EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS AND NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF REDUCING SECONDARY FLOWS AROUND A SPUR DIKE

1 INTRODUCTION The Yangtze River at the Three Gorges Project (TGP) site meanders with a complex morphology, including ridges like Jiuling Hill that projects into the approach navigation channel (Fig. 1). The approach navigation channel consists of a 530-m…     

A finite difference solution of the shear flow over a circular cylinder

The incompressible viscous shear flow past a circular cylinder is analyzed by solving two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations and pressure Poisson equation using a finite difference method. The shear flow is calculated for Reynolds numbers from 80 to 1000, and shear parameters up to 0.25. The numerical results indicate that the vortex shedding persists at the shear parameters up to 0.25 for the present Reynolds number range. The Strouhal number and the drag coefficient decrease as the shear parameter increases. There is a transverse force acting from the high velocity side toward the low velocity side in the shear flow.     

Fundamental behavior of Vortex Self Induced Vibration (VSIV)

An experimental facility has been designed to study the transverse response of the vortex-induced vibration of a fully submerged horizontal cylinder under the influence of vertical harmonic oscillating motion. The study aims to analyze the vortex self-induced vibration (VSIV) phenomenon which occurs on steel catenary risers (SCR) connected to floating platforms in the deep offshore. These vibrations occur in the absence of a current due to the self-motion of the body caused by a source afar. The experiments were conducted in a tank at the LOC/COPPE/UFRJ (Laboratory of Waves and Current of COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro). The amplitude and frequency of transverse motion are calculated for various Keulegan-Carpenter numbers and reduced velocities. Thanks to both the use of recent instrumentation and very low damping pneumatic bearing, the paper complements the pioneering work by Sumer and Fredsoe (1988) by exhibiting for the first time the trajectories of the VSIV motion. These are classified based on their different configurations such as oval-shape, eight-shape, etc. The Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) tests are used to study the behavior of the flow around the cylinder during different trajectories of VSIV motion.     

On splitter plate coverage for suppression of vortex-induced vibrations of flexible cylinders

Experimental results show how vortex-induced vibration (VIV) amplitudes of flexible cylinders can be reduced up to a 90% by covering less than half of the length of the cylinder with splitter plates elastically mounted to the surface of the cylinder.The VIV amplitude reduction takes place along with drag coefficient reductions of up to a 50% for the reduced velocities investigated.     

涡激振动对船舷安装的相干声纳条带测深系统测量精度影响分析

相干声纳条带测深系统采用船舷安装时,连接系统水下单元的钢管在水流作用下可能发生共振和频率锁定而剧烈振动,其下端的以换能器为主的系统水下单元也会随之摆动,使数据质量和测量精度受到影响。笔者通过分析在实际工作中遇到的问题发现:连接系统水下单元的钢管越长,钢管越容易在低流速条件下发生共振现象;换能器剧烈摆动会造成大量噪音信号;换能器摆动幅度较大时系统的安装校准会失效。本文通过解析计算得出了在现场操作中不同悬挂长度的钢管发生频率锁定时的控制流速以及换能器最大摆动幅度,认为实际工作中换能器距固定点在1.0m以内是可靠的,并对现场操作中如何减弱和避免涡激振动对系统精度的影响提出建议。     

Low latitude dynamical response to vortex split sudden stratospheric warming: An Eliassen Palm Flux perspective

The present work extensively describes the tropical dynamical changes during the Vortex split Major Stratospheric Warming (V-MSW) event occurred in recent decades. For better visualization of high latitude influence of tropical atmosphere, in this study, we have utilized three successive major vortex split warming events occurred in winters 1984/85, 1988/89 and 2008/09. The realistic visualization of planetary wave activity and its tropical response can be achieved by using Eliassen –Palm flux as a diagnostic tool. The investigation reveals that the tropical weather shows significant changes in temperature, convection and wind circulation during the course of vortex split major stratospheric warming.     

Application of a Typhoon Initialization Scheme Based on the Incremental Analysis Updates Technique in a Rapid Update Cycle System

Initialization of tropical cyclones has an important role in typhoon numerical prediction. This study applied a typhoon initialization scheme based on the Incremental Analysis Updates (IAU) technique in a rapid refresh system to improve the prediction of Typhoon Lekima (2019). Two numerical sensitivity experiments with or without application of the IAU technique after performing vortex relocation and wind adjustment procedures were conducted for comparison with the control experiment, which did not involve a typhoon initialization scheme. Analysis of the initial fields indicated that the relocation procedure shifted the typhoon circulation to the observed typhoon region, while the wind speeds became closer to the observations following the wind adjustment procedure. Comparison of the results of the sensitivity and control experiments revealed that the vortex relocation and wind adjustment procedures could improve the prediction of typhoon track and intensity in the first 6-h period, and that these improvements were extended throughout the first 12-h period of the prediction by the IAU technique. The new typhoon initialization scheme also improved the simulated typhoon structure in terms of not only the wind speed and warm core prediction but also the organization of the eye of Typhoon Lekima. Diagnosis of the tendencies of variables showed that use of the IAU technique in a typhoon initialization scheme is efficacious in resolving the spurious high-frequency noise problem such that the model is able to reach equilibrium as soon as possible.     

不同尺度涡旋相互作用对台风的结构和移动的影响

根据大气运动原始方程组导出一个支配台风中心移动的基本方程，方程中包括了非绝热加热，温度场分布，地形与摩擦等各中能影响台风移动的强迫因子。对非绝热加热与水平温度分布的使用所作分析表明，非轴对称的非绝热引导作用可使台风加速、减速或转向运动；温度场上的准区对台风有吸收作用。     

2013年芦山7.0级地震一年尺度预测的回顾性研究——基于三性法、静中动和垂震底继模式

对2013年中期地震预测的研究结果(一年尺度)进行了阐述与分析。该预测综合了三性法判据、静中动判据和垂震底继模式,给出了2013年左右在鲜水河断裂带上发生7级以上大震的可能性很大的结论。重点预测了两个具体发生的区域,预测的区域与2013年4月20日芦山7.0级地震的震源区相差70～80km左右。预测结果震级与时间吻合,但地点上发生了偏离。文中重点回顾研究了基于三性法,静中动、垂震底继方法的预测过程。     

Interaction between a surface quasi-geostrophic buoyancy filament and an internal vortex

This paper focuses on the nonlinear interaction between a surface quasi-geostrophic buoyancy filament and an internal vortex. We first revisit the stability of an isolated buoyancy filament. The buoyancy profile considered is continuous and leads to a continuous velocity field, albeit one with infinite shear just outside its edge. The stability properties of an isolated filament help to interpret the unsteady interaction with a sub-surface (internal) vortex studied next. We find that, in all cases, the filament breaks into billows, analogous in form to those occurring in Kelvin–Helmholtz shear instability. For intense buoyancy filaments, the vortex itself may undergo strong deformations, including being split into several pieces. Generally, the nonlinear interaction causes both the filament and the vortex to lose their respective “self”-energies to the energy of interaction. The flow evolution depends sensitively on whether the vertical vorticity of the filament and the vortex have the same or opposite signs – termed “cooperative” and “adverse” shear respectively. In cooperative shear, the filament rolls up into a coherent surface eddy above a vortex initially placed below it, whereas in adverse shear, buoyancy is expelled above the vortex. Although sufficiently great shear induced by the buoyancy filament may split the vortex in both cases, adverse shear is significantly more destructive.