Magnetic survey of emission line B‐type stars with FORS 1 at the VLT

We report the results of our search for magnetic fields in a sample of 16 field Be stars, the binary emission‐line B‐type star υ Sgr, and in a sample of fourteen members of the open young cluster NGC3766 in the Carina spiral arm. The sample of cluster members includes Be stars, normal B‐type stars and He‐strong/He‐weak stars. Nine Be stars have been studied with magnetic field time series obtained over ∼1 hour to get an insight into the temporal behaviour and the correlation of magnetic field properties with dynamical phenomena taking place in Be star atmospheres. The spectropolarimetric data were obtained at the European Southern Observatory with the multi‐mode instrument FORS1 installed at the 8m Kueyen telescope. We detect weak photospheric magnetic fields in four field Be stars, HD 62367, μ Cen, o Aqr, and ε Tuc. The strongest longitudinal magnetic field, 〈B_z〉 = 117 ± 38 G, was detected in the Be star HD 62367. Among the Be stars studied with time series, one Be star, λ Eri, displays cyclic variability of the magnetic field with a period of 21.12 min. The binary star υ Sgr, in the initial rapid phase of mass exchange between the two components with strong emission lines in the visible spectrum, is a magnetic variable star, probably on a timescale of a few months. The maximum longitudinal magnetic field 〈B_z〉 = –102 ± 10 G at MJD 54333.018 was measured using hydrogen lines. The cluster NGC3766 seems to be extremely interesting, where we find evidence for the presence of a magnetic field in seven early B‐type stars out of the observed fourteen cluster members (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

宇宙微波背景辐射极化的近似解析公式

在宇宙早期的退耦过程中，光子与电子发生Thompson散射．光子气体空间分布的各向异性通过Thompson散射而产生宇宙微波背景辐射的极化，并为最近WMAP观测到．从光子气体的Boltzmann方程出发，采用一般的光深函数，分别积分给出原初密度扰动和残余引力波产生的微波背景辐射极化的近似解析解，结果适用于一般的复合过程．密度扰动FS所产生极化的近似解析解为βS≌-CFs(Td)ΔTd，其中Td和△Td分别为退耦时刻和退耦宽度，系数C≌(0．08—0．12)，明显依赖于复合模型．残余引力波扰动FT产生极化的积分稍微复杂，在长波近似下我们对原初扰动按波数进行幂级数展开，保留到两项FT≌FT^(1) FT(2)，分别积分，给出近似解析解βT≌-[CFT^(1)(Td) DFT^(2)(Td)]ΔTd.第一项的极化与密度扰动类似，结论也相同；但第二项的系数D≌(0．22—0．32)，远大于系数C，我们的近似解析解有助于理解背景辐射的温度一极化交叉关联和检测残余引力波对背景辐射各向异性的贡献．     

On a Property of Gravitational Systems

If one attributes to each component i of a gravitational system a dimensionless parameter ψ _i equal to the ratio of its relative mass (with respect to the mass of the system) to its relative position (with respect to a generally defined radius) and sums up the ψ _i values of all components outside the central core, one obtains a mass distribution index Σψ of the order of unity irrespective of the size or the type of the system. In the case of spiral galaxies (and probable other galactic systems) this property applies not only to the whole galaxy, but also to the matter inside any radius larger than the core radius. The mass distribution index in these systems has a maximum Σψ_* at a certain radius r _*, which strongly correlates with the surface brightness at r _* in galaxies with similar mass to light ratio. The gravitational acceleration of all galaxies at r _* divided by (Σψ_*)² is constant and approximately equal to MOND acceleration parameter. Also, at this radius all galaxies have a surface temperature of the order of the temperature of the cosmic microwave background radiation. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

山东聊城阿城地区含煤地层蜓类化石及其分带

山东聊城地区隐伏的晚古生代含煤地层发育,其中晚石炭—早二叠世太原组灰岩中富含类化石。由三灰、七灰、十灰共鉴定出化石11属45种,自上而下可建立1个类组合带(Pseudoschw agerina带),2个类组合亚带(Triticites paramontiparus亚带;Pseudofusulina firma-Rugosofusulina complicata亚带),该地区所产类组合与华北其他地区及国外相关组合具可比性,Pseudoschw agerina带的时代为早二叠世早期。     

