大跨度预应力混凝土连续刚构桥的动力特性分析

介绍了福建泉州后渚大桥——大跨度预应力混凝土连续刚构桥的现场环境振动实验．并利用频域中的单模态识别法(SDOFI)、峰值法(PP)和时域中的随机子空间识别法(SSI)分别进行桥梁动力特性识别。利用ANSYS建立了全桥三维有限元模型并进行了理论模态分析,基于参数分析和环境振动测试结果对有限元模型进行了标定,建立了该桥的基准有限元模型,该模型可服务于桥梁长期健康监测与状态评估。     

车装全液压钻机桅杆模态分析及拓扑优化

车装全液压钻机具有自动化程度高、工艺适用范围广、机动性好及施工效率高等优点,因此被广泛应用于煤层气抽采井、水井等钻井施工。桅杆作为钻机的重要构件,支撑着动力头的回转钻进工作,桅杆工作振动的稳定性对钻机工作的可靠性具有十分重要的影响。通过对桅杆进行模态分析,明确了桅杆的固有频率和模态振型,结果表明桅杆可能发生共振现象;通过对桅杆进行拓扑优化分析,并且根据桅杆的实际功能,得到优化模型,静力分析和模态分析结果均表明优化效果显著,满足结构强度要求且避免了共振的发生。桅杆的有限元分析,为桅杆的结构设计提供了理论支撑,同时提供了一种现代机械结构设计方法,具有一定的参考意义。     

云场中云簇的测量

使用云分割法和最近累积分布函数法，通过蒙特卡罗模拟和陆地卫星资料研究了卷云覆盖频率与云簇型式的依赖关系。结果表明：由于云分布“核态”的尺度依赖于云网格的尺度，云分布“模态”不能很好地描述云尺度大小分布，这里云尺度大小是指云覆盖量最大时的尺度权重（是云尺度大小的函数）。同时也表明卷云的“模型”尺度与云网格尺度之间关系最小，对任何给定的云尺度分布，“最小模态尺度”是唯一的。在云的组成具有相同尺度及与较大尺度云重迭的云场中，“最小模态尺度”与云覆盖频率分布的形状有关。云尺度分布引起的簇的形式不同于云中心区云簇的形式，其原因是“有效”的云尺度大小取决于网格区域的大小，并且是由云簇决定的，有效的云尺度是由云覆盖频率分布形状反算得到的     

GVAD技术及其在新一代天气雷达中的应用

天气雷达中VAD技术可求取雷达站上空水平风垂直廓线,梯度VAD技术(简称GVAD技术)为克服传统VAD技术受速度模糊影响较大而被提出。文中首先从理论上对GVAD技术进行模拟分析,再将其应用于新一代天气雷达实际探测的台风与大范围强降水速度模糊个例,分析其应用效果。理论模拟表明,GVAD技术较传统VAD技术可有效克服速度模糊对反演水平风垂直廓线的影响,加入的模拟噪声,也通过低通滤波方法有效抑制;在两次实际应用个例中,GVAD技术可较好克服速度模糊影响,但方位径向速度中的小波动或者噪声会在径向速度方位梯度中放大,尽管利用低通滤波进行了平滑,但其对反演水平风精度有较大影响,尤其影响水平风速反演精度,在个例中GVAD技术反演风速较传统VAD技术平均偏弱2~3m·s~(-1),模拟部分方位缺失并不影响GVAD技术的反演精度。需进一步研究减少新一代天气雷达径向速度资料中小波动或者噪声对GVAD技术应用影响的方法。     

A Study on Crack Detection with Modal Parameters of A Jacket Platform

Crack detection procedures by different modal parameters are analyzed for identitying a crack and its location and magnitude in a jacket plafform. The first ten natural frequencies and modal shapes of the jacket models are obtained by numerical experiments based on NASTRAN Code. A crack at different locations and of different magnitudes is imposed in the model at the underwater beams. Then, the modal evaluation parameters are calculated numerically, to illustrate the evaluation of modal parameter criteria used in jacket crack detection. The sensitivities of different modal parameters to different cracks are analyzed. A new technique is presented for predicting the approximate location of a breakage in the absence of the data of an intact model. This method can be used to detect a crack in underwater menbers by use of incomplete mode shapes of the top members of the jacket.     

Damage Localization of Offshore Platforms Under Ambient Excitation

In this paper Nondestructive Damage Detection (NDD) for offshore platforms is investigated under operational conditions. As is known, there is no easy way to measure ambient excitation, so damage detection methods based on ambient excitation have become very vital for the Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) of offshore platforms. The modal parameters (natural frequencies, damping ratios and mode shapes) are identified from structural response data with the Natural Excitation Technique (NExT) in conjunction with the Eigensystem Realization Algorithm (ERA) . A new method of damage detection is presented, which utilizes the invariance property of element modal strain energy. This method is to assign element modal strain energy to two parts, and defines two damage detection indicators. One is compression modal strain energy change ratio (CMSECR); the other is flexural modal strain energy change ratio (FMSECR). The present modal strain energy is obtained by incomplete modal shape and structural stiffness matr     

Modal Identification of Offshore Platforms Using Statistical Method Based on ERA

Identification of modal parameters of a linear structure with output-only measurements has received much attention over the past decodes. In the paper, the Natural Excitation Technique (NEXT) is used for acquisition of the impulse signals from the structural responses. Then Eigensystem Realization Algorithm (ERA) is utilized for modal identification.For disregarding the fictitious ‘computational modes’, a procedure, Statistically Averaging Modal Frequency Method (SAMFM), is developed to distinguish the true modes from noise modes, and to improve the precision of the identified modal frequencies of the structure. An offshore platform is modeled with the finite element method. The theoretical modal parameters are obtained for a comparison with the identified values. The dynamic responses of the platform under random wave loading are computed for providing the output signals used for identification with ERA. Results of simulation demonstrate that the proposed method can determine the system modal frequency with high precision.     

Inversion Method for Sound Velocity Profile of Eddy in Deep Ocean

The modal wave number tomography approach is used to obtain sound speed profile of water column in deep ocean. The approach consists of estimation of the local modal eigenvalues from complex pressure field and use of these data as input to modal perturbative inversion method for obtaining the local sound speed profile. The empirical orthonormal function (EOF) is applied to reduce the parameter search space. The ocean environment used for numerical simulations includes the Munk profile as the unperturbed background speed profile and a weak Gaussian eddy as the sound speed profile perturbation. The results of numerical simulations show the method is capable of monitoring the oceanic interior structure.     

超大型离心机基础自振特性研究

某超大型离心机基础埋置于复杂软土地基中,自振特性研究十分关键。分别建立离心机基础的等效土弹簧模型和实体地基模型,对比分析不同地基模拟方法下的模态分析结果;开展基于白噪声激励的动力时程分析,分析地基参振质量对自振特性的影响。结果表明：超大型离心机基础前两阶模态振型分别为水平横向和纵向的摆动;基于不同的地基模拟方法计算得到的振型结果一致,自振频率相差在10%以内;超大型离心机基础结构的前两阶地基参振质量分别为1.376倍和0.998倍的基础总质量,地基参振质量使得结构的振动响应幅值下降50%左右,频谱峰值频率减小约2 Hz。结论对大型埋置式动力机器基础的自振特性研究具有指导和参考意义。