深反射地震资料处理和解释的初步研究

深反射地震资料处理的关键是从干扰背景中提取和增强深层弱有效信号,提高剖面的信噪比和分辨率.深反射地震剖面的解释要着眼于大的地质构造运动和成因,运用地质规律进行综合地质解释.在解释中,通过分析和研究某些相干干扰波的形成和特点,有助于对深反射地震剖面进行可靠的地质推断解释.     

深井水位固体潮的调和分析结果

使用Venedikov调和分析方法,对8口深井各一年或两年经气压改正后的水位记录,计算了水位固体潮相对于体应变固体潮的振幅比和相位差。本文从相位差的分析结果求解了含水层的渗透率,分析结果还显示出液态地核动力学效应引起的固体潮日波振幅比的共振现象。这是对以往其它观测手段得到的相应结果的支持,同时也说明了深井水位资料中含有非常丰富的地球物理信息。文中还对环境因素和井孔条件造成的某些效应做了探讨。     

The new approach to global deep sounding

The new approach to global geomagnetic sounding is developed to overcome difficulties of spherical harmonical analysis and subsequent transfer function determination. The approach is based on minimizing the discrepancy between experimental and simulated magnetic fields. The discrepancy is considered as a function of the medium model parameters and the coefficients of external fields. The method can be used for laterally inhomogeneous as well as homogeneous earth models. An example of its application to a radially symmetric model is demonstrated.     

Intermediate and deep earthquakes in Spain

Recent improvements in the seismological networks on the Ibero-Maghrebian region have permitted estimation of hypocentral location and focal mechanisms for earthquakes which occurred at South Spain, Alboran Sea and northern Morocco of deep and intermediate depth, with magnitudes between 3.5 and 4.5. Intermediate depth shocks, range from 60 to 100 km, with greater concentration located between Granada and Málaga. Fault-plane solutions of 5 intermediate shocks have been determined; they present a vertical plane in NE-SW or E-W direction. Seismic moments of about 10¹⁵ Nm and dimensions of about 1 km have been determined from digital records of Spanish stations.P-wave forms are complex. This may be explained by the crustal structure near the station, discontinuities in the upper mantle and inhomogeneities near the source. Deep activity at about 650 km has only 3 shocks since 1954 (1954, 1973, 1990). Shocks are located at a very small region. Fault-plane solutions show a consistent direction of the pressure axis dipping 45° in E direction. For the 1990 shock seismic moment is 10¹⁶ Nm and dimensions 2.6 km. TheP-waves are of simpler form with a single pulse. The intermediate and deep activities are not connected and no activity has been detected between 100 and 650 km. The intermediate shocks may be explained in terms of a recent subduction from Africa under Iberia in SE direction. The very deep activity must be related to a sunk detached block of lithospheric material still sufficiently cold and rigid to generate earthquakes.     

深部气层和干层测井模糊综合评判

深部气层和干层的区分是常规测井解释的难题。认识始于实践。本文依据东濮凹陷深层试采资料,建立了两个模式各四个参数的隶属度曲线,进行气层和干层模糊综合评判研究,并用该地区深层试井资料作了检验,效果颇佳。证明模糊综合评判是区分深部气层和干层的一种行之有效的方法。     

四川盆地基底及深部地质结构研究的进展

根据对近年来区域地质、多种地球物理资料和深钻井资料的综合研究，认为四川盆地属扬子板块，岩石圈巨厚，最厚可达２００ｋｍ。川西高原属青藏板块的东缘，同时位于中国南北构造带中段，软流圈呈北东向上隆，岩石圈减薄，其最薄处厚度约７０ｋｍ左右。四川盆地的基底由结晶基底与沉积岩变质基底组成，上震旦统为该地区在扬子古板块形成后的第一套沉积盖层。基底的性质、厚度、埋深在不同地区各不相同，从而决定了盆地内部构造区的划分。基底深断裂对盆地的形成与盖层构造的发展也有重要的控制作用。     

1994年2月16日共和5.8级地震短临预报实况

本文真实地再了１９９４年２月１６日青海共和５．８级地震前前兆异常的发展过程及对该地震的短临预报过程，同时系统地分析了前兆异常在时间，空间及种数上的分布特征。指出，在有一定前兆监测能力的地区，对一些较大地震作出一定的或成功的短临预报是有希望的。