广州市城市内涝特征分析

基于水务部门排水管理中心的内涝灾情信息,运用统计学等研究方法,分析广州市城市内涝分布特征,结果表明:广州全市内涝点最多的是中心城区天河,最少的是郊区的从化.全年发生内涝次数最多的月份是5、6月,最少的月份是2、12月;全天最容易发生内涝的时间是08:00、13:00和19:00.内涝发生时对应的最大小时雨量主要集中在5...     

Characteristic of the vertical seismic waves associated with the 1995 Hyogo‐ken Nanbu (Kobe), Japan earthquake estimated from the failure of the Daikai Underground Station

The dynamic behaviour of underground structures built by cut‐and‐cover methods is discussed. A simple model analysis shows that a column supporting the overburden at midspan (central column) can resonate upon incidence of an elastic wave of a specific frequency. The analytical results indicate that not only the size and material properties of the column, but also the static load acting on the column (overburden) is a decisive factor that influences the resonant frequency. Based on the results obtained by the analysis, the mechanism of the failure at the Daikai Underground Station in Kobe caused by the 1995 Hyogo‐ken Nanbu, Japan, earthquake is investigated. It is shown that the wave‐induced damage to underground structures can concentrate on the sections with specific overburden, and from the induced damage, it is possible to estimate the frequency characteristics of the associated seismic waves. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

汶川Ms8.0地震重灾区次生地质灾害遥感精细解译

汶川Ms8.0地震诱发了大量次生地质灾害, 主要包括崩塌、滑坡与泥石流等。在获取到全面的研究区震后多源遥感影像后, 采用人工目视解译的方法, 对14个重灾县(市)进行次生地质灾害解译工作, 共解译出约46560处崩塌、滑坡、泥石流等地震次生地质灾害, 灾害总面积约687.1km2。基于GIS平台获取到它们的位置、平面面积等基本信息, 绘制了研究区的地震次生地质灾害分布图与点密度图。结果表明, 本次地震次生地质灾害与龙门山3条主断裂有较好的对应关系, 且主要分布在4个集中区域。最后, 分析了地震次生地质灾害     

海洋放线菌H2003代谢产物中环二肽成分及其抗肿瘤活性的初步研究

海洋来源放线菌H2003发酵产物的粗提物对小鼠乳腺癌细胞tsFT210具有明显的细胞毒活性。为了发现其抗肿瘤活性成分,采用活性跟踪的分离方法,经多次硅胶柱色谱、凝胶柱色谱及高效液相色谱分离,从菌株H2003发酵液中分离得到了7个环二肽化合物。经核磁共振光谱、质谱和旋光分析,其结构分别鉴定为cyclo(L-Leu-L-Pro)(1),cyclo(D-Val-L-Pro)(2),cyclo(Gly-L-Leu)(3),cyclo(L-Pro-L-Try)(4),cyclo(Gly-D-Phe)(5),cyclo(Gly-L-Pro)(6)和cyclo(L-Ala-L-Phe)(7)。其中化合物1通过SRB法测试表现出弱的抗肿瘤活性,系首次报道。     

Advanced characterization of marine dissolved organic matter by combining reversed-phase liquid chromatography and FT-ICR-MS

Marine dissolved organic matter (DOM) was separated by reversed-phase (RP) liquid chromatography method and analyzed with fluorescence/absorption detection and Fourier transform ion cyclotron mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS). The three key characteristics of the RP method are: (a) The C18-RP column chosen provides enhanced separation when the aqueous phase is 100% buffer-free water, and it does not degrade over time; (b) the water eluent adjusted to pH 7 significantly improves the resolution of water soluble compounds; (c) the initial flow maintained at low levels improves the separation of polar compounds. In samples, containing “fresh” DOM, specific peaks were detected, which were absent in “old” DOM samples. The combination with size exclusion chromatography (SEC) also demonstrated the relation between polarity and molecular size of DOM. FT-ICR-MS was applied to evaluate the quality of separation on a molecular scale demonstrating that physico-chemical characteristics of DOM can be related to molecular formulas. Sample extracts were separated into 4 preparative fractions, and a large suite of the identified molecular formulas only occurred in specific fractions. This is an important basis for the application of further analytical techniques in order to perform a more target-oriented analysis aiming at the determination of source and process biomarkers for DOM.     

Three-dimensional modeling of tidal circulation and mixing over the Java Sea

A combination of a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model and in-situ measurements provides the structures of barotropic tides, tidal circulation and their relationship with turbulent mixing in the Java Sea, which allow us to understand the impact of the tides on material distribution. The model retains high horizontal and vertical resolutions and is forced by the boundary conditions taken from a global model. The measurements are composed of the sea level at coastal stations and currents at moorings embedded in Seawatch buoys, in addition to hydrographic data. The simulated tidal elevations are in good agreement with the data for the K₁ and M₂ constituents. The K₁ tide clearly shows the lowest mode resonance in the Java Sea with intensification around the nodal point in the central region. The M₂ tide is secondary and propagates westward from the eastern open boundary, along with a counterclockwise amphidromic point in the western part. The K₁ tide produces a major component of tidal energy, which flows westward and dissipates through the node region near the Karimata Strait. Meanwhile, the M₂ tide dissipates in the entire Java Sea. However, the residual currents are mainly induced by the M₂ tide, which flows westward following the M₂ tidal wave propagation. The tidal mixing is mainly caused by K₁ tide which peaks at the central region and is consistent with the uniform temperature and salinity along the vertical dimension. This mixing is expected to play an important role in the vertical exchange of nutrients and control of biological productivity.     

海绵共附生放线菌SH6004菌株中抗肿瘤活性成分的研究

研究共附生微生物,采用活性追踪的方法从1株海绵共附生放线菌SH6004的乙酸乙酯提取物中分离得到7个化合物,根据化合物的光谱特征和理化性质分别鉴定为N-甲基苯甲酰胺(1),2-苯甲酰氧基乙酸(2),对羟基苯乙酰胺(3),N-[2-(4-羟基苯基)乙基]乙酰胺(4),环-(丙-异亮)(5),尿嘧啶-2′-脱氧核苷(6)和胸腺嘧啶-2′-脱氧核苷(7).并利用SRB(丽丝胺罗丹明B)法,对7个单体化合物的体外抗肿瘤活性进行了初步评价,其中化合物3、6和7显示了弱的抗肿瘤活性.     

石英示踪物源研究进展

综述了石英的性质和它作为有效指示剂来示踪物源的理论基础,进而详细介绍了使用扫描电镜、质谱、电子自旋共振和阴极发光等仪器对石英矿物的表面微结构、氧同位素比值、形成年龄和阴极发光颜色等特征进行研究来追踪物源的方法以及这些方法的可行性。还根据近年来研究者应用石英矿物来示踪物源的研究进展提出了今后利用石英研究物源需要注意的4个问题。     

Construction of invariant tori for the spin-orbit problem in the mercury-sun system

The stability of spin-orbit resonances, namely commensurabilities between the periods of rotation and revolution of an oblate satellite orbiting around a primary body, is investigated using perturbation theory. We reduce the system to a model described by a one-dimensional, time-dependent Hamiltonian function. By means of KAM theory we rigorously construct bidimensional invariant surfaces, which separate the three dimensional phase space. In particular with a suitable choice of the rotation numbers of the invariant tori we are able to trap the periodic orbit associated with a given resonance in a finite region of the phase space. This technique is applied to the Mercury-Sun system. A connection with the probability of capture in a resonance is also provided.