Early Development of Silvetia babingtonii （Fucales,Phaeophyceae）

Silvetia babingtonii is a potentially economic brown alga for sources of food and high-value added utilization.So far,sporeling nursery and field cultivation has not been successful.The lack of knowledge on development and life cycle of this alga hinder the development of techniques for the sporeings and cultivation.In this study,internal structure of oogonium and antherium of S.babingtonii was observed with hematoxylin and eosin staining and through microscope.Meanwhile,early development from zygotes to juvenile sporelings was studied at 20℃ under 60-100 μmol photons m^-2 s^-1.Zygotes germinated and divided into thallus and rhizoid cells.The larger thallus cells further divided and developed into juvenile sporelings; while the smaller rhizoid cells divided and elongated into rhizoid hairs.These findings documented the life cycle ofS.babingtonii and provided fundamental knowledge for sporeling nursery in the near future.     

Horizon problem and inflation

We show that, the part of the universe that is observable today (in principle), could not have evolved out of a domain which was causally connected in the past. This and other issues related to horizon problem in inflationary models are discussed.     

地震预警系统与智能应急控制系统研究

基于实时地震(强震动)观测台网的地震预警和地震应急控制系统是近年来国际上日益引起人们重视的防震减灾手段，它不仅可以减轻地震造成的人员伤亡和降低重大工程次生灾害的发生，而且还可为震后紧急救援和抢修提供依据。对地震预警的基本思想以及地震预警和应急控制系统的国内外建设现状进行综述。     

Active Fire Detection for Fire Emergency Management: Potential and Limitations for the Operational Use of Remote Sensing

The use of the mid-infrared and thermal bands of sensors on board airborne platforms and satellites permits the detection of active fires on the Earths surface. This application has been available to the fire-fighting community for many years. However, limitations in the fire detection capabilities of the sensors and/or the lack of adequate re-visit frequency have prevented the use of these systems for operational forest fire-fighting. In addition to mobile systems, remote sensors positioned on fixed fire-watch towers have also been used for active fire detection. These instruments are often positioned in strategic look-out places to provide continuous monitoring of the surrounding areas. They locate fires through the detection of either hot spots (areas of increased temperature in comparison to the background) or smoke plumes produced by the fires. This article evaluates the use of existing remote sensing systems for active fire detection, with emphasis on the applicability of these systems for fire emergency management and fire-fighting. Long-range remote sensing devices on board satellites are considered, airborne systems are assessed, and short-range fire detection instruments on fixed ground platforms are reviewed. A short introduction to forthcoming satellite systems, which will be based on the combined use of several small satellites, is presented. The advantages and drawbacks of the different systems are evaluated from a fire management perspective.     

浙江早白垩世晚期火山活动与火山—沉积岩系地层划分

系统研究浙江下白垩统“永康群”、“横山组”火山—沉积岩系地层层序，岩石组合，古生物，火山岩同位素年龄和岩石化学、地球化学资料表明：浙江永康群中火山岩成岩时间在距今115～100Ma之间，属早白垩世晚期。火山岩具双峰式特征。大致以江山—上虞和景宁—宁海一线为界，分成衢州—诸暨、永康—宁波、文成—临海3个火山活动带，自西向东火山活动渐次增强，火山活动起始时间稍有后移。根据火山—沉积岩系岩石组合，古生物群特征，火山岩同位素年龄及古地磁资料，提出横山组、中截组、永康群和文成群是早白垩世晚期同一构造发展阶段的产物。     

Comparative paleofloristics of the Albian-early Paleocene in the Anadyr-Koryak and North Alaska Subregions,Part 1: The Anadyr-Koryak Subregion

A high-resolution phytostratigraphic scheme based on plant macrofossils is suggested for the first time for the Albian and Upper Cretaceous of the Anadyr-Koryak Subregion of the North Pacific. Seven phytostratigraphic horizons of the subregion are distinguished based on successive stages in flora evolution substantiated by comprehensive data on described floral assemblages.