NGC 3603星团中的大质量逃逸双星

非团环境中的大质量恒星以及大质量双星的起源是理解大质量恒星形成和演化的关键问题之一. 年轻大质量星团内的动力学交会过程是产生大质量逃逸星的重要途径之一. 选取了银河系内年轻大质量星团NGC 3603外围的两个碰撞星风系统候选体MTT68A和MTT71作为研究对象, 通过分析\emphChandra X射线观测以及\emphGaia第2批数据发布(DR2)中的天体测量结果, 研究它们作为相互作用的大质量双星系统的起源. X射线数据的分析表明, 它们的X射线能谱中存在Fe XXV发射线成分; 相较于普通O型星, 以双温等离子体模型拟合得到偏高的高温成分温度($\gtrsim$2.0keV), 并且X射线光度与热光度的比值也较高($\gtrsim10^{-5.8     

第二个天体测量卫星(Gaia)项目的进展

简述了第二个天体测量卫星Gaia(将于2013年3月发射)项目的科学意义,并给出了该项目的组织工作和最近的进展.描述了Gala观测资料处理的基本原理,以及与依巴谷观测资料处理的不同点.介绍了Gaia参考架构建的考虑,以及为了构建微角秒量级的参考架,应在自行中加入系统差改正,如长期光行差、引力波效应、宇宙膨胀各向异性的影响,弱的微引力透镜和微引力透镜噪声效应等.介绍了Gaia光学参考架与射电参考架ICRFL2之间建立联系过程中,选择河外射电源的准则,其中包括源的核漂移和光学长期变化监测等.最后,提出了我国现有设备参与支持Gaia的地基观测,以及正在研制的65 m射电天线在射电天体测量方面可以开展的若干课题.     

Control of paleoshorelines by trench forebulge uplift,Loyalty Islands

Unlike most tropical Pacific islands, which lie along island arcs or hotspot chains, the Loyalty Islands between New Caledonia and Vanuatu owe their existence and morphology to the uplift of pre-existing atolls on the flexural forebulge of the New Hebrides Trench. The configuration and topography of each island is a function of distance from the crest of the uplifted forebulge. Both Maré and Lifou are fully emergent paleoatolls upon which ancient barrier reefs form highstanding annular ridges that enclose interior plateaus representing paleolagoon floors, whereas the partially emergent Ouvea paleoatoll rim flanks a drowned remnant lagoon. Emergent paleoshoreline features exposed by island uplift include paleoreef flats constructed as ancient fringing reefs built to past low tide levels and emergent tidal notches incised at past high tide levels. Present paleoshoreline elevations record uplift rates of the islands since last-interglacial and mid-Holocene highstands in global and regional sea levels, respectively, and paleoreef stratigraphy reflects net Quaternary island emergence. The empirical uplift rates vary in harmony with theoretical uplift rates inferred from the different positions of the islands in transit across the trench forebulge at the trench subduction rate. The Loyalty Islands provide a case study of island environments controlled primarily by neotectonics.     

SV波入射下河谷地形地震动分布特征分析

基于显式有限元方法和人工透射边界,对二维河谷地形在3条地震动波以SV波形式垂直入射和30°斜入射下进行了地震反应分析,比较了河谷地表各观测点地震动的差别,探讨了河谷地形地震动空间分布特征。结果表明,河谷地形对地震动分布具有重要影响,沿河谷斜坡顶到谷底的各观测点地震动峰值加速度（PGA）存在显著差异,地震动位移存在差动现象,地震动加速度反应谱在大于1 Hz的高频段差别明显。入射角度是影响场地地震反应的重要因素,斜入射时各观测点PGA和相对位移的离散程度明显大于垂直入射情形。     

海上浮式风机气动性能数值模拟

采用计算流体动力学(CFD)方法,基于RANS方程和SST k-ω湍流模型,对OC3-Hywind Spar浮式平台支撑的NREL5 MW风机进行气动性能模拟。对固定式风机的数值模型做网格无关性验证,同时考虑垂直风切变的影响,并将数值结果与NREL设计数据进行对比以验证模型的有效性。在FLUENT软件中,设定嵌入式滑移网格和用户定义程序(UDF)来模拟风机叶轮随平台的周期运动,分别研究浮式平台的纵荡、纵摇和首摇运动对风机气动荷载的影响。数值结果表明平台的纵荡和纵摇运动对输出功率影响较大,且平台运动幅值越大周期越低,其气动荷载变化越剧烈。合理控制平台的运动幅值对提高浮式风机的发电性能和疲劳强度有很大作用。     

Fast computation of the transient motions of moving vessels in irregular ocean waves

A fast time-domain method is developed in this paper for the real-time prediction of the six degree of freedom motions of a vessel traveling in an irregular seaway in infinitely deep water. The fully coupled unsteady ship motion problem is solved by time-stepping the linearized boundary conditions on both the free surface and body surface. A velocity-based boundary integral method is then used to solve the Laplace equation at every time step for the fluid kinematics, while a scalar integral equation is solved for the total fluid pressure. The boundary integral equations are applied to both the physical fluid domain outside the body and a fictitious fluid region inside the body, enabling use of the fast Fourier transform method to evaluate the free surface integrals. The computational efficiency of the scheme is further improved through use of the method of images to eliminate source singularities on the free surface while retaining vortex/dipole singularities that decay more rapidly in space. The resulting numerical algorithm runs 2–3 times faster than real time on a standard desktop computer. Numerical predictions are compared to prior published results for the transient motions of a hemisphere and laboratory measurements of the motions of a free running vessel in oblique waves with good agreement.     

Wash Waves Generated by High Speed Displacement Ships

It is difficult to compute far-field waves in a relative large area by using one wave generation model when a large calculation domain is needed because of large dimensions of the waterway and long distance of the required computing points. Variation of waterway bathymetry and nonlinearity in the far field cannot be included in a ship fixed process either. A coupled method combining a wave generation model and wave propagation model is then used in this paper to simulate the wash waves generated by the passing ship. A NURBS-based higher order panel method is adopted as the stationary wave generation model; a wave spectrum method and Boussinesq-type equation wave model are used as the wave propagation model for the constant water depth condition and variable water depth condition, respectively. The waves calculated by the NURBS-based higher order panel method in the near field are used as the input for the wave spectrum method and the Boussinesq-type equation wave model to obtain the far-field waves. With this approach it is possible to simulate the ship wash waves including the effects of water depth and waterway bathymetry. Parts of the calculated results are validated experimentally, and the agreement is demonstrated. The effects of ship wash waves on the moored ship are discussed by using a diffraction theory method. The results indicate that the prediction of the ship induced waves by coupling models is feasible.     

地震动的空间变异性对多支承结构的影响

导致地震动空间变异性的原因主要在于：几何不相关性效应、行波效应、局部场地条件效应。利用时程分析的方法分析了单跨框架结构和美国Las Vegas市区内某24跨立交桥的简化模型，对地震动空间变异性三个主要因素的单独影响、综合影响分别进行了系统分析。结果表明地震动的空间变异性改变了一致激励下结构的动力反应，并且引入了一致激励情况所不存在的拟静力反应，对结构的总反应具有很大的影响。与较激励的情况相比，结构的反应可能增大，也可能减小，这依赖于结构上截面位置、场地条件和所采用的地震动时程样本。