The Bering Sea—A dynamic food web perspective

The Bering Sea is a high-latitude, semi-enclosed sea that supports extensive fish, seabird, marine mammal, and invertebrate populations and some of the world's most productive fisheries. The region consists of several distinct biomes that have undergone wide-scale population variation, in part due to fisheries, but also in part due to the effects of interannual and decadal-scale climatic variation. While recent decades of ocean observation have highlighted possible links between climate and species fluctuations, mechanisms linking climate and population fluctuations are only beginning to be understood. Here, we examine the food webs of Bering Sea ecosystems with particular reference to some key shifts in widely distributed, abundant fish populations and their links with climate variation. Both climate variability and fisheries have substantially altered the Bering Sea ecosystem in the past, but their relative importance in shaping the current ecosystem state remains uncertain.     

A method for averaging the perturbing function in Hill’s problem

A modified method for averaging the perturbing function in Hill’s problem is suggested. The averaging is performed in the revolution period of the satellite over the mean anomaly of its motion with a full allowance for a variation in the position of the perturbing body. At its fixed position, the semimajor axis of the satellite orbit during the revolution of the satellite is constant in view of the evolution equations, while the remaining orbital elements undergo secular and long-period perturbations. Therefore, when the motion of the perturbing body is taken into account, the semimajor axis of the satellite orbit undergoes the strongest perturbations. The suggested approach generalizes the averaging method in which only the linear (in time) term is included in the perturbing function. This method requires no expansion in powers of time. The described method is illustrated by calculating the perturbations of the semimajor axes for two distant satellites of Saturn, S/2000 S 1 and S/2000 S5. An approximate analytic solution is compared with the results of numerical integration of the averaged system of equations of motion for these satellites.     

基于Min-Max算子的遥感影像线状地物提取

将模糊数学中极小-极大算子的概念引入到遥感影像线状地物的半自动提取中。实验结果表明该方法能够有效地克服影像上各种噪声的影响,提取速度较快并具有较强的鲁棒性。     

西洋东大港水道流速垂线分布研究

对辐射沙洲海域东大港4#站位连续2个潮周期的流速测量资料进行了分析、研究,拟合给出了流速垂线分布关系,并根据实际测量资料确定了该站位6个水层的浑水水流尾流函数项表达式。这些表达式表明浑水水流尾流函数是相对深度和摩阻速度的函数。探讨分析了尾流函数的空间分布和潮周期过程。非恒定流的水流尾流函数项的准确表达,对于揭示含沙水流流速结构及水、沙相影响作用规律将起到启发和推动作用。     

Stability and capsizing analysis of nonlinear ship rolling in wind and stochastic beam seas

Considering the actual seaway condition, stability and capsizing of nonlinear ship rolling system in stochastic beam seas is of significant importance for voyage safety. Safe zone are defined in the phase space plan of the unperturbed Hamilton system to qualitatively distinguish ship motions as capsize and noncapsize. Capsize events are defined by solutions passing out of the safe zone. The probability of such an occurrence is studied by virtue of the random Melnikov function and the concept of phase space flux. In this paper, besides conventional wave excitation, the effect of wind load is also taken into account. The introduction of wind load will lead to asymmetry, in other words, it transforms the symmetric heteroclinic orbits into asymmetric homoclinic orbits. For asymmetric dynamical system, the orbital analytic solutions and its power spectrum are not readily available, and the technique of discrete time Fourier transformation (DTFT) is used. In the end, as verification of theoretical critical significant wave height, capsizing probability contour diagram is generated by means of numerical simulation. The contour diagram shows that these analytical methods provide reliable and predictive results about the likelihood of a vessel capsizing in a given seaway condition.     

圆锥区域中变系数半线性抛物型微分不等式的刘维尔型定理

研究圆锥区域中变系数半线性抛物型微分不等式及其耦合不等式组的刘维尔型定理.先给出弱解的定义,再利用构造试验函数法建立不依赖于初始值的解的universal估计,最后得到非负非平凡整体弱解的在适当的临界指数范围内不存在的结论,此种方法的主要特点是不用比较原理和极值原理.     

快速滤波本征模态函数分解中的边界处理

针对快速滤波分解信号为本征模态函数(IMF)所产生的边界效应问题,提出了一种抑制这种边界效应的方法。即利用快速滤波先将原信号分解为本征模态函数,然后在信号内部截取适当的两段分别延拓到原信号两端,经快速滤波得到分解结果后,再截去延拓的部分,保留原信号长度的分解结果。通过实例验证了该方法的有效性。     

Fisheries traffic: The poor relation of port devolution. Lessons from Spanish state ports of general interest

The fisheries sector is currently contending with the hectic development of its own political economy framework being convulsed by the dynamics of decentralisation. This process is enshrouded in an environment of economic globalisation, taking place against the backdrop of the governance approach. With this situation as the starting point, the main goal of this paper is to quantify the effects that the Spanish port devolution process might have on the Spanish fisheries sector through the use of a transfer function model; the volumes of landings at State ports of general interest and their cash value are taken as dependent variables.     

热带西太平洋海域上层海洋热含量的CSEOF分析

基于月平均Argo温、盐度剖面、纬向风和Ni o3.4指数等资料,利用循环平稳经验正交函数(CSEOF)分解法、最大熵谱分析和相关分析等方法,研究了热带西太平洋海域上层(0—700m)海洋热含量的时空变化特征,并探讨了其年际变化的可能原因。结果表明,热带西太平洋海域上层海洋热含量距平场具有显著的东-西向反位相振荡,且这种振荡除了具有较明显的季节变化外,还存在着较强的准2a振荡。此外,热含量距平场还存在着负-正-负的三极式经向模态,该模态除了具有明显的季节变化外,还存在着显著的准4a振荡。进一步分析表明,热含量的准2a振荡与ENSO事件的发生有着非常密切的联系,并对赤道西太平洋纬向风异常有1—2月的滞后响应。     

静态精密单点定位中对流层延迟估计

首先介绍了三种对流层误差改正模型,然后把模型改正值作为先验值,将天顶延迟的剩余误差作为待定参数,分别用卡尔曼滤波和最小二乘两种估计方法计算对流层的残余量;实验证明Saastamoinen模型优于后两种模型,并利用实测气象参数计算对流层延迟,结果表明标准模型与实测气象参数对静态精密单点定位中对流层延迟量的计算结果影响不大...