丽江大研镇震灾分布和地脉动测量结果之间的相关性

丽江７．０级地震后，大研镇被毁建筑物的地理分布呈显４条条带，伤亡人员的地理分布和上述条带重合。９１个短周期地脉动测点的观测资料表明，分布在上述条带内的大多数测点，其卓越周期大于０．３Ｓ；条带外的测点，其卓越周期一般在０．１Ｓ左右。作认为卓越周期和烈度异常之间良好的相关性，是因为地脉动卓越周期和地方震的频谱之间存在良好的相关性。     

大气环流模式的完全控制试验与模式大气的年际异常研究

对大气环流模式提出了完全控制试验（ＦＣ）的概念，对包括陆面下垫面在内的整个地球表面的热力强迫作了控制。在ＦＣ中，可以更好地分离出大气内动力过程对于模式大气短期气候异常的影响。利用ＩＡＰ２－ＬＡＧＣＭ（中国科学院大气物理所二层大气环流模式）实施了完全控制试验。结果表明，北半球夏半年ＦＣ的月平均海平面气压（ＳＬＰ）年际异常较Ｃ的小，而全球或南半球ＦＣ与Ｃ的ＳＬＰ无明显差别。东亚－西太平洋区域夏半年ＦＣ的月平均ＳＬＰ年际异常甚至高于Ｃ的，意味着该区域模式大气环流短期气候异常中大气内动力过程的作用不可忽视。     

美国国家气象中心定量降雨预报

美国国家气象中心自１９６０年开始实施定量降雨预报及其检验方案直至１９９３年３３年间，定量降雨预报从广泛依靠预报员经验的人工方法转变到更多依靠对数值模式的解释和修正３的方法，这是预报技术的一大进步。     

华北地区区域性暴雨综合预报技术

华北地区区域性暴雨综合预报技术是以ＨＬＡＦＳ数值降水预报产品为基础，以物理量诊断为主要依据，综合使用上卫星云图，常规气象资料和国内外数值预报产品等众多信息逐步订正，以人机结合方式制作华北地区区域性暴雨预报的技术。实验表明，该技术对华北暴雨有较好的判断和预报能力，其主要特点是；基本上模拟预报员的预报思维和业务流程制作暴雨预报１，系统分段执行，透明度大，便于改进，也有利于预报员了解暴发生发展的机理和规     

STUDY ON THE AIR-SEA INTERACTION ON THE INTERANNUAL TIME SCALE IN THE SOUTH CHINA SEA*

In this paper we document the correlationship between sea surface temperature(SST) and low level-winds such as sea level wind and 850 hPa wind in the South China Sea(SCS) based on COADS(1958-1987) and ECMWF objective analysis data(1973-1986).Further statistical analyses tell us that there is a fixed SCS basin mode for variations both of SST and low-level winds in the region on the interannual time scale due to air-sea interactions.A simplified,coupled model that is designed following the McCreary and Anderson's(1985) model and includes the feedback between the upper ocean and the circulation of East Asian monsoon demonstrates an interannual oscillation in the coupled air-sea system,which is similar to the observations in the SCS.     

NUMERICAL STUDY ON DOMINATING FACTOR AND KEY AREA OF EL NINO CYCLE FORMATION*

A coupled model,which is employed to study the dominating factor and key area of El Nino cycle formation,consists of a dynamical ocean model and a statistical atmospheric model.The coupled model with seasonal forcing successfully reproduces the El Nino event cycle which exhibits quasi-regular oscillations with a preferred period of about 4 years.The results show that the heat content(HC) is transported between the eastern and the western tropical Pacific areas.The spatial distribution of HC anomalies for four phases of the whole cycle clearly shows a possible formation mechanism of El Nino.Experiments further suggest that sea surface temperature in the tropical Pacific and HC in the central tropical Pacific are the most important factors and the central tropical Pacific is the most important area for determining formation of El Nino cycle.     

CT技术用于激光等离子体成象研究

本文研究适用于ＩＣＦ实验的ＣＴ技术，并已用于“星光Ⅱ”装置的激光等离子体的实验Ｘ光测量，重建出Ｘ光的三维分布，获得了有意义的结果，表明该技术在ＩＣＦ实验中的应用的可能性。     

第14届世界无损检测大会工业CT的层析成像技术

介绍了新近１４届世界无损检测大会有关情况，并对工业ＣＴ的发展动态进行了简要的分析。     

极隙区电子束流模电磁不稳定性

解析地研究了中高度（离他心3－4个地球半径）极隙区极低密度上行电子束流引起的沿磁力线传播的电磁个稳定性，上行电子束流和背景等离子体都考虑成冷等离子体．结果表明，上行电子引起的左旋和右旋圆偏振电磁来流模是不稳定的，当它与离子回旋模耦合时增长率达到最大值，频率色散关系仍为电子束流模特征这此结果对解释权隙区纬度地面站低频电磁波观测资料和理解极隙区动力学过程是很有益的．     

Advances in energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence

Recently, two new instruments for X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF) with interesting features for geochemical applications came to the market. Both instruments were designed to improve the peak to background ratio, the principal factor limiting the sensitivity of XRF. Total reflection XRF (TXRF) was designed to analyse extremely small sample amounts. An instrument, using polarised X-rays (P-XRF) for excitation, is designed to reduce scattered background in spectra of bulk samples. The performance of both instruments was compared with conventional XRF-methods and ICP/MS. Results for GXR-1, GXR-2, GXR-3, GXR-4 and GXR-6 obtained with TXRF and P-XRF are in good agreement with literature data. The effective amount of sample, analysed by TXRF was 200 μg only and detection limits of ~ l μg/g were achieved. P-XRF shows considerable improved detection limits (0.25–0.5 μg/g) for bulk samples for elements with atomic numbers 42–51 (Mo-Sb) compared with conventional XRF-methods.