一种应用于三峡滑坡探测的新方法-SNMR法

三峡库区蓄水后,由于水位上升滑坡地区的软弱层遇到水就会变软并引起滑塌。核磁共振是当今世界尖端技术之一,我们首先将该技术应用于滑坡探查。本文探讨了用SNMR探查滑坡的方法技术以及通过SNMR实测数据求取与滑坡稳定性有关的水文地质参数,通过一个三峡的实例说明了该方法是一种快速有效的探测滑坡的方法。     

兰州数字遥测台网面波震级的对比研究

对比了兰州数字遥测地震台网所测定的速度震级与仿真位移震级、中国地震局平均震级之间的差异,分析了它们之间的相关程度、一致性、差异性。初步结果表明,兰州数字遥测台网测定的震级比中国地震局平均震级略高0．05,这种偏差在测量误差允许范围之内,并且数字台网资料直接测定的速度震级与位移震级的一致性较好,震级测定的连续性要求基本可以保证。     

High-frequency ground motion from Australian earthquakes

The dominant high-frequency component of ground motion for most seismic events in Australia comes from the crustal Lg phase that can commonly propagate efficiently to considerable distances across the continent. Using results from recent tomography for the attenuation of Lg, we are able to build the pattern of transmission of ground motion from events within the continent. The effects are readily displayed in terms of a distribution of effective magnitude. The same approach can also be used to look at the cumulative effects across the continent from 1840 to date as a useful complement to other ways of assessing earthquake potential.     

利用双井筒大水平距对接井钻井技术热力开采天然气水合物

分析了国内外天然气水合物的研究现状及天然气水合物开采中的问题,在此基础上,介绍了俄罗斯提出的运用双井简大水平距定向对接智能井钻井技术,利用核废料产生的热量开采天然气水合物的具有专利技术的一种新方法,简述了其开采原理及开采过程,可为我国天然气水合物的开采研究提供参考借鉴。     

核地球化学闪烁着先哲的智慧和创新的光辉——纪念侯德封院士诞辰100周年

60年代初,我国著名的地质学家、地球化学家侯德封院上,在他40多年从事地质矿产调查和研究的基础上,运用现代核物理学的基本原理,创立并系统提出了”核地球化学”的基本原理、研究对象、内容和方法,并于1961年发表了著名的《核子地球化学》。随后,在不断补充、修正和完善核地球化学理论的基础上,侯德封先生发表了有关地球物质演化的能源、地球演化的阶段性、核转变的产物对地球的化学成分及同位素组成变异的影响等内容的、为地球科学向更探的物质层次发展具有巨大推动作用的《核转变能与地球物质的演化》科学专著,从而开辟了地球科学一个崭新的领域——核地球化学。 侯德封先生在核地球化学领域上的丰硕成就与在学术上严谨的学风无不闪烁着一位先哲的智慧和创新的光辉。     

Review of the source characteristics of the Great Sumatra–Andaman Islands earthquake of 2004

The December 26, 2004 Sumatra–Andaman Island earthquake, which ruptured the Sunda Trench subduction zone, is one of the three largest earthquakes to occur since global monitoring began in the 1890s. Its seismic moment was M ₀ = 1.00 × 10²³–1.15 × 10²³ Nm, corresponding to a moment-magnitude of M _w = 9.3. The rupture propagated from south to north, with the southerly part of fault rupturing at a speed of 2.8 km/s. Rupture propagation appears to have slowed in the northern section, possibly to ∼2.1 km/s, although published estimates have considerable scatter. The average slip is ∼5 m along a shallowly dipping (8°), N31°W striking thrust fault. The majority of slip and moment release appears to have been concentrated in the southern part of the rupture zone, where slip locally exceeded 30 m. Stress loading from this earthquake caused the section of the plate boundary immediately to the south to rupture in a second, somewhat smaller earthquake. This second earthquake occurred on March 28, 2005 and had a moment-magnitude of M _w = 8.5.     

核测井曲线综合纵向响应函数与分辨率分析

对核测井曲线进行付氏变换,其纵向分辨率可以从分析振幅谱斜率变化中获得。核测井仪器的纵向响应函数不仅与仪器的结构有关,而且还含有与探测介质有关的参数。在地层界面处的曲线变化中提取出测井曲线的综合纵向响应函数。结果证实核测井曲线的纵向响应函数与仪器的固有纵向响应函数不一致。核测井曲线的综合响应函数不仅取决于仪器的响应函数,而且受测量速度、采样率,地面仪器记录方式等因素的影响。     

实现地震预测的可能性和地震预测技术的探索方向

建议采用地震预测和地震预报两种含义不同的术语。严格的地震预测必须包括地点、时间、震级3个参数。用实例分析了在现代科学技术条件下预测这3个参数的可能性，认为总体上以一定准确度预测发震地点相对容易些，实现对发震时间和震级的准确预测的可能性较小，除有前震外，多数情况下对大地震作出完整的、精确的短、临预测还较困难。应对准震源和地壳内部过程，以发展观测技术和积累数据为重心，继续坚持地震预测技术的探索。     

导电性对地面核磁共振信号的影响研究

与其它勘探方法相比,核磁共振(NuclearMagneticResonance,缩写NMR)的方法是直接勘探地下水中NMR信号的唯一有效方法,该信号的初始振幅决定了含水层深度及自由水的含量。但在实际工作中,大地导电性对含水地层中的NMR信号有直接影响,使得同样脉冲矩条件下,勘探深度有变化。为了评价大地(岩石)导电性对勘探深度的影响,建立了一个地面找水模型,对NMR信号进行数值模拟。仿真结果表明,NMR信号的振幅可以评价含水地层的结构,但大地导电性的增强将导致勘探深度的降低。     

The November 14, 2001 west of Kunlun Mountain Pass earthquake: An earthquake with unsaturated surface wave magnitude

Introduction According to the Rapid Earthquake Information Release of CNDSN (Department of Earth- quake Monitoring and Prediction, China Earthquake Administration, 2002), an earthquake with surface wave magnitude MS=8.1 shook west of Kunlun Mountain Pass (KMP) at the juncture of Xinjiang, Qinghai and Xizang on November 14, 2001. This is the largest and the only MS>8.0 earthquake in Chinese mainland over 50 years since the August 15, 1950 MS=8.6 (MW=8.6) Chayuearthquake in Tibeta…