SDSS J120923.7+264047: a new massive galaxy cluster with a bright giant arc

Highly magnified lensed galaxies allow us to probe the morphological and spectroscopic properties of high-redshift stellar systems in great detail. However, such objects are rare, and there are only a handful of lensed galaxies that are bright enough for a high-resolution spectroscopic study with current instrumentation. We report the discovery of a new massive lensing cluster, SDSS J120923.7+264047, at z = 0.558. Present around the cluster core, at angular distances of up to ∼40 arcsec, are many arcs and arc candidates, presumably due to lensing of background galaxies by the cluster gravitational potential. One of the arcs, 21 arcsec long, has an r -band magnitude of 20, making it one of the brightest known lensed galaxies. We obtained a low-resolution spectrum of this galaxy, using the Keck-I telescope, and found it is at redshift of z = 1.018.     

Determining the Gravitational Gradient Tensor Using Satellite-Altimetry Observations over the Persian Gulf

With the advent of satellite altimetry in 1973, new scientific applications became available in oceanography, climatology, and marine geosciences. Moreover, satellite altimetry provides a significant source of information facilitated in the geoid determination with a high accuracy and spatial resolution. The information from this approach is a sufficient alternate for marine gravity data in the high-frequency modeling of the marine gravity field quantities. The gravity gradient tensor, consisting of the second-order partial derivatives of the gravity potential, provides more localized information than gravity measurements. Marine gravity observations always carry a high noise level due to environmental effects. Moreover, it is not possible to model the high frequencies of the Earth's gravity field in a global scale using these observations. In this article, we introduce a novel approach for a determination of the gravity gradient tensor at sea level using satellite altimetry. Two numerical techniques are applied and compared for this purpose. In particular, we facilitate the radial basis functions (RBFs) and the harmonic splines. As a case study, the gravitational gradient tensor is determined and results presented in the Persian Gulf. Validation of results reveals that the solution of the harmonic spline approach has a better agreement with a theoretical zero-value of the trace of the Marussi gravitational gradient tensor. However, the data-adaptive technique in the RBF approach allows more efficient selection of the parameters and 3-D configuration of RBFs compared to a fixed parameterization by the harmonic splines.     

海洋中尺度涡的机械能及其源汇研究*

由于观测手段的限制,海洋中尺度涡的能量输送及生成与耗散动力过程一直是世界大洋能量循环中悬而未决的一个问题,而中尺度涡在海洋中又广泛存在,它不仅占据海洋表层动能的绝大部分,而且是能量级串中连接大尺度和小尺度的中间环节,在大洋能量传输中扮演着重要的角色。文章以中尺度涡场机械能的大小、分布、源汇为主线,结合作者在这方面的最新研究成果,综述当前对中尺度涡机械能及其源汇的研究进展。     

辽中城市群范围界定与规模结构分形研究

辽中城市群作为东北老工业基地的核心地域,目前正处于经济转型的关键阶段.基于引力模型,结合城市群的城市交通流分析,首先对辽中城市群范围进行了界定.在此基础上,采用分形理论与方法对辽中城市群的人口、经济规模结构的分维值进行了测算,结果表明辽中城市群的人口规模分维值大于1,而经济规模分维值小于1,人口经济空间分布不均衡、分布错位,地区间经济发展水平差距较大,这与该地区的产业结构特点和开发历史有着密切关系.运用灰色关联度分析方法进一步研究了辽中城市群的分维值影响因素,发现科学支出与固定资产投资完成总额的影响显著.     

Cosmogenic Be dating of a sackung and its faulted rock glaciers, in the Alps of Savoy (France)

Sackungs are the largest gravitational deformation observed in mountains. They are characterized by the long-term slowness of the movements, but their mechanism is still not well understood. Nowadays cosmic ray exposure (CRE) dating methods allow dating the morphologic structures involved in sackung and can contribute at the understanding of their origin. In the Alps, the 5.3 km long Arcs sackung initiated during the activity of rock glaciers. Three samples from these faulted rock glaciers provide their first CRE ages and show that at 2000 m elevation these block accumulations moved during the Younger Dryas and stopped in early Holocene. Six ¹⁰Be ages of fault scarps show that the Arcs sackung lasted only a few thousand years and stopped at about 8462 ± 432 ¹⁰Be yr. They also reveal that deformation migrated upslope in agreement with a mechanism of flexural toppling of vertical layers. This unique and long gravitational event, characterized by migration of the deformation, does not support earthquake shaking as triggering mechanism for individual faults. It shows that, in the upper Isère valley, slope deformation was delayed of several thousand years after glacial debuttressing, and is not anymore active despite its fresh morphology.     

