1986年和1987年秋季西太平洋赤道附近海域的辐射状况

本文利用1986和1987年秋季在西太平洋赤道海域取得的短期辐射资料,分析了这一特定海域的辐射状况。揭示了所在海域太阳辐射的一些特征。这对了解该海域海气界面上的热状况以及它对所在海域天气气候的影响无疑都有帮助。     

农桐间作田的太阳辐射分布特征探讨

以试验区实测资料为基础，根据泡桐的树形特征和太阳辐射在树冠中的传播特性，建立了晴、昙、阴不同天气条件下各种密度农桐间作田内太阳辐射的分布模式，较好地体现了间作地辐射日变化趋势。并分析了影响辐射分布的因素，为配置合理的间作模式提供依据。     

从全波段太阳直射辐射确定大气气溶胶光学厚度 II：实验研究

本文通过比较太阳直射表和太阳光度计探测的大气柱气溶胶光学厚度，分析了从太阳直射表探测的全波段太阳直射光强信息确定大气柱气溶胶光学厚度的误差，并应用北京观象台的太阳直射表观测资料，反演得到了 1990—1993年北京大气柱气溶胶光学厚度，分析了该光学厚度月与年变化规律以及1991年菲律宾皮纳图博火山爆发对北京大气气溶胶含量的影响。本文还提出了关于有效水汽含量的一个经验关系式，用于确定水汽对太阳辐射的吸收率。     

青海省地震电磁辐射监测

本文概述了青海省电磁辐射台网的建设、台网特征、台网管理及映震效能。     

Electromagnetic radiation anomalies before moderate and strong earthquakes

Ｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｍａｇｎｅｔｉｃｒａｄｉａｔｉｏｎａｎｏｍａｌｉｅｓｂｅｆｏｒｅｍｏｄｅｒａｔｅａｎｄｓｔｒｏｎｇｅａｒｔｈｑｕａｋｅｓ关华平，刘桂萍Ｈｕａ－ＰｉｎｇＧＵＡＮａｎｄＧｕｉ－ＰｉｎｇＬＩＵ（ＣｅｎｔｅｒｆｏｒＡｎａｌｙｓｉｓａｎｄＰｒｅｄ...     

紫外线辐射增加对大豆的影响及其估算

在田间及盆栽试验中观测到经超量紫外线（UV280～400 nm）辐射处理的大豆作物，其株型、生理活动及产量均受到不同程度的影响，其影响量随UV辐射强度，大豆品种以及环境条件不同而异。文章还给出了计算紫外线辐射对大豆影响程度的公式，该计算方法效果较好。     

CLIMATIC CHARACTERISTICS OF EARTH-ATMOSPHERE OUTGOING LONGWAVE RADIATION OVER CHINA*

ERBE and ISCCP data are used to investigate the cloud forcing and latitude and atmospheric temperature effects on outgoing longwave radiation(OLR) in the earth-atmosphere system,and the similarity of OLR field to 500 hPa and surface effective radiation fields.Also,discussion is taken up of the OLR distribution on a nationwide basis,indicating that the winter(summer) OLR pattern is roughly a zonal type(asymmetrical saddle) with the annual pattern analogous to the January one.In the end the yearly OLR variation features are addressed on a regional basis.     

Investigation of relationship between cloudiness and global radiation using METEOSAT images

The relationship between the daily values of global radiation measured at the ground in the vicinity of Budapest and in the Hungarian Great Plain and two kinds of cloud parameters determined on the basis of METEOSAT analogue paper pictures was studied for the period between November 1981 and July 1983. One of the cloud parameters, the cloud coverage given in tenths, has a quadratic relationship with the surface global radiation. The other cloud parameter, the relative brightness, is in a good linear connection with the global radiation. The advantage of the first parameter is that its determination does not demand any technical equipment, but the second parameter is more objective. The comparison of the calculated global radiation values with the data measured shows that the precision of the formulae determined is good in both cases.     

Source mechanisms and microfracturing during uniaxial cycling of rock

Focal mechanisms for 116 acoustic emission events associated with uniaxial cyclic loading of Westerly granite have been investigated using P-wave first-motions. Polarities were observed at eight transducers positioned on the sample to provide good azimuthal coverage. The P-wave radiation patterns can be fit by a quadrupole source but not by a simple pure tensional source. The predominant orientations of the two nodal planes for the quadrupole fit were subparallel to and perpendicular to the ₁ direction. Events with close hypocenters, i.e., within a radius of 3 mm, display a remarkable similarity in focal mechanisms irrespective of the cycle or time within a cycle at which they occur. The polarity observations of 48 of 116 acoustic emission events could be fit with the simple quadrupole indicating that the microfracturing processes even in uniaxial compression often simplistically portrayed as propagating axial cracks are indeed quite complex.     

Total precipitable water in the atmosphere over India

Electromagnetic radiation, in its passage through the atmosphere, is attenuated by absorption and scattering by atmospheric gases, dust and aerosols. The most important absorber is water vapour and the most significant parameter in atmospheric absorption studies is the total precipitable water in the atmosphere. The present paper summarises the results of a study made to compute the total precipitable water in the atmosphere over India using radiosonde and other data, as part of a programme for the computation of direct, global and diffuse solar radiation at the ground from the solar constant. Using values of air temperature and dew point from the ground up to 250 mb at 19 radiosonde stations and surface water vapour mixing ratio values at 105 surface observatories in India, precipitable water amounts have been computed for 124 stations, for each month and for the whole year. The paper describes the techniques used to extend the total precipitable water amounts derived from radiosonde data at 19 stations to 124 stations covering the major climatic zones in the country and presents the results in the form of 12 maps showing the spatial and temporal distribution of total precipitable water over India