胶东地区旋扭构造的遥感探测

在卫星图像上的莱州招远南部及平度莱西北部，观测到几个旋扭构造，建立了旋扭构造数学模型。分析了旋扭构造的应力状况。建立了金矿与旋扭构造之间的关系。     

2018年9月丹东连续两次风雹天气的多尺度对比分析

利用高空、地面等常规气象资料和多普勒雷达等气象观测资料,以及NCEP再分析资料,对丹东2018年9月连续出现的两次风雹天气进行对比分析,探讨和总结两次风雹天气过程形成、维持、发展成因的异同。结果表明：中低层切变线、强垂直风切变和辐合抬升有利于风雹天气的发生。高空冷空气的入侵方式和强度、低空急流建立、环境垂直风切变强度对风雹天气剧烈程度有重要影响。两次风雹天气过程分别为东北冷涡型和高空冷槽型,9月6日横槽转竖引导冷空气快速移动并且后方还有冷涡后部的冷空气不断补充,配合850 hPa西南急流带来充沛水汽,使得6日风雹天气现象较3日更加剧烈;两次风雹天气过程在多普勒雷达回波上的特征明显。9月3日的风雹过程由多单体线对流风暴在东移过程中逐渐演变成弓形回波,在径向速度图上有明显的逆风区;9月6日的风雹过程沿地面辐合线激发多个超级单体呈现列车效应移动,径向速度图上出现了速度模糊,有较高的垂直累积液态水含量（Vertical Integrated Liquid water content,VIL）。     

涡旋强度调整半径对2016年第18号热带气旋路径预报的影响

2016年中国国家气象中心区域台风模式（GRAPES_TYM）对第18号热带气旋（记为TC 1618）的路径预报出现了较大的误差:其平均路径误差显著大于全年的平均误差。分析了涡旋初始化方案（包括涡旋重定位以及涡旋强度调整）对其路径预报的影响。结果显示,涡旋强度调整是造成TC1618预报路径平均误差偏大的主要原因。不同的强度调整半径（r₀=12°,9°,6°,3°）对TC1618路径影响的敏感性试验结果显示,强度调整半径越大,其平均路径预报误差越大。500 hPa副热带高压以及平均海平面涡旋尺度分析发现:较大的强度调整半径（r₀=12°,9°）其初始时刻的涡旋尺度较大,涡旋北侧邻近区域副热带高压等值线相对偏北,副热带高压相对偏弱。尺度大的涡旋其北移速度较大,并且在积分过程中其环流邻近区域副热带高压进一步减弱,导致涡旋环流会更早与其西北侧东移的西风槽结合,移速偏快。      

Flow induced vibrations of a sharp edge square cylinder in the wake of a circular cylinder

The response of an oscillating circular cylinder at the wake of an upstream fixed circular cylinder was classified by different researchers as galloping, wake induced galloping or wake induced vibration. Furthermore it is already known that a sharp edge square cylinder would undergo galloping if it is subjected to uniform flow. In this study the influence of the wake of a fixed circular cylinder on the response of a downstream square cylinder at different spacing ratios (S/D = 4, 8, 11) is experimentally investigated. The subject appears not to have received previous attention. The lateral displacements, lift forces and the pressure data from gauges mounted in the wake of the oscillating cylinder are recorded and analyzed. The single degree of freedom vibrating system has a low mass-damping parameter and the Reynolds number ranges from 7.7 × 10² to 3.7 × 10⁴.In contrast to that for two circular cylinders in tandem arrangement, the freely mounted downstream square cylinder displays a VIV type of response at all spacing ratios tested. There is no sign of galloping or wake induced galloping with the square cylinder. With increase at the spacing ratio the cross-flow oscillations decrease. It is shown that the vortices arriving from the upstream fixed circular cylinder play a major role on the shedding mechanism behind the downstream square cylinder and cause the square cylinder to shed vortices with frequencies above Strouhal frequency of the fixed square cylinder (St = 0.13). The VIV type of oscillations in the downstream square cylinder is most probably caused by the vortices newly generated behind the square cylinder.     

