Resonance and criticality measure of ground motions via probabilistic critical excitation method

Resonant characteristics of recorded ground motions are investigated and a new measure of criticality of ground motions is proposed. Four classes of recorded ground motions, i.e., (i) near fault motions (rock records), (ii) near fault motions (soil records), (iii) long duration motions (rock records) and (iv) long duration motions (soil records), are taken from Abrahamson N, Ashford S, Elgamal A, Kramer S, Seible F, Somerville P, Proc of First PEER Workshop on Characterization of Special Source Effects, 1998. It is shown that resonant characteristics of recorded ground motions can be captured appropriately by means of the probabilistic critical excitation method due to the present author regardless of the type of ground motions and the distance between the critical response and the actual one can be a new measure of criticality of ground motions. The time-averaged approximate treatment of nonstationary ground motions as stationary ones is shown to be adequate for structures with shorter natural periods subjected to long duration ground motions.     

地磁短周期变化异常对中国中强地震的响应

我们考察了发生在中国的１１个具有代表性的地震后发现。地震前地磁短周期转换函数的帕金森矢量或韦氏矢量指向震中方向，转换函数│Ａ│或│Ｂ│值明显偏离正常值以及总误差δｚ显著增大，均为未来地震的发生和震中方向提供了判断依据。应用此法，我们成功地预报了Ｍｓ５．１地震。中国地震科技工作者认为，震前地磁短周期变化异常是客观存在的。物理基础是清楚的，是有希望的地震短临预报方法。     

Analysis of structural fuzzy random seismic response

Ａｎａｌｙｓｉｓｏｆｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒａｌｆｕｚｚｙｒａｎｄｏｍｓｅｉｓｍｉｃｒｅｓｐｏｎｓｅ张跃，王光远ＹｕｅＺＨＡＮＧａｎｄＧｕａｎｇ－ＹｕａｎＷＡＮＧ１）（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＣｉｖｉｌＥｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇＴｓｉｎｇｈｕａＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔ...     

云南地区双震型地震序列中第二主震的前震识别

本文通过对双震型地震序列的地震波动力学特征的研究，提出了识别双震中第二主震前震的可能性。结果表明、在双震第一主震发生后，序列地震的Ｐ波垂直分量初动一致时，可依据波形来识别第二主震的前震；而初动不一致时有三种情况：１、两组初动中有一组Ｐ、Ｓ波振幅比仍保持为过原点的直线而另一组离散，２、两组初动的振幅比分别为过原点的直线；３、两组初动的振幅比共同组成过原点的直线，对前两种情况可识别第二主震的前震，最后一种情况难以识别。总体达６０－７０％的可识别率。     

伊通－舒兰断裂分段及地震危险性探讨

本文用地震活动性参数等地震学方法和用时间域小地震地震图测量震源物理参数及介质Ｑ值等震源参数方法，对伊通－舒兰断裂进行分段及地震危险性探讨。初步研究结果表明该断裂乌拉街－舒兰段（北段）、伊通－双阳段（南段）存在明显差异，北段介质强度大，易积累能量而发生较大地震。     

AN ATMOSPHERIC MOTION EQUATION BUILT ON THE CONSERVATIVE RELATIONSHIP OF THE ANGULAR MOMENTUM EXCHANGE BETWEEN THE SOLID EARTH AND THE ATMOSPHERE ON SEASONAL-ANNUAL TIMESCALE

Within the seasonal-annual timeseale,there exists an angular momentum conservative exchange relationship be-tween the solid earth and the atmosphere,and their angular momentum exchange not only can cause variations inlength-of-day(LOD)but also can express anomalies in atmospheric general circulation.Therefore,their angular mo-mentum exchange mechanism should be introduced into the general circulation model.Considering the angular momentum anomalous exchange caused by the air-earth interface friction effect,awhole-layer atmospheric motion equation is derived in this paper including the earth spin anomalous friction forceparameterized by using the change in the earth rotation rate.Through analysing the equation,it shows that the magni-tude of the earth spin anomalous friction force is the same as that of Coriolis force on seasonal-annual timescale.     

