林县深浅构造与小震活动的关系

叙述了林县的小震活动,区域地球物理场与深浅构造特征、小震区的重力变化,得出林县小震活动受该区深浅构造控制的结论。     

大地震震级测定及速报

为了研究在强烈地震发生时,记录图最大振幅出格,如何决速测定强震震级这一实用化很强的问题,在用面波持续时间及测定体波震级方法的基础上。本文用云南1988年11月发生在澜沧、耿马地区的两次M_S≥7.0的地震资料(由全国基准台网SK仪器记录的地震图),进一步研究用这两种方法快速测定大地震震级作为速报方法的可能性。研究结果表明,用归算的面波持续时间测定M_S作为大震速报,一般需要等待从地震图初至后延10—20分钟的时间,而用体波测定震级m_B作为大震速报仅需要等待从初至后延数秒至5分钟左右。因此,是最为实用的大震速报方法。其优点在于图上最先到达的总是体波,对于M_S≥7.0的地震,体波振幅往往不限幅,这种特征满足强震测定和大震速报的需要。本文用澜沧、耿马两次大震的资料,对这两种方法作了较好的比较和检验。用收集到的约1500多个中强地震的面波震级和体波震级数据,经验统计给出两者之间的线性关系为M_S=1.55mg-3.47。     

Research on determining the annual earthquake occurrence rates of potential seismic source areas

To actually reflect the seismic temporal-spatial inhomogeneity of intra continental strong earthquakes of North China in seismic hazard analysis, several seismological and geological characteristics have been selected and quantized to describe the seismicity features in time and space of every magnitude interval with the thought of dividing the interesting magnitude range into several intervals and using of spatial probability distribution function. A component analysis method with orthogonal transformation is introduced to avoid the repeated use of the same element and the subjective effects in determining the annual earthquake occurrence rates of earthquake. By passing synthetic fuzzy judgement on the nonintercorrelated new characteristics, the annual occurrence rates of every magnitude interval of each potential source area are obtained associated with the adjustments of earthquake reducing process after the occurrence ofM>7 quake. An intensity map of the Beijing-Tianjin-Zhangjiakou area is calculated as an example which shows a close coincidence with the seismic temporal-spatial inhomogeneity of North China. The Chinese version of this paper appeared in the Chinese edition ofActa Seismologica Sinica,13, 496–504, 1991.     

即将通用的矩震级标度Mw──远震震级测定工作综述

本文从地震观测数据的利用角度出发，讨论世界范围内远震震级的测定问题。笔者认为，现震级标度存在的弊病是：震级饱和，测值偏差大，过分依赖频率的变动以及需要各种校正等。体波震级的问题大于面波；周期较短的震相问题大于周期较长的震相问题。矩震级标度将逐渐取代依据变幻不定的各种地震波的观用的各种标度。对于远震，长周期地震仪记录的面波震级Ｍｓ将得以发展，成为矩震级的一种辅助标度。本文最后提出了矩震级标度实行后，历史地震震级和区域地震震级如何与之衔接的初步设想。     

辽宁省及邻近地区较大地震震级的测定方法

本文使用１９８６年至１９９１年期间沈阳遥测地震台网记录到的１４５３次地震的持续时间资料（２．０≤Ｍ＿Ｌ≤６．１级、５ｋｍ＜△＜１０００ｋｍ），求得了辽宁省及其邻近地区多台多幅度持时震级的经验公式，结果表明，这种震级误差小，应用范围为Ｍ＿Ｌ≤６．０级，解决了限幅地震无法计算震级的难题．     

Expected magnitude and distance of potential source area and the estimating method

ＥｘｐｅｃｔｅｄｍａｇｎｉｔｕｄｅａｎｄｄｉｓｔａｎｃｅｏｆｐｏｔｅｎｔｉａｌｓｏｕｒｃｅａｒｅａａｎｄｔｈｅｅｓｔｉｍａｔｉｎｇｍｅｔｈｏｄＭｅｎｇ－ＴｔａｎＧＡＯ（高孟潭）（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＧｅｏｐｈｙｓｉｃｓ，ＳｔａｔｅＳｅｉｓｍｏｌｏｇ...     

1902年与1906年两次新疆强震震级

根据古堡－里克特＜＜全球地震活动性＞＞一书未公开发表的手稿记录的１９０２年新疆喀什地震与１９０６年玛纳斯地震震级资料，严格地按照古登保震级计算公式和程序，对这两次地震震级进行了复算，并指出现今所公开发表的强震目录中其震级间差异的原因。认为：１９０２年８月２２日新疆喀什地震震级取ＭＳ＝８ １／４，１９０６年１２月２３日玛纳斯地震震级取ＭＳ＝７．９较为合适。     

由CDSN数据测定IPz分量谱震级初探

本文尝试用ＣＤｓＮ的ＩＰｚ分量强震记录来测定谱震级。通过对测出的谱震级ｍ＿（Ｔ）与体波震级ｍ＿（Ｂ）、ｍ＿（ｂ）的相关分析，得出其反映震源特性的峰值，出现在周期Ｔ＝１秒左右。此外，谱震级还有随周期而变化的特性。根据谱震级与能量的关系，推导了它的通用形式为ａｍ＿（Ｔ）＝ｌｏｇ（Ｅ／Ｅ０）（式中ａ＝２，ｌｏｇＥ＿０＝５．６）。它的最高震级为９．６级。运用谱震级的通用形式对本文测定的４个谱震级进行检验，结果表明它比传统方法测定的ＩＰｚ分量体波震级ｍ＿（Ｂ）系统偏小０．３１级。因谱震级是扣除了介质滞弹性吸收影响后的产物，故这种偏差是比较合理的。     

Groundwater exploration using integrated geophysical techniques

The integrated approach to solving complicated geological, hydrological and environmental problems is now widely used in geophysics. Among all the geophysical methods, electrical and electromagnetic techniques are the most popular in groundwater exploration due to the close relationship between electrical conductivity and some hydrogeological properties of the aquifer (e.g. porosity, clay content, mineralization of the groundwater and degree of water saturation). Case histories presented here show that by proper combination of different techniques such as conventional direct current (DC) resistivity as well as the more advanced electromagnetic (EM) methods and the most recent nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) tomography, the reliability of interpretation as compared to that typical for the individual methods can be significantly improved.