曹妃甸填海工程阻断浅滩潮道初期老龙沟深槽的地形变化

通过研究1992、1997、2006年的测深资料,对比分析了横切老龙沟深槽口门处的地形横剖面和大致沿老龙沟深槽轴线的地形纵剖面,可知在此期间深槽内的水深有变浅和淤积的趋势.总体看来,老龙沟深槽的淤积厚度在0.61～4.8 m之间,并且老龙沟深槽轴线也有自东向西迁移的趋势.自2004年曹妃甸填海工程的通岛公路阻断浅滩潮道...     

时差对海洋磁力测量地磁日变改正的影响分析

为研究时差对磁测的影响,基于站间同步地磁日变曲线的特征,尝试采用同步比对法和相关分析法计算两站的时差.结论表明:同步比对法和相关分析法能反映站间真实的时差,当测区范围较小时(至少是在本文实例的两个地磁日变站之间),时差对地磁日变改正的影响很小,海洋磁力测量地磁日变改正时可以忽略其影响.     

Deep 3D structure of the Sydney Basin using gravity modelling

A detailed deep 3D geological model is an important basis for many types of exploration and resource modelling. Renewed interest in the structure of the Sydney Basin, driven primarily by sequestration studies, geothermal studies and coal seam gas exploration, has highlighted the need for a model of deep basin geology, structure and thermal state. Here, we combine gravity modelling, seismic reflection surveys, borehole drilling results and other relevant information to develop a deep 3D geological model of the Sydney Basin. The structure of the Sydney Basin is characteristic of a typical intracontinental rift basin, with a deep north–south orientated channel in the Lachlan Fold Belt basement, filled with up to 4 km of rift volcanics, and overlain with Permo-Triassic sediments up to 4 km thick. The deep regional architecture presented in this study will form the framework for more detailed geological, hydrological and geothermal models.     

西北黄土地区地铁深基坑工程监测的关键技术

根据西北黄土地区第一条地铁——西安地铁近四年地铁基坑工程的监测经验,提出了基坑工程监测的主要内容、作用及其常用监测手段,介绍了轴力监测关键技术;测斜仪量测墙体位移关键技术;地裂缝段地表监测点布设的关键技术;盾构地表监测作用、监测项目、地层移动特征;监测报警注意事项。其中着重分析了黄土地区常用的内支撑形式——钢支撑监测的注意事项及常见异常测量数据的出现原因,提出温度对其测量结果的影响不可忽略。     

Robust design in geotechnical engineering – an update

This paper presents an update for the robust geotechnical design (RGD) methodology, which seeks an optimal design with respect to design robustness and cost efficiency, while satisfying the safety requirements. In general, the design robustness is achieved if the system response is insensitive to the variation in the uncertain input parameters (called “noise factors”). In other words, a design is considered robust if the system response exhibits little variation, even though there is high variation in the input parameters. Robust design achieves this desirable outcome by carefully adjusting ‘design parameters’ (i.e., the parameters that can be controlled by the designer, such as the geometry and dimensions) without reducing the uncertainty in the noise factors. In this paper, the existing RGD methodology is updated with a gradient-based robustness measure and a simplified procedure for seeking the knee point. The RGD methodology and its simplified version (with new updates) are illustrated with three design examples. The results presented in this paper show that the RGD methodology and its simplified version are effective design tools that considers safety, cost and design robustness simultaneously. The advantages of the simplified RGD approach are discussed.     

利津洼陷沙四上亚段深部砂岩的成岩环境演化

为研究利津洼陷沙四上亚段深部砂岩成岩环境,对岩心样品进行偏光、荧光、阴极发光显微镜和扫描电镜观察,辅以粘土矿物含量、元素含量测试.识别出酸性和碱性2种成岩环境,酸性环境以硅质沉淀、碳酸盐矿物溶解、长石溶解或蚀变为高岭石等现象组合为标志,碱性环境以碳酸盐矿物沉淀、长石次生加大、石英溶解等现象组合为标志.总体演化为:同生期,原始沉积流体造成碱性环境;早成岩期,未熟有机质演化形成短期的酸性环境,继承流体形成主体的碱性环境;中成岩A1期(埋深约2700～3200m),有机质成熟形成酸性环境;中成岩A2期(埋深约3200～4200m),深部断裂活动形成碱性环境;中成岩B期(埋深约4200～4400m),第二期充注油气的热演化形成酸性环境.     

极地冰层回转钻进切削热量测试装置的研制

极地冰盖深部“暖冰”层钻进时,由于冰层的温度较高,接近甚至达到冰的压力熔点,回转钻进时产生的切削热量极易使冰屑融化,导致机械钻速慢、取心率低、卡钻事故频发。钻压、转速、切削具结构等参数均对切削热量有一定的影响,有必要设计一套实验装置对切削热量进行测试,从而为设计切削具结构、优化钻进参数组合提供理论依据。以XY-1型岩心钻机钻进系统为平台,利用无线信号传输原理设计了冰层回转钻进切削热量测试实验台。初步测试结果表明,该实验装置能够准确测量钻压、扭矩、切削温度等参数,可用来进行相关的实验研究。     

SYZX绳索取心液动锤在小秦岭金矿田复杂地层深部钻探中的应用

小秦岭金矿田南、北矿带深部找矿钻探施工中,应用SYZX绳索取心液动锤钻进技术,对深孔钻进采取防斜保直钻进,为钻孔的顺利延伸创造了条件,在硬碎地层中钻进,提高回次进尺,提高小时效率,延长钻头寿命,体现出了液动锤技术的优越性,并对液动锤使用中易出现的问题进行了总结。     

YGL-S100型声波钻机及其在深厚覆盖层成孔取样施工实践

为了验证YGL-S100型声波钻机在复杂地层的成孔取样效果,在向家坝水电站深厚覆盖层进行了钻孔试验。阐述了YGL-S100型声波钻机的技术特点、各项参数以及在钻进过程中的施工技术。     

钻井成井工艺对出水量的影响分析及技术措施

通过2口基岩深井施工实例,分析、探讨了钻井成井工艺对出水量的影响以及应采取的针对性技术措施,可为同类水井的钻进成井施工提供一些有益的借鉴。