The interaction of two co-rotating quasi-geostrophic vortices in the vicinity of a surface buoyancy filament

In this paper, we investigate the interaction between two like-signed quasi-geostrophic uniform potential vorticity internal vortices in the vicinity of a surface buoyancy anomaly filament in a three dimensional, stably stratified and rapidly rotating fluid. The surface buoyancy distribution locally modifies the pressure fields and generates a shear flow. We start the study by first considering the effects of a uniform linear horizontal shear on the binary vortex interaction. We confirm that a cooperative shear facilitates the merger of a pair of vortices while an adverse shear has the opposite effect. We next investigate the binary vortex interaction in the vicinity of the surface buoyancy filament explicitly. Here, not only the filament generates a shear flow, but it also responds dynamically to the forcing by the vortex pair. The filament destabilises and forms buoyancy billows at the surface. These billows interact with the internal vortices. In particular, a surface billow may pair with one of the internal vortices. In such cases, the like-signed internal vortex pair may separate if they are initially moderately distant from each other.     

Calculation of maximum allowable free span length and safety assessment of the DF1-1 submarine pipeline

The DF1-1 submarine pipeline was investigated using a dual-frequency side-scan sonar and a swath sounder system. More than a hundred scour pits under the pipeline were found, most of which have caused the span of the pipeline to increase and threatened its safety. The maximum allowable free span length (MAFSL) of the pipeline was determined through the limitations regarding maximum allowable stress under static or quasi-static loads and the onset of Vortex Induced Vibrations (VIV) under different hydrodynamic actions. The results show that the MAFSL under static conditions is 56 m. However, the MAFSLs are 30 m and 20 m under ordinary weather conditions and hurricane-induced currents for the 100-year return period, respectively, to avoid VIV as calculated by using the highest safety class factor. It is suggested that spanning pipelines longer than 20 m should be supported. Additionally, eight successive spans which may also threaten the pipeline were proposed. The most hazardous scour pits are along the pipeline section from KP42 to KP51.     

Dynamic loads on submerged bodies in a viscous numerical wave tank at small KC numbers

In this paper, an improved version of the MAC method (SIMAC), recently developed at the University of Trieste, is employed for the study of the wave generation and propagation into a numerical wave tank and for the evaluation of dynamic loads over submerged fixed bodies.In the first part of the work, a numerical wave tank was developed. A pneumatic wave-maker at the left-hand side of the tank was implemented by the use of a pressure perturbation at the free surface. The pressure varies in time with a sinusoidal law. Grid sensitivity tests, checks on mass conservation and the Fourier analysis of the waves which propagate in the tank showed the effectiveness of SIMAC in treating such problems. The wave-maker was then calibrated.In the second part of the work, the dynamic loads over submerged square and rectangular cylinders were evaluated. The time records of the horizontal and vertical forces which act over the body were then treated using the Morison equation in order to derive the inertial and damping coefficients. The analysis was carried out for KC numbers ranging between 0.447 and 3.58. Numerical results satisfactorily tallied with experimental data. The analysis of the velocity field near the body evidenced the influence of vortex generation and vortex shedding on the coefficients of inertial forces.     

2007年8月8日乌拉盖地区暴雨天气分析

应用常规气象观测资料、卫星云图和T213数值预报产品,对2007年8月8日乌拉盖地区对流性暴雨天气的成因进行了分析,给出了产生暴雨的对流云团演变特征。     

2014年2月12日新疆于田M_S7.3级地震的回顾性预测讨论

静中动判据、异年倍九律、三性法、高山峰指标是郭增建研究组提出的中期与短期的预测指标。用这几个指标回顾性地讨论了2014年2月12日新疆于田南MS7.3级地震的中期和短临预测。     

宁夏地区"6.8"暴雨天气过程的可能物理成因

本文应用天气学分析及诊断分析方法,对2002年6月8日发生在宁夏的罕见暴雨天气过程进行分析。研究结果表明,暴雨天气是在有利的“东高西低”降水形势下产生的,其主要的触发天气系统是500hPa冷槽、700hPa高原低涡及地面锢囚锋。从动力学理论的分析角度来说,在宁夏地区的垂直方向上风速廓线线性和非线性分布激发产生了中尺度重力惯性波以及涡旋Rossby波,这两种中尺度扰动在切变基流中有可能发生不稳定,最终导致宁夏地区“6．8”暴雨天气过程的产生。而稳定的“东阻形势”和西南低空急流的维持是暴雨爆发与持续的可能主要原因。