高场磁共振成像和波谱学

本文意在通过对磁共振成像和波谱学在各方面的发展及应用现状的评述，提出建议：在中国开展适当的高场磁共振成像和波谱学的研究规划。     

用超速CT机检测99例无症状香港中国人降低钙指数

回顾分析Ｍａｔｉｌｄａ医院超速ＣＴ室筛选首批病人中９９例中国人资料，很明显从通常采用１３０－１００Ｈｏｕｎｓｆｉｅｌｄ单位作为检出冠状血管钙化的基数应用至中国人身上其阈值数目需要降低，同时，我们也发现如果病人年龄按每１０年范围分组（２１－３０，３０－４０，４１－５０，５１－６０）而计算其超速ＣＴ的钙化指数会较随机男女一起按平均计算更易区分其差异．进一步分析显示，男性中年时候超速ＣＴ指数已达最高值，而女性则晚１０年方达最高值，因此，为了更易探测冠脉循环内钙化倾向应作出超速ＣＴ检出钙化的指数数目．这些实践经验对动脉粥样硬化过程的预测或预防有实际意义．     

瞬变电磁晚期场资料的一维反演

本文研讨了由垂直磁偶源和水平电偶源所激发的瞬变电磁晚期场的垂直磁场时间偏导数及其视电阻率的性态特征。探讨了其一维反演的某些问题，研制出了对该时间域电磁响应函数的一维实用化反演程序，表明具有较好的使用效果。     

安徽大别山北部红刚玉岩石的成因

大别山北部红刚玉矿产在太古代大别山群黑云角门外长片麻岩以及超基性岩中。赋存红刚玉的刚玉黑云二长片麻岩的原始岩石为富铝泥质岩，在角门岩相变质条件下，通过两种脱硅方式，即变质分异作用和超基性岩侵位，形成刚玉黑云二长片麻岩。它们形成的温压条件：Ｔ＝５００℃～７００℃，Ｐ＝０．４～０．７ＧＰａ。刚玉形成的可能的化学机制是白云母在缺硅条件下的分解。     

Symplectitic augite: evidence for discontinuous precipitation as an exsolution mechanism in Ca-rich clinopyroxene

Abstract Part of the augite in the Artfjället gabbro consists of symplectitic intergrowths between augite and blebs or lamellae of orthopyroxene. Mineral compositions are consistent with formation of these symplectites by exsolution of orthopyroxene from magmatic augite at a temperature of ca . 900–1000°C. The microstructures indicate that the exsolution mechanism is discontinuous precipitation, whereby the boundary of an augite grain sweeps through a neighbouring augite, leaving the symplectite in its wake. The formation of this symplectitic augite is catalysed by the presence of an intergranular water-rich fluid phase, which promotes grain boundary mobility.     

Fluid inclusions in rocks from the amphibolite-facies gneiss to charnockite progression in southern Karnataka, India: direct evidence concerning the fluids of granulite metamorphism

Abstract Fluid inclusion studies of rocks from the late Archaean amphibolite-facies to granulite-facies transition zone of southern India provide support for the hypothesis that CO₂,-rich H₂O-poor fluids were a major factor in the origin of the high-grade terrain. Charnockites, closely associated leucogranites and quartzo-feldspathic veins contain vast numbers of large CO₂-rich inclusions in planar arrays in quartz and feldspar, whereas amphibole-bearing gray gneisses of essentially the same compositions as adjacent charnockites in mixed-facies quarries contain no large fluid inclusions. Inclusions in the northernmost incipient charnockites, as at Kabbal, Karnataka, occasionally contain about 25 mol. % of immiscible H₂O lining cavity walls, whereas inclusions from the charnockite massif terrane farther south do not have visibile H₂O Microthermometry of CO₂ inclusions shows that miscible CH₄ and N₂ must be small, probably less than 10mol.%combined. Densities of CO₂ increase steadily from north to south across the transitional terrane. Entrapment pressures calculated from the CO₂ equation of state range from 5 kbar in the north to 7.5 kbar in the south at the mineralogically inferred average metamorphic temperature of 750°C, in quantitative agreement with mineralogic geobarometry. This agreement leads to the inference that the fluid inclusions were trapped at or near peak metamorphic conditions. Calculations on the stability of the charnockite assemblage biotite-orthopyroxene-K-feldspar-quartz show that an associated fluid phase must have less than 0.35 H₂O activity at the inferred P and T conditions, which agrees with the petrographic observations. High TiO₂ content of biotite stabilizes it to lower H₂O activities, and the steady increase of biotite TiO₂ southward in the area suggests progressive decrease of aH₂O with increasing grade. Oxygen fugacities calculated from orthopyroxene-magnetite-quartz are considerably higher than the graphite CO₂-O₂ buffer, which explains the absence of graphite in the charnockites. The present study quantifies the nature of the vapours in the southern India granulite metamorphism. It remains to be determined whether CO₂-flushing of the crust can, by itself, create large terranes of largeion lithophile-depleted granulites, or whether removal of H₂O-bearing anatectic melts is essential.     

松嫩平原晚第三纪—更新世孢粉组合及古植被与古气候的研究

本文通过大庆、乾安、长春、哈尔滨等地所揭示孢粉资料,试将松嫩平原晚第三纪到更新世时期划出13个孢粉带。根据孢粉组合系列变化和磁性地层测定,论述古植被与古气候演化过程,为研究东北平原第四纪自然环境变迁提供科学依据。     

区域河流水质的模糊聚类分析

水作为地表物质迁移的一种溶剂与媒介,尤如人体的“血液”一样,穿行于岩石、土壤与各种生物体之间。一个特定区域范围内的河流水质,不仅受自然因素的控制,而且也受人类社会经济活动的影响。因此,一个区域河流水质的变化过程,就是该区域自然环境特