硅酸盐矿物氧同位素组成的激光分析

对于红外激光系统和紫外激光系统 ,由于它们加热样品的反应机理完全不同 ,决定了它们在稳定同位素地球化学分析中的不同使用范围。根据对CO2 激光系统分析地球化学样品的实践 ,发现对结果产生干扰的因素有 :(1)石英的粒径效应 ;(2 )微量样品接收电压过低 ;(3)分子筛的吸附能力 ;(4 )系统中的吸附水 ;(5 ) 14 N19F+ 对δ17O值的影响。由于石英的粒径效应而导致细粒石英 (粒径<2 5 0 μm)的δ18O值偏低 ,可以采用不聚焦激光的快速加热法来解决。由于样品量太少而决定了样品气体接收电压过低 ,导致δ18O值出现系统偏高或偏低 ,可以利用校正曲线对结果进行校正。分子筛吸附性能的下降会产生氧同位素的分馏 ,因此确定分子筛的使用寿命非常重要。系统中的吸附水利用氟化物试剂预氟化来去除 ,重要的是应避免在预氟化的过程中产生大量的HF腐蚀激光系统的BaF2 窗口玻璃并与部分矿物样品发生反应。     

多功能测量仪器检定场设计要点

在测距仪检定场的基础上建立GPS接收机检定场，使两者有机地结合一起，形成一个多功能测量仪器检定场，是一个独特的、新颖的创意。多功能检定场不仅可以检定测距仪、而且可以检定GPS接收机的静态和动态精度，其功能大大提高。文章结合实际工作，主要阐述了多功能测量仪器检定场的设计要点，也对其功能特点作了介绍。     

石岛地震台远震记录反演研究

利用石岛地震台的远震体波记录,采用旋转相关函数法和接收函数法分别反演了台站下方介质的各向异性特征和速度结构.(1)对震中距25°~35°且记录良好的5次地震的ScS震相,采用旋转相关函数法反演了岩石圈的剪切波分裂参数.对深源地震的反演结果表明,石岛地震台快波偏振方向为N94°E,这意味着西沙附近处于近东西向微偏南的拉张或地壳下方的地幔流方向为近东西微偏南,西沙地区地壳是过渡性的,其底部的驱动力主要来自与欧亚板块运动一致的物质流.快慢波时间延迟为1.3 s,估算各向异性层厚度为100 km左右.(2)对震中距20°~60°的9次远震P波波形三分向记录,采用接收函数法反演了地壳和上地幔的S波速度结构.反演结果表明,石岛地震台下方地壳分为3层:约5 km以上有一速度梯度带,S波速度从1.5 km/s逐渐增加到3.5 km/s,其间有若干小的分层;在5~16 km的平均速度为3.8 km/s左右,其间有若干小的分层;在16.0~26.5 km的速度为3.6 km/s左右,这是一个明显的低速层;莫霍面埋深为26.5 km,莫霍面以下平均速度为4.7 km/s,也有若干小的分层,尤其是在莫霍面之下有一个明显的低速层.根据转换波到时分析和速度剖面左右摆动现象,认为反演结果中的小分层可能是不真实的,但在16.0~26.5 km的低速层的真实程度还是较高的,表明下地壳具有一定的塑性.     

The Operation of Multi-beam Receiver of Delingha 13.7 m Telescope

Delingha 13.7 m telescope is one of the most important radio telescopes in China. Since installing the superconducting spectroscopic array receiver (SSAR) and adopting the On The Fly (OTF) observation mode, the telescope has operated for nearly 10 years. During this period, a large number of astronomical observation projects have been carried out and completed, a large amount of astronomical data have been accumulated, and a series of important scientific results have been achieved. This paper introduces the operating status of SSAR in astronomical observations, the problems in operations, as well as the fault phenomena and solutions. The performance test and performance analysis of SSAR are described in detail, including the receiver noise temperature and telescope system noise temperature, image rejection ratio (IRR), receiver stability, beam performance and so on. The updating and development of SSAR are listed, including the automatic adjustment of LO (Local Oscillator) power, the updating of pre-amplification circuits of the sideband separation superconducting mixer, and the optimization of control program, etc. This paper summarizes the experiences and rules, and connects the past with the future, for applying the experiences of the maintenance and operation of SSAR to the next-generation large-scale receiver system.     