Horizontal layered structure with heterogeneity beneath continents and island arcs from particle orbits of long-period P waves

We investigate the particle orbits of long-period (about 20 s) P waves observed with the global seismic network. By analysing 84 three-component seismograms recorded at 25 stations from 60 earthquakes occurring beneath 300 km, we quantitatively evaluate the orbits by three sets of eigenvalues and eigenvectors, using a covariance matrix method. The eigenvalues for P waves recorded at stations located on continents are explained by the standard horizontal layered structure model (iasp91). On the other hand, the orbits observed at stations close to island arcs are affected not only by the horizontal layered structure but also by heterogeneity due to subducting plates, mantle diapirs and so on. On the basis of a single-scattering model for a plane P wave, we quantify the heterogeneities by an isotropic scattering coefficient g0. Fitting the theoretical eigenvalues to the observed ones, we estimate g0 for the crust and upper mantle beneath continents to be less than 0.0005 km^-1, and the mean g₀ for the structure beneath island arcs to be about 0.0015 to 0.003 km^-1.     

唐山响堂三维场地影响观测台阵

１９９４年７月中国地震局工程力学研究所在唐山余震区响堂镇建成了我国第一个三维场地影响观测台阵。该台阵目前有四个测点,分别布设在基岩地表、土层地表、地下１７ｍ和地下３２ｍ处。它安装了分辨率为１６位的井下数字观测系统,主机和从机同步运行,系统时钟采用Ｏｍｅｇａ导航信号自动校对（精度１ｍｓ）,地震数据采用固态方式（ＣＭＯＳ）存储,每个测点均布设一组 量力平衡式加速度计。该台阵自投入运行至１９９７年１２月     

A computational workflow for rupture‐to‐structural‐response simulation and its application to Istanbul

Scenario‐based earthquake simulations at regional scales hold the promise in advancing the state‐of‐the‐art in seismic risk assessment studies. In this study, a computational workflow is presented that combines (i) a broadband Green's function‐based fault‐rupture and ground motion simulation—herein carried out using the “UCSB (University of California at Santa Barbara) method”, (ii) a three‐dimensional physics‐based regional‐scale wave propagation simulation that is resolved at  Hz, and (iii) a local soil‐foundation‐structure finite element analysis model. These models are interfaced with each other using the domain reduction method. The innermost local model—implemented in ABAQUS—is additionally enveloped with perfectly matched layer boundaries that absorb outbound waves scattered by the structures contained within it. The intermediate wave propagation simulation is carried out using Hercules , which is an explicit time‐stepping finite element code that is developed and licensed by the CMU‐QUAKE group. The devised workflow is applied to a  km region on the European side of Istanbul, which was modeled using detailed soil stratigraphy data and realistic fault rupture properties, which are available from prior microzonation surveys and earthquake scenario studies. The innermost local model comprises a chevron‐braced steel frame building supported by a shallow foundation slab, which, in turn, rests atop a three‐dimensional soil domain. To demonstrate the utility of the workflow, results obtained using various simplified soil‐structure interaction analysis techniques are compared with those from the detailed direct model. While the aforementioned demonstration has a limited scope, the devised workflow can be used in a multitude of ways, for example, to examine the effects of shallow‐layer soil nonlinearities and surface topography, to devise site‐ and structure‐specific seismic fragilities, and for calibrating regional loss models, to name a few.     

地震地电方法在天祝—景泰6.2级地震前的预测预报

本文通过对天祝—景泰6.2级地震监测预报工作全过程的研究,展示了地电方法监测预报地震的新进展。另外,对如何运用地电场的分布变化规律及地电阻率异常时间、幅度的特征进行监测预报作了探讨。