基于GRACE Follow-On卫星重力梯度法精确反演地球重力场

由于GRACE Follow-On双星系统等效于基线长为星间距离的一维水平重力梯度仪,因此本文基于GRACE Follow-On卫星重力梯度法开展了精确和快速反演下一代地球重力场的可行性论证研究. 研究结果表明：第一,基于GRACE Follow-On卫星重力梯度法（GFO-SGGM）,利用卫星轨道参数（轨道高度250 km、星间距离50 km、轨道倾角89°、轨道离心率0.001）、关键载荷测量精度（星间距离10^-6 m、星间速度10^-7 m·s^-1、星间加速度10^-10 m·s^-2、轨道位置10^-3 m、轨道速度10^-6 m·s^-1、非保守力10^-11 m·s^-2）、观测时间30天和采样间隔10 s反演了120阶地球重力场,在120阶处累计大地水准面精度为9.331×10^-4 m. 第二,在120阶内,利用将来GRACE Follow-On双星反演地球重力场精度较现有GRACE双星平均提高61倍,因此GRACE Follow-On卫星重力梯度法是进一步提高地球重力场反演精度的优选方法. 第三,下一代GRACE Follow-On计划较当前GRACE计划的优点如下：轨道高度更低（200~300 km）、载荷精度更高（10^-7 ~10^-9 m·s^-1）和星间距离更短（50~100 km）.     

徐州西南部地质构造特征及成因

以大地构造理论为基础,通过对徐州西南部的小构造尺度的断层、褶皱及其相互联系的研究,结合区域构造的特点,对前人的观点提出新的认识,并合理补充徐宿弧形构造的成因机制。结合地层的岩性特征,认为该构造的形成前期以板块挤压伴随重力滑覆为主,后期以多向重力滑脱为主,研究区的构造特征是由两期构造共同结合的产物。     

利用解析法有效快速估计将来GRACE Follow-On地球重力场的精度

本文首次利用解析法有效快速估计了将来GRACE（Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment） Follow-On地球重力场的精度. 第一,基于功率谱原理分别建立了新的GRACE Follow-On卫星激光干涉星间测量系统星间速度、GPS接收机轨道位置和轨道速度以及加速度计非保守力误差影响累计大地水准面的单独和联合解析误差模型. 第二,利用提出的GRACE卫星关键载荷匹配精度指标和美国喷气推进实验室（JPL）公布的GRACE Level 1B实测精度指标的一致性,以及估计的GRACE累计大地水准面精度和德国波兹坦地学研究中心（GFZ）公布的EIGEN-GRACE02S地球重力场模型实测精度的符合性,验证了本文建立的解析误差模型是可靠的. 第三,论证了GRACE Follow-On卫星不同关键载荷匹配精度指标和轨道高度对地球重力场精度的影响. 在360阶处,利用轨道高度250 km、星间距离50 km、星间速度误差1×10^-9m/s、轨道位置误差3×10^-5m、轨道速度误差3×10^-8m/s和非保守力误差3×10^-13m/s²,基于联合解析误差模型估计累计大地水准面的精度为1.231×10^-1 m. 本文的研究不仅为当前GRACE和将来GRACE Follow-On地球重力场精度的有效快速确定提供了理论基础和计算保证,同时对国际将来GRAIL（Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory）月球卫星重力测量计划的成功实施具有重要的参考意义.     

黄河中游区重力侵蚀研究综述

在对黄河中游区重力侵蚀宏观规律分析、实验观测、计算模型及新技术应用4个方面研究进展进行评述的基础上,就重力侵蚀机理模型构建的难点和重点、3S技术及非线性方法等新技术用于重力侵蚀研究的可行性和应用方式等进行了探讨。分析了重力侵蚀观测水平较低的原因及其对理论和计算模型研究的严重制约作用。提出重力侵蚀研究应在流域观测站点布设、数据自动测报和积累、计算模型合理概化及与其它类型侵蚀研究结合方面进一步开展工作。     

一种基于统一引力场表示理论的外部扰动场赋值建模方法

提出一种新的外部扰动场赋值的建模方法。该方法将场赋值问题纳入统一引力场表示理论的框架,得到的模式具有结构简单、奇性弱的核,并顾及了地形效应,适合低空引力速算。