GPS软件接收机捕获算法的研究

为了提高GPS软件接收机信号捕获的速度,提出了一种GPS卫星C/A码信号捕获的新方法(这种方法具有Gold码的性质)。并证明了多颗卫星信号的相关性可以在同一次相关性计算过程中同时处理完成,在一次捕获卫星信号过程中可同时捕获多颗卫星信号。     

利用MVDR算法削弱多波束测深声纳的隧道效应

分析了海底多波束测深声纳中存在的隧道效应及其产生机理,指出旁瓣干扰是引起隧道效应的重要因素,隧道效应的出现导致多波束测深声纳把相对平坦的海底误测成凹面向上的水平半圆柱面海底地形。研究了基于GSC结构的自适应波束形成算法,推导提出了MVDR算法的连续自适应实现方案,并利用该算法对多波束测深声纳湖试数据中存在的隧道效应进行处理,结果表明该算法能够有效削弱多波束测深数据边缘波束中存在的旁瓣干扰。     

顾及坡度和高程的多波束测深数据抽稀算法

海底地形数据是进行海洋科学研究、工程建设的重要数据源,水深信息作为海底地形数据的基础信息,反映了海底地形的起伏变化。因此,如何有效地处理水深数据成为海洋测绘的重点研究内容。为解决海量多波束测深数据的数据冗余问题,提出了一种顾及坡度和高程的多波束测深数据抽稀算法,能够兼顾数据抽稀的精度和地形特征点的保留。考虑到存在含有空洞、凹边界等局部空白区域的多波束测深数据,首先利用Alpha Shape算法提取测深数据局部空白区域的边界点;然后采用坡度和高程相结合的抽稀算法删除冗余点,得到抽稀结果。在实验区内,通过与基于坡度抽稀、顾及地形复杂度抽稀和基于系统抽稀算法进行对比实验,结果表明：(1)本文抽稀算法在测深数据局部空白区域生成的等深线较上述抽稀算法更贴近原始测深数据等深线的形态,可以有效保持地形形态完整性;(2)对不同地形的测深数据进行抽稀,本文算法的精度较上述抽稀算法均有不同程度的提升,尤其抽稀率较低时,本文算法较上述算法在MSE分别提升了16%、27%、14%和10%、36%、2%,RMSE分别提升了7%、12%、7%和5%、17%、3%,体现了本文算法对不同地形多波束测深数据抽稀的有效性...     

Study of crustal thickness and poisson’s ratio of the south of Erenhot area by teleseismic receiver function

The Xing’an Mongolian Orogenic Belt (XMOB) and the northern margin of North China Craton (NCC) have undergone multistage tectonic superimposition and the tectonic evolution is extremely complicated. We collect the teleseismic data of 44 temporary broadband seismic stations deployed in the XMOB and the northern margin of NCC to calculate the P wave receiver functions. The crustal thickness and average crustal ratio as well as the Poisson’s ratios beneath 33 stations are estimated using the H-κ stacking method. The results show: (1) the crustal thickness of the study area ranges from 38.7 to 42.7 km, with an average thickness of 41.2 km. There is a great difference in crustal thickness on both sides of Solonker suture zone. The characteristics of crustal thickness support the geodynamic model that the Paleo-Asian Ocean subducted and closed at the Solonker suture zone. (2) The Poisson’s ratios in the study area are low, ranging from 0.215 to 0.277, with an average value of 0.243, suggesting that the rock composition of the area is dominated by felsic-acid rocks. (3) There exists a negative correlation between the Poisson’s ratio and the crustal thickness. Combined with the lower values of Poisson’s ratio, we speculate that the delamination is the major mechanism in crustal extension and thinning in the study area.