抗差估计在多站多星卡尔曼滤波精密定轨中的应用

针对在多站多星卡尔曼滤波定轨中,粗差探测判断标准选择不合适时会影响卡尔曼滤波解精度的问题,采用放宽粗差探测阈值并在滤波阶段采用抗差估计的方法来控制滤波的精度。利用IGS站和BD站的观测数据,分别计算了GPS、BD卫星单天弧度的定轨结果,并与IGS精密星历、武大精密星历作比较。结果表明,利用抗差卡尔曼滤波方法轨道精度得到了提高。     

北斗系统精密卫星钟差精度评价

针对目前北斗卫星导航系统尚未形成统一的事后轨道和钟差产品的现状,该文提出了一种较为全面的北斗卫星导航系统精密卫星钟差精度评价方法,从钟差拟合残差标准差和天跳变等方面对北斗系统事后精密卫星钟差的精度进行了评价。使用相同方法对2013年全年、2014年上半年的北斗系统精密卫星钟差产品进行了评价,以此来分析定轨策略调整对卫星钟差的影响。结果表明,武汉大学分析中心解算的北斗系统精密卫星钟差产品的精度为分米级,大部分卫星的钟差精度优于0.2m,且定轨策略调整后倾斜地球同步轨道/中地球轨道卫星钟差产品的精度有小幅度提升;定轨策略调整前卫星钟差天跳变在0.2~0.5m间,但是调整后钟差天跳变显著增大,变化范围为2~3m,建议在实际应用中对其加以慎重处理。     

DORIS/DIODE: Real-Time Orbit Determination Performance on Board SARAL/AltiKa

One amazing heritage of the current altimetry missions, Jason-2, CryoSat-2 (without mentioning their predecessors TOPEX-Poseidon, ERS, Jason-1, and EnviSat) is that DORIS using DIODE On-Board Orbit Determination software calculate orbits in real-time with accuracy. For example, accuracy has been improved to 2.7 cm RMS on board DORIS/Jason-2 compared with the final Precise Orbit Ephemerides (POE) orbit, generally known to have less than 1 cm accuracy on the radial component. Simultaneously, an efficient integrity team on-ground continually monitors the health of the DORIS system.

In February 2013, SARAL/AltiKa was launched hosting a DORIS DGXX receiver with the latest LV11 software as previously used in Jason-2 and CryoSat-2. DORIS on-board SARAL has since been permanently producing results efficiently every ten seconds without exception, including during manoeuvring phases. Spacecraft, ground-system, and users are provided with real-time information on the satellite position: the accuracy is approximately 3.0 cm RMS on the radial component, which is a major break-through for Near Real-Time (NRT) processing. These results are detailed in the paper. Future DORIS/DIODE versions will be used on-board Jason-3 and Sentinel-3.     

GPS定轨中的太阳辐射压模型

对于GPS这样的高轨卫星轨道的确定,最大的误差源为太阳辐射压摄动．近年来IGS各个数据处理中心提供的GPS星历精度越来越高,其中很重要的一个因素就是太阳辐射压摄动模型的不断完善．详细阐述了目前主要的7种太阳辐射压摄动模型后,给出了各种光压摄动模型的计算模型,并利用不同的摄动模型积分卫星轨道,得到不同模型在GPS卫星轨道积分中的精度．结果表明,Bern大学提供的3种模型对太阳辐射压的模拟较为准确,相对于其他4种模型,由其得到的GPS轨道精度有将近一个量级的提高．     

摩擦-钢管混凝土短柱复合隔震支座性能试验与隔震分析

作者在钢管混凝土柱支座隔震房屋实验研究中发现,隔震支座中上盖与底座的接触无论如何处理,摩擦力总是存在的．因此,隔震支座实际上是摩擦耗能与钢管混凝土耗能复合减震系统。本文通过对单个和一组隔震支座的实验研究,确定了短柱支座的恢复力模型,采用了高阶单步算法分析了装有此类支座隔震结构的地震反应,验证了复合隔震支座良好的隔震性能及隔震效果。     

Collision Probability for Earth-Crossing Asteroids Using Orbital Ranging

We introduce new techniques for the computation of the collision probability for Earth-crossing asteroids in the case of short observational arcs and/or small numbers of observations. The techniques rely on the orbital element probability density computed using statistical orbital ranging. We apply the techniques to the Earth-crossing asteroid 1998 OX₄with non-vanishing collision probability in numerous close approaches after the year 2012 (inclusive). We study the invariance of the collision probability in transformations between different orbital element sets, and develop a Spearman rank correlation measure for the validity of the linear approximation. We introduce an optimized, fast version of the statistical ranging method.     

初轨计算的参考矢量法

本文从最优估计角度研究短弧资料定初轨问题，提出一种最小二乘估计算法，同时提出一种符合实用的参考矢量法．仿真结果显示，参考矢量法克服了现有初轨算法所承受病态影响，把定轨精度提高到接近最佳水平．     

A new procedure for the solution of the classical problem of minimal orbit determination from three lines of sight

A new method has been developed for obtaining multiple solutions of the classical angles-only initial-orbit-determination problem. The method operates by a higher-order Newton correction of the assumed values for two of the unknown ranges, with the author's universal Lambert algorithm at the heart of the procedure. The observations are permitted to span several revolutions when the orbit is elliptic, and the method is free of artificial singularities in the configuration of observers and sight-lines; thus it has been successfully used with some test problems that would not be solvable by existing methods.Former affiliation: Royal Aerospace Establishment, Farnborough     

DSQ型短基线水管倾斜仪及标定装置的研制

阐述了具有国产化、小型化、数字化、智能化特点的DSQ型短基线水管仪的原理、结构与性能指标 ,并介绍了该仪器在 7个试验台 8条短基线上的试验与监测记录、精度估算结果。在全国 30多个台站与朝鲜平壤大成山地震台的推广证明 :该仪器在小于或等于 5m的洞体基线上均能取得清晰、光滑、令人满意的倾斜固体潮汐观测结果 ,成功率达 10 0 % ,精度达当今国际同类先进水平。