老安山隧道洞内控制网的建立及其贯通精度

论述了利用双交叉导线测设长大隧道洞内控制网的方法。该方法能增强洞内导线网形的结构稳定性,提高隧道贯通的精度。     

Magnetic instability in a rapidly rotating cylindrical annulus with a finitely conducting inner core

Abstract

We consider the stability of a toroidal magnetic field B = B(s*) (where (s*,φ,z*) are cylindrical polar coordinates) in a cylindrical annulus of conducting fluid with inner and outer radii s_i and s _o rotating rapidly about its axis. The outer boundary is taken to be either insulating or perfectly conducting, and the effect of a finite magnetic diffusivity in the inner core is investigated. The ratio of magnetic diffusivity in the inner core to that of the outer core is denoted by ηη→0 corresponding to a perfectly conducting inner core and η→∞ to an insulating one. Comparisons with the results of Fearn (1983b, 1988) were made and a good match found in the limits η→0 and η→∞ with his perfectly conducting and insulating results, respectively. In addition a new mode of instability was found in the eta;→0 regime. Features of this new mode are low frequency (both the frequency and growth rate →0 as η→0) and penetration deep into the inner core. Typically it is unstable at lower magnetic field strengths than the previously known instabilities.     

梨树断陷苏家屯油田成藏主控因素及富集规律

结合梨树断陷苏家屯地区油气藏的空间分布特征,深入研究了烃源岩条件、圈闭条件、输导条件及保存条件等方面对油气成藏的控制作用。研究表明:构造、沉积演化特征控制了优质源、储的空间分布;构造背景结合不同输导条件控制了优势运移方向,同时导致不同构造位置的圈闭的含油气性差异明显;多种差异聚集模式共同作用导致圈闭分段捕获、保存油气,控制了油气平面富集程度。     

Well blowout rates and consequences in California Oil and Gas District 4 from 1991 to 2005: implications for geological storage of carbon dioxide

Well blowout rates in oil fields undergoing thermally enhanced recovery (via steam injection) in California Oil and Gas District 4 from 1991 to 2005 were on the order of 1 per 1,000 well construction operations, 1 per 10,000 active wells per year, and 1 per 100,000 shut-in/idle and plugged/abandoned wells per year. This allows some initial inferences about leakage of CO₂ via wells, which is considered perhaps the greatest leakage risk for geological storage of CO₂. During the study period, 9% of the oil produced in the United States was from District 4, and 59% of this production was via thermally enhanced recovery. There was only one possible blowout from an unknown or poorly located well, despite over a century of well drilling and production activities in the district. The blowout rate declined dramatically during the study period, most likely as a result of increasing experience, improved technology, and/or changes in safety culture. If so, this decline indicates the blowout rate in CO₂-storage fields can be significantly minimized both initially and with increasing experience over time. Comparable studies should be conducted in other areas. These studies would be particularly valuable in regions with CO₂-enhanced oil recovery (EOR) and natural gas storage. Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

陆相成熟烃源岩区连通砂体对油气运移的控制作用

基于成熟烃源岩稳态连续排烃机制,分析陆相成熟烃源岩区内连通砂体对油气运移的控制作用,并深入探讨烃源岩内砂体与烃源岩的接触面积、砂泥互层烃源岩层系中砂岩含量、砂体物性、砂体分布及其连续性对排烃效率的影响。结果表明:将连通砂体与烃源岩的接触类型分为垂向沉积相变接触型、侧向沉积相变接触型及交错复合接触型,其中前两者是烃源岩-连通砂体的主要接触类型;烃源岩-连通砂体配置组合以在异常压力驱动下的稳态连续排烃为主;烃源岩内砂体与烃源岩的接触面积越大、砂岩含量越大、砂岩物性越好、砂体分布稳定及连续性好有利于成熟烃源岩排烃,则排烃效率越大,进而控制主要排烃方向和资源量。烃源岩内连通砂体对油气二次运移的作用主要取决于其与烃源岩外连通砂体的分布连续性与物性连通性。如果烃源岩内砂体是孤立的,油气无法运移出烃源岩区,则形成烃源岩内油气藏;如果烃源岩内砂体与烃源岩外砂体分布连续且物性连通,则油气运移距离大,可在更为有利的圈闭分布区成藏。     

Temperature Tolerance of Large Yellow Croaker, Pseudosciaena Crocea （ Richardson ） Associated with Summer Season

Lethal temperature tolerance was determined for about 8 cm, age 0 Pseudosciaena crocea using both slow heating and rapid transfer protocol. The acclimatization temperature was 28 ℃ with summer season, lethal temperature ( LT50 value ) of slow heating protocol ( CTMax ) was 35.0 ℃, and the upper and lower incipient lethal temperatures of rapid transfer protocol were 34.2 ℃ and 17.5 ℃ respectively.     

巷-孔瞬变电磁法在探测含导水构造中的应用

掘进迎头超前探水钻要探清楚含导水构造的空间位置比较困难。常规矿井瞬变电磁在含导水构造探测方面得到了广泛应用,但其存在巷道干扰因素较多等问题。巷-孔瞬变电磁三分量探测技术在钻孔中使接收位置更靠近异常区,降低了巷道内的电磁干扰对测量结果的影响,可针对性地对钻孔附近异常进行三维探查,具有探测精度高、对含导水构造反映敏感等优点。以某煤矿6煤西翼辅运大巷为例,利用掘进工作面超前探放水钻孔,使用巷-孔三分量瞬变电磁超前探测技术探测掘进工作面迎头前方含导水构造的范围及位置。结果表明:巷-孔瞬变电磁探测法可以探测钻孔径向30m以内的含导水地质构造的空间位置与异常大小,效果良好。     

纯导电媒质电导率剖面的一个新的近似反演公式

本文应用微波网络理论导出了重建纯导电媒质电导率剖面的一个新的近似解析式.研究结果表明,本文公式比文献[1]的结果更精确.     

华北型煤田岩溶陷落柱某些问题研究

华北型煤田中发育的岩溶陷落柱是一种特殊类型的岩溶塌陷。本文在专题调查的基础上 ,总结了华北型煤田陷落柱的空间分布规律 ,初步提出了陷落柱宏观预测指标体系 ;从生产实践角度分析了影响陷落柱导水性的相关因素 ,讨论了三种与陷落柱有关的突水通道类型 ,并对陷落柱的鉴别及其与断层突水的区别进行了剖析。     

综采一次采全高顶板导水裂缝带发育高度的计算公式及适用性分析

确定煤层顶板导水裂缝带高度可为顶板防治水、采掘工程布置、防水煤柱留设以及瓦斯抽采设计提供依据。采用井下仰孔注水测渗漏法,实测山西西山煤田镇城底矿8煤导水裂缝带高度为57.98 m,其中冒落带高度16.72 m,裂隙带高度41.26 m。依据实测结果并收集了8个矿综采一次采全高中硬覆岩下导水裂缝带高度数据,利用数理统计回归分析的方法,得出了适用于综采一次采全高中硬覆岩下导水裂缝带高度计算的经验公式,并与《煤矿安全规程》中相应经验公式进行对比分析,结果表明,该公式适用性好,而《煤矿安全规程》中有关公式应用于中厚煤层综采一次采全高开采条件预测,其误差较大。