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251.
以旋转椭球体面上某点为原点建立一个大地坐标单位活动坐标架. 通过平移, 使活动坐标架的原点与以椭球中心为原点的笛卡尔单位标架的原点相重合. 然后再通过两次标架旋转, 使活动坐标架与笛卡尔单位标架完全重合. 本文给出了使两个单位标架相重合的转换关系式, 以及该点位移在两个单位标架中的坐标转换式; 在此基础上, 考虑该点的位移及活动坐标架皆为该点大地坐标的函数, 经复杂推导, 分别给出了该点位移向量的微分在大地坐标系中的分量以及该点分别沿坐标曲线的弧微分表达式, 继而导出了该点的位移梯度矩阵; 最后推导出了椭球坐标系的应变张量与转动张量表达式, 并对转动张量的几何含义进行了较详细的解释, 且采用曲面理论对球面与椭球面的应变张量间的内在关系进行了讨论. 相似文献
252.
H. Greiner-Mai J. Hagedoorn L. Ballani I. Wardinski D. Stromeyer R. Hengst 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》2007,51(4):491-513
We investigate the temporal behaviour of the axial component of the electromagnetic core-mantle coupling torque that is associated
with the poloidal part of the geomagnetic field observable at the Earth surface. For its computation, we use different models
of the geomagnetic field, expanded into spherical harmonics (Wardinski and Holme, 2006; Sabaka et al., 2004), and the mantle
conductivity. The geomagnetic field, which we have to know at the core-mantle boundary for the associated computations, will
be inferred from the field at the Earth surface by the non-harmonic field continuation through a conducting mantle shell.
The aims of this investigation are (i) to check how sensitive is the computation of the torque with respect to the different
geomagnetic field models, (ii) to check its dependence on the spherical harmonic degree n, and (iii) to determine the difference
between the mechanical torque derived from the observed length-of-day variations (atmospheric influence subtracted) and the
poloidal electromagnetic torque in dependence on the assumed conductivity. To use the non-harmonic field continuation for
the torque calculation and to obtain an insight into the influence of the different geomagnetic field models on the EM torques
are the major aspects of this paper.
grm@gfz-potsdam.de 相似文献
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254.
Abstract Detailed geologic examination of the Eocene accretionary complex (Hyuga Group) of the Shimanto terrane in southeastern Kyushu revealed that the oceanic plate was composed of Paleocene to Lower Eocene mudstone and siliceous mudstone, lower Middle Eocene red mudstone, and mid-Middle Eocene trench-fill turbidite with siltstone breccia, successively overlying the pre-Eocene oceanic plate. This oceanic plate sequence was overlain by Upper Eocene siltstone. Deposition of the lower Middle Eocene red mudstone was accompanied by basalt flows and it is interbedded with continental felsic tuff, which indicates that the basalt and red mudstone were deposited near the trench just before accretion. The Hyuga Group has very similar geological structure to that of the chert–clastic complexes found in the Jurassic accretionary complexes in Japan: that is, a decollement fault formed in the middle of an oceanic plate sequence, and an imbricate structure formed only in the upper part of the sequence. Thus, it appears that the Hyuga Group was formed by the same accretionary process as the Jurassic accretionary complexes. No accretion occurred before the Middle Eocene, and the rapid accretion of the Hyuga Group was commenced by the supply of coarse terrigenous sediments in the mid-Middle Eocene, when the direction of movement of the Pacific Plate changed. The pre-Eocene oceanic basement and lower Middle Eocene volcanic activity suggest that the oceanic plate partly preserved in the Hyuga Group was very similar to the northern part of the present West Philippine Sea Plate. 相似文献
255.
