on the Maxwel-Vlasov equations, we consider the possible generation mechanisms of hard emission through the growth of plasma instabilities in a relativistic jet composed of electrons and protons. The accelerated material of the jet moves by inertia. When a small difference arises between the electron and proton velocities (which may result from the interaction of jet material with background plasma or from the acceleration mechanism) plasma instabilities can grow. The particle distribution functions, which were initially delta functions both in angle and in energy, transform into complex angular and energy dependences. In this case, the probability of collisions between high-energy particles in the jet increases, resulting in hard gamma-ray emission.     

Recognition of aeolian soils of the Blayney district, NSW: implications for mineral exploration

Aeolian soils in the Blayney district are characterised by having approximately 80% of their mass finer than 63 μm, Ti/Zr ratios of approximately 12, radioelement contents of 0.7% K, 2 ppm eU and 11 ppm eTh and a position high in the landscape. Their Ti/Zr ratio and abundant quartz content distinguishes them from soils derived from Tertiary basalts, which share some of the other characteristics. Many soils in the district have a partial aeolian contribution, which can be recognised by a Ti/Zr ratio that differs from that of the underlying rock. Abundance of an aeolian contribution suggests that airborne radiometric surveys should be very carefully interpreted. Ground studies suggest that high Th content in soils contrasted with low Th in adjacent rocks can be indicative of an aeolian contribution in soils. A substantial amount of fine material in a soil can also significantly dilute geochemical signatures if −63 μm (<80 mesh) samples are used for soil surveys during exploration.