测绘工程“四重螺旋交互上升式”硬实践体系研究

基于测绘工程专业认证的大背景和应用型高层次专门人才的需求,学生实践能力的培养被提升到了从未有过新高度,设置完善的实践教学体系迫在眉睫。为了克服"重理论、轻实践"的软人才培养理念,文中结合测绘工程专业认证标准,提出"4+5"模式培养目标,并据此构建"四重螺旋交互上升式"硬实践体系,详细阐述该体系内容构成及体系特色,为实现实践能力的本科全过程新常态培养和应用型高层次专门人才的高品质输送提供依据。     

Analytical Solutions to the Flow Field Induced by Uniformly Moving Multiple Helical Vortex Filaments

This paper presents analytic solutions for the flow field of inviscid fluid induced by uniformly and rigidly moving multiple helical vortex filaments in a cylindrical pipe. The relative coordinate system is set on the moving vortex filaments. The analytical solutions of the flow field are obtained on the assumption that the relative velocity field induced is time-independent and helically symmetrical. If the radius of the cylindrical pipe approaches infinity, these solutions are also available for tmbounded space. The results show that both the absolute velocity field and pressure field are periodical in time, and may reduce to time-independent when the helical vortex filaments are immobile or slip along the filaments themselves. Furthermore, the solution of velocity field is reduced to Okulov‘s formula for the case of a single static vortex filament in a cylindrical pipe. The calculated locations of pressure peak and valley on the pipe wall agree with experimental results.     

A review on the behavior of helical piles as a potential offshore foundation system

Abstract

Helical piles are used mainly to resist tension forces generated by uplift and overturning moments of various structures, therefore they have been suggested as a potential alternative to driven piles as offshore pile because they provide a large uplift capacity due to the anchor effect of the helix. To date no standards are available for the assessment of the use of helical piles in the offshore environment. State-of-the art installation and uplift capacity assessment is based on field onshore tests on small helical piles. The purpose of this review is to critically evaluate the current knowledge on helical piles considering uplift capacity, cyclic load, installation torque models and the parameters affecting the installation torque, to understand whether they can be considered for potential offshore applications. The paper could be of valuable interest for engineers and contractors involved in the offshore installation of piles.     

基于支节容性加载的小型化低剖面超表面天线

本文对容性支节加载的小型化超表面天线进行了分析与设计.通过在方形贴片上引入一对容性负载支节,可以有效地降低超表面单元的工作频率,从而将传统方形贴片超表面单元的尺寸减小55%.在单元设计的基础上,设计了一款4×4阵列的超表面天线,并采用特征模分析（CMA）解释了超表面天线的辐射机制.为了验证设计思路,对天线进行了加工和测试,测量的-10 dB阻抗带宽为21.7%,并在工作频带内保持6 dBi的辐射增益.     

基于特征模理论的低剖面MIMO立方体天线

基于特征模理论,给出了一种适用于室内环境的16端口多输入多输出（MIMO）立方体天线设计.首先利用特征模理论在对一个矩形金属片进行模式分析的基础上,同时激励金属片的不同模式,设计了一款工作于5.150~5.875 GHz的高隔离度的4端口MIMO天线单元,并引入人工磁导体（AMC）表面代替原天线的地板,大大降低了天线的剖面.进一步地,围绕立方体环绕一周组成4×4端口的MIMO立方体天线,在较小的空间内实现了天线的多端口与多极化.仿真和测试结果表明：天线在5.150~5.875 GHz频段内端口反射系数S_ii<-10 dB,端口间隔离度|S_ij|>20 dB.     

频率可切换的矩形缝隙环频率选择表面

基于金属屏上周期排列的缝隙单元结构的通带特性,提出矩形缝隙环(Rectangular Slot Ring,RSR)加载短路线的单元结构实现频率可调频率选择表面(Frequency Selective Surface,FSS)。谐振缝隙单元开路与短路时相对应的谐振频率分别为13 GHz和15 GHz。RSR-FSS选用Rogers RO4003介质作为基板,按照12×12的方阵进行周期排列,利用全波电磁仿真软件CST对其进行了电磁传输特性仿真。最终,通过实验验证了该频率选择表面在Ku波段通过连通和断开短路线可以进行频率的切换。     

GPS浮标天线高的动态标定方法

针对组装式全球定位系统浮标因每次加载设备不同,浮标体质心与吃水存在变化的问题,该文提出一种借助全球定位系统动态后处理和验潮仪的浮标全球定位系统天线高的动态标定方法。实验表明,该方法能有效测定全球定位系统浮标天线相位中心至吃水面距离,标定精度优于1cm,并可应用于所有类型全球定位系统浮标的天线高标定和校核。     

GAMIT在仪器检测中的应用

GAMIT是高精度的GPS数据处理软件,广泛应用于GPS数据的处理,特别在处理基线方面,对长基线、短基线的处理都能达到很高的精度要求。本文通过利用某岛礁项目的GPS仪器检测数据,结合精密星历,采用GAMIT软件对数据进行高精度的解算,结合某岛礁项目设计的精度要求,与解算结果对比发现,GAMIT软件的解算结果完全可以达到GPS仪器检测的效果。     

GPS辅助光束法区域网平差—太原试验场GPS航摄飞行试验结果

本文简要介绍了ＧＰＳ辅助光束法区域网平差的基本原理和方法，详细讨论了太原航摄机动态试验场实际ＧＰＳ航摄飞行试验的结果。利用联合平差程序ＷｕＣＡＰＳ系统对试验区进行ＧＰＳ辅助光束法区域网平差，用分米级精度的ＧＰＳ摄站坐标获得了实地上平面为±７．９ｃｍ、高程为±１８．１ｃｍ的加密精度，充分显示了动态ＧＰＳ定位技术在航空遥感定位中的广阔应用前景。     

Estimation of elevation-dependent satellite antenna phase center variations of GPS satellites

A method for the estimation of the phase center variations of GPS satellite antennas using global GPS data is presented. First estimations have shown an encouraging repeatability from day to day and between satellites of the same block. Thus, two different satellite antenna patterns for Block II/IIA and for Block IIR with a range of about 4 cm and an accuracy of less than 1 mm could be found. The present approach allows the creation of a consistent set of receiver and satellite antenna patterns and phase center offsets. Thereby, it is possible to switch from relative to absolute phase center variations without a scale problem in global networks. This changeover has an influence on troposphere parameters, reduces systematic effects due to uncorrect antenna modeling and should diminish the elevation dependence of GPS results. AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank Prof. G. Seeber (University of Hannover) and Dr. G. Wübbena (Geo++ GmbH) and their groups for their kindness in making available the absolute field calibration results derived from robot measurements.