通过对波场矢量计算散度与旋度可将P波和S波进行分离,这种方法是波场传播与计算散度和旋度进行波场分离两部分的结合.基于二维各向同性介质速度模型,首先使用弹性波动方程对速度模型进行波场传播模拟;然后在地表接收多分量记录的同时计算散度代表P波、计算旋度代表S波,由于计算散度和旋度包括对空间各分量求导,这就导致了π/2的相位移,使用Fourier变换在频率域对记录进行-π/2的相位校正,就分别获得P波和S波的波场记录.通过对二维模型试算,并分析结果可知,采用计算散度和旋度进行波场分离是一种有效的方法. 相似文献
256.
Many strong motion records show that under the strong seismic vibration of, the torsional disfigurement of building structures is a common and serious damage. At present, there are no special sensors for measuring seismic rotation in the world. Most of the experts obtain rotational components through observing deformation, theoretical analysis and calculation. The theory of elastic wave and source dynamics also prove the conclusion that the surface of the earth will rotate when an earthquake occurs. Based on a large number of investigations and experiments, a rotational acceleration sensor was developed for the observation of the rotational component of strong ground motions. This acceleration sensor is a double-pendulum passive servo large-damped seismic rotational acceleration sensor with the moving coil transducer. When an earthquake occurs, the seismic rotational acceleration acts on the bottom plate at the same time. The magnetic circuit system and the middle shaft fixedly connected to the bottom plate follow the bottom plate synchronous vibration, and the moving part composed of the mass ring, the swing frame and the moving ring produces relative corners to the central axis. The two working coils mounted on the two pendulums produce the same relative motion with respect to the magnetic gaps of the two magnetic circuits. Both working coils at this time generate an induced electromotive force by cutting magnetic lines of force in the respective magnetic gaps. The generated electromotive forces are respectively input to respective passive servo large damper dynamic ring transducer circuits and angular acceleration adjusting circuits, and the signals are simultaneously input to the synthesizing circuit after conditioning. Finally, the composite circuit outputs a voltage signal proportional to the seismic rotational acceleration to form a seismic rotational acceleration sensor. The paper presents the basic principles of the rotational acceleration sensor, including its mechanical structure diagram, circuit schematic diagram and mathematical models. The differential equation of motion and its circuit equation are derived to obtain the expressions of the main technical specifications, such as the damping ratio and sensitivity. The calculation shows that when the damping ratio is much larger than 1, the output voltage of the passive servo large damping dynamic coil transducer circuit is proportional to the ground rotation acceleration, and the frequency characteristic of bandpass is wider when the damping ratio is larger. Based on the calibration test, the dynamic range is greater than or equal to 100dB and the linearity error is less than 0.05%. The amplitude-frequency characteristics, the phase-frequency characteristics and their corresponding curves of the passive servo rotational acceleration sensor are acquired through the calculations. Based on the accurate measurement of the micro-vibration of the precision rotating vibration equipment, the desired result is obtained. The measured data are presented in the paper, which verify the correctness of the calculation result. The passive servo large damping rotational acceleration sensor has simple circuit design, convenient operation and high resolution, and can be widely applied to seismic acceleration measurement of earthquake or structure. 相似文献
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258.
陆内块体旋转是周边构造环境和深部构造活动相互作用的结果.前人研究表明华北东部和俄罗斯远东地区晚中生代以来的块体旋转样式,很可能以牡丹江断裂为界发生了显著变化.进一步对牡丹江断裂两侧块体晚中生代以来的块体旋转样式的限定,有助于正确理解这一差异旋转的机制.对采自黑龙江省东部白垩纪和古近纪岩石的(51个采点)古地磁学研究表明,相对于稳定欧亚大陆,牡丹江断裂东侧的佳木斯地块内部的穆棱、鸡西、七台河和桦南地区旋转样式一致,整体发生了30°~40°的逆时针旋转,逆时针旋转很可能发生在晚白垩世末之后.华北东部及俄罗斯远东地区的差异性相对旋转很可能与白垩纪以来太平洋板块的俯冲作用和作为深俯冲带的牡丹江断裂的重新活化有关. 相似文献
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260.