Carius管溶样-标准加入电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定土壤中碘

建立了利用Carius管提取与标准加入电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定土壤中碘的方法。样品用φ=10%的NH.H2O溶液于密封的Carius管中150℃提取4 h,溶液适当稀释后离心分离沉淀,取出5等份样品上清液,分别加入不同浓度的碘标准储备液,用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定溶液中的碘,以126Te作为内标。应用该方法分析了土壤国家一级标准物质GBW07404、GBW 07406、GBW 07407中碘的含量分别为(9.58±0.02)μg/g、(19.83±0.01)μg/g和(18.88±0.03)μg/g。分析结果与标准值相符。碘的检出限为0.02μg/g。     

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定高纯金属锡中痕量杂质元素

采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定高纯金属锡中9种痕量元素。用HCl、H2O2和HNO3溶解样品，对分析谱线和仪器工作参数进行了优化选择，利用基体匹配消除干扰。加标实验表明，回收率为98％-102％，相对标准偏差（n=6）低于2．1％，检出限为0．1-8．5μg/L。方法准确、可靠，可满足高纯金属锡中的痕量金属元素的快速分析要求。     

Magion-4 High-Altitude Cusp Study

The polar cusps have traditionally been described as narrow funnel-shaped regions of magnetospheric magnetic field lines directly connected to magnetosheath ones, allowing the magnetosheath plasma to precipitate into the ionosphere. However, recent middle- to high-altitude observations (i.e., the Interball, Hawkeye, Polar, Image, and Cluster spacecraft) reported the cusps to encompass a broad area near local noon. The present paper focuses on a statistical study of the high-altitude cusp and surrounding magnetosheath regions as well as on some peculiarities of the cusp-magnetosheath transition. For a comparison of high- and low-altitude cusp determination, we present a mapping of two-year Magion-4 (a part of the Interball project) observations of cusp-like plasma along model magnetic field lines (according to the Tsyganenko 96 model) down to the Earth’s surface. The footprint positions show a substantial latitudinal dependence on the dipole tilt angle. The dependence can be fitted by a line with a slope of 0.14° MLAT per 1° of tilt. In contrary to previously reported IMF or solar wind influences on the cusp shape or location, some differences exist: (1) a possible IMF B_X dependence of the cusp location, (2) a split cusp for B_Y≠ 0, and (3) a smaller cusp during periods of higher solar wind dynamic pressure. The conclusions following from the statistical analysis are confirmed by case studies which reveal the physical mechanisms leading to the observed phenomena. Results have shown that (1) reconnection near the cusp does not necessarily lead to observable precipitation, (2) the cusp precipitation in one hemisphere can be supplied from the conjugate hemisphere, and (3) the cusp geometry at a certain time depends on the IMF history.     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射全谱直读光谱仪测定地质样品中的钽

采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射全谱直读光谱仪,以HF-HNO3-HClO4-HCl溶样,不经分离富集,直接测定地质样品(岩石、水系沉积物、土壤)中Ta。方法检出限可达0. 8μg/g。通过国家一级标准物质测试和其他样品以不同方法测定相比较,测定结果基本一致;GBW 07309标准物质6次测定的相对标准偏差(RSD)为12. 0%。     

高频熔样等离子体发射光谱标准加入法测定刚玉中硅钛

以Li2B4O7 为熔剂高频电感熔样,等离子体发射光谱标准加入法测定了刚玉中的硅和钛。方法的检出限Si为0. 05mg/L,Ti为0. 02mg/L;线性浓度上限Si为40mg/L,Ti为80mg/L;回收率为95. 2% ~104. 3%;RSD(n=6)为0. 88% ~1. 36%。     

慧星等离子物理

The recent advances of comctary physics are outlined.     

离子彗星的稳定性

介绍了彗星等离子体的结构和稳定性的研究情况，着重于离子彗尾，更着重于介绍在这方面国内的工作。     

分析测量不确定度的评定表达与实践

以电感耦合等离子体质谱法测量自来水中的硼为例，介绍了分析测量不确定度的评定步骤，讨论了在分析测量实践中不确定度来源的确定、定量、贡献与合成。     

难熔元素铌钽铀锆在电热蒸发—等离子体发射光谱中氟化蒸发行为研究

提出了以聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)为氟化剂,氟化辅助ETV-ICP-AES测定难熔元素Nb、Ta、Zr和U的新方法。对待测元素的氟化蒸发行为进行了研究,并探讨了其相应的氟化蒸发机理。该法测定Nb、Ta、Zr和U的线性范围达4个数量级,检出限分别为50、90、16和120pg。     

三烷基氧膦纤维素富集－感耦等离子体质谱法测定地质样品中钨钼锡

研究了三烷基氧膦（ＴＲＰＯ）纤维素色层分离富集痕量元素Ｗ、Ｍｏ和Ｓｎ的条件，根据吸附与洗脱实验中的现象初步探讨了ＴＲＰＯ与Ｗ、Ｍｏ、Ｓｎ的反应机理。以Ｒｈ为内标采用感耦等离子体质谱法进行测定。标准加入回收率为９８％～１０１％；Ｗ、Ｍｏ、Ｓｎ的测定下限分别为０．０２、０．０１、０．１μｈ／ｇ；重复取样测定的ＲＳＤ（ｎ＝１５）均小于１０％。经对地球化学标准物质分析，结果与推荐值相符。