Neutron monitor latitude surveys at aircraft altitudes

The Space Research Unit operates four stationary neutron monitors and it has conducted several latitude surveys with mobile neutron monitors. Our sea-level surveys have resulted in a clear identification of drift effects in the modulation. We have also conducted several latitude surveys at aircraft altitudes, the data of which have primarily been used to study the barometric attenuation coefficient of a neutron monitor, as well as cutoff rigidities in the Cape Town Magnetic Anomaly. In this contribution we present differential response functions of these aircraft surveys, and conclude that the drift effect is not detectable in them.     

高精度GPS形变监测的新方法及模型研究

提出了用GPS定位技术进行变形监测的一种新方法及模型，利用在变形监测点和基准点上实测的载波相位观测值组成双差观测值（含双差整周模糊度），用变形监测点和基准点较精确的先验位置及卫星位置来计算另一个双差值，从基准点和变形监测点的双差观测值的变异中直接提取出变形矢量。如果变形量很小，对双差观测值的影响远小于1周，则在数据处理时可绕开“周跳的探测与修复”及“整周模糊度的确定”等问题，使数据处理大为简化。用测试软件对实际观测资料进行了处理，计算结果表明本方法的原理及数字模型的正确的。初步结果表明其平面位置精度能达到2－3mm，高程方向精度为3－4mm。     

提高金矿地质样品制样质量的途径

金矿地质样品制备过程中，粒度和质量是保证样品代表性的关键，在此基础上，把握好样品缩分，细碎工艺2个环节，即可获得较为理想的分析样品，提高金矿地质样品制样质量应增加样品采集次数，有效控制损失率，建立快速高效的质量反馈机制，从而进一步提高“采加化”工作质量。     

利用普通水准仪高精度监测建筑基础沉降

介绍了利用普通水准仪高精度监测建筑基础沉降的特制器具和设备 ,叙述了相关的观测要领、方法及精度指标     

北京遥测地震台网中心监测台

为适应华北联网后的北京遥测地震台网中心监测工作的扩展，研制了ＢＪＣ－２型北京遥测台网中心监测台，本监测台可溶纳７５路地震信息，可对台网的运行情况一目了然。维护台网的同时可方便与外台维修人员对话，设有故障告警，地震造警及定时告警，本监测台具有１８项功能，为地震监测值班人员提供了监控和检测的方便条件。     

Induced seismicity in mines in Canada—An overview

Monitoring of mine-induced seismicity in Canada has improved with the expansion of regional seismograph networks into areas of active mining. However, the severity, and in some cases the frequency, of mine-induced tremors has increased as mining extends to greater depths and at accelerated rates of extraction. Because of the complex design and large areal extent of many mines (potash, coal and metalliferous), the most feasible and practical way to monitor these tremors at the present time is to deploy a network of seismometers in and on the surface above mines experiencing microearthquake activity. A few of these mines already have a network of seismometers deployed around them and plans are under way to deploy seismograph networks around other mines that have experienced some rather severe tremors in recent times. Six possible mechanisms for mine-induced tremors are described and the associatedP- andS-wave radiation patterns presented. A comparison of actual seismic radiation patterns with theoretical predictions is a quick way to diagnose the potential source mechanisms. In addition, recognizing the pattern of microearthquake activity preceding larger tremors can be used to mitigate the potential effects of severe tremors.     

煤层顶板"两带"高度的微地震监测技术

主要介绍了中国和澳大利亚两个煤矿在长壁开采过程中的微地震监测成果，并进行了深入的理论分析和研究。该监测的主要目的是动态测定煤层开采过程中顶板岩石“两带”（冒落带和裂隙带）的发展规律和高度，以指导相邻采区留设合理的防水或防砂煤柱。观测结果表明：研究区域“两带”的最大高度均没有到达煤层上方的含水层，顶板突水的可能性非常小，这一结果与实际情况符合；同时也表明微地震监测是确定“两带”高度及设计防水和防砂煤柱的一种可靠手段。     

华东农田秸秆燃烧对常州大气环境的影响

为研究2012年6月6—15日华东农田秸秆燃烧对江苏省常州市大气环境的可能影响,利用中分辨率成像光谱仪(MODIS)火点探测数据、气溶胶光学厚度(AOD)数据、臭氧监测仪(OMI)的二氧化氮(NO2)柱含量密度、大气红外探空仪(AIRS)的一氧化碳(CO)柱含量密度和地面监测的PM_(2.5)、NO_2、CO浓度等数据,结合天气形势和后向轨迹分析的方法进行了系统的分析。监测数据表明:华东地区2012年6月火点数目分别在9日和13日出现高值,分别达到1714和1654个;AOD、NO_2柱含量密度、CO柱含量密度与火点的变化趋势大致相同。利用HYSPLIT前向轨迹模式和火点分布可知:到达常州的高低空气流均经过火点源区时,地面和大气柱污染物浓度发生显著的协同变化;而当到达常州的高低空气流传输轨迹不同时,地面和大气柱污染物浓度变化趋势不一致。本次常州地区污染事件主要是由山西、河北、河南、山东、安徽、江苏北部的秸秆燃烧排放的大气污染物经大气高空传输扩散所致。     

多道轻便地震数据采集系统

详细介绍了４８道浅震仪数据采集系统的硬件组成及各部分的工作原理,并介绍了浅震仪数据采集系统的基本软件流程及编制软件原理。     

Multiplex PCR Sets of Novel Microsatellite Loci for Iwagaki Oyster Crassostrea nippona and Their Application in Parentage Assignment

Iwagaki oyster,Crassostrea nippona,widely distributes along the seashore of Eastern Asia,and has been considered to be a potential breeding species due to its delicious taste and high commercial value.In order to study its genetic background and population structure,we developed 46 novel polymorphic microsatellite markers using next-generation sequencing technique and characterized them in 30 individuals.The number of alleles ranged from 3 to 22,while the observed and expected heterozygosities varied from 0.133 to 1.000 and 0.455 to 0.949,respectively.Fifteen microsatellite markers were selected and grouped into five highly informative multiplex PCRs for C.nippona.We evaluated and validated these multiplex PCRs in a cultured population including 173 candidate parents and 486 offspring.In actual parentage analysis,80%of the offspring were correctly assigned to their parental pairs using three multiplex PCRs.Furthermore,the success rate of parentage assignment reached 96%when the other two multiplex PCRs were added.These 46 microsatellite loci with high variability and the five multiplex PCRs described here provide a powerful tool for pedigree reconstruction,resource conservation and selective breeding program of C.nippona.