Application on Anomaly Detection of Geoelectric Field Based on Deep Learning

The deep learning method has made nurnerials achievements regarding anomaly detection in the field of time series. We introduce the speech production model in the field of artificial intelligence, changing the convolution layer of the general convolution neural network to the residual element structure by adding identity mapping, and expanding the receptive domain of the model by using the dilated causal convolution. Based on the dilated causal convolution network and the method of log probability density function, the anomalous events are detected according to the anomaly scores. The validity of the method is verified by the simulation data, which is applied to the actual observed data on the observation staion of Pingliang geoeletric field in Gansu Province. The results show that one month before the Wenchuan M_S8.0, Lushan M_S7.0 and Minxian-Zhangxian M_S6.6 earthquakes, the daily cumulative error of log probability density of the predicted results in Pingliang Station suddenly decreases, which is consistent with the actual earthquake anomalies in a certain time range. After analyzing the combined factors including the spatial electromagnetic environment and the variation of micro fissures before the earthquake, we explain the possible causes of the anomalies in the geoelectric field of before the earthquake. The successful application of deep learning in observed data of the geoelectric field may behefit for improving the ultilization rate both the data and the efficiency of detection. Besides, it may provide technical support for more seismic research.     

三峡工程永久船闸高边坡稳定性研究中的几个主要问题

永久船闸高边坡稳定性问题一直为各方所关注 ,本文利用大量监测资料和测试成果对边坡变形现状 ,开挖结束后的变形趋势 ,岩体卸荷带特征及时效变形等几个方面进行了详细分析 ,并对施工期后边坡岩体的变形与稳定过程 ,以及卸荷带对边坡稳定性的影响等做了预测和评价。     

云南滇池流域强烈灌溉条件下西芹大棚土壤水分动态特征

利用TRIME-T3型TDR仪土壤含水量测量系统和WM-1型负压计系统现场监测了强烈灌溉条件下整个作物生长期西芹大棚土壤水分、土壤负压(基质势)的动态变化;研究表明,不同深度土壤含水量受强烈灌溉的影响程度不同,0.3 m深度处受影响最大,1.0,2.0 m深度处受影响最小;受灌溉的影响,0.3,0.6,1.0 m深度处负压有所波动,其中0.3 m深度处负压的波动幅度最大;2.0 m深度处的土壤一直处于"饱和-非饱和"两种状态的转换之中;在地下水埋深为2.0 m左右,且上部土层的渗透性较差(饱和渗透系数仅为0.04 m/d)的情况下,地下水水位受灌溉的影响极小.     

滑坡时间预报的非平稳时间序列方法研究

本文基于边坡变形破坏的特点,对位移观测数据进行统计分析,利用非平稳时间序列理论就位移观测值建立模型进而作出预报。通过实例验证,该理论方法在边坡变形破坏时间预报中是有效可行的。     

直击雷情况下建筑物内部电磁环境评估方法探讨与实践

雷电电磁脉冲是当前造成雷电灾害的主要原因之一,雷电电磁环境评估对其防护有着重要的作用。目前现有的雷击电磁场仿真软件等存在硬件要求高、建模复杂、运算时间长等问题,难以广泛的运用于防雷管理部门日常业务中。为解决这一问题,文章拟讨论一种快速、有效的针对直击雷情况下雷电电磁环境评估的方法,并能应用于实践中。基于时域有限差分法(FDTD),建立了直击雷情况下建筑物雷电电磁环境评估的模型,并通过某地铁站工程实例的应用,给出了可靠的评估结果,证明了FDTD在建筑物电磁环境评估中应用的可行性。     

Co-seismic deformation derived from GPS observations during April 20th, 2013 Lushan Earthquake,Sichuan, China

We process the standard 30 s, static GPS data and the 1 s, high-rate GPS （HRGPS） data provided by the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China with GAMIT/GLOBK software package, and obtain the co- seismic displacements of near field and far field, and the epoch-by-epoch time series of HRGPS during Lushan earthquake. GPS data from about 20 sites in Sichuan province, which located between 40 and 450 km from the epicenter, are analyzed so as to study the characteristics of the static displacements and the dynamic crustal defor- mations, with periods ranging from several minutes to over a month. The result shows that： the static displacements caused by Lushan earthquake are limited to several centi- meters; the nearest station SCTQ at 43 km from the epi- center has the largest static displacement of about 2 cm, while the other stations generally have insignificant dis- placements of less than 5 mm. the stations in the east ofSichuan-Yunnan region shifts 5-10 mm toward the southwest, and the stations in the middle-west of Sichuan Basin moves indistinctively 1-2 mm toward the northwest; station SCTQ has the largest kinematic displacement of about 4 and 3 cm peak-to-peak on the north and east component, respectively, and is much greater than the static permanent displacement; for the stations located at a distance greater than 150 km from the epicenter, the kinematic motions are generally insignificant; exception- ally, station SCNC and station SCSN in central Sichuan Basin have significant kinematic motions although they are more than 200 km away from the epicenter.     

“地时”(Earthtime)研究计划:“深时”(Deep Time)记录的定年精度与时间分辨率

地质年代的精度、准确度和分辨率的水平决定了人们在多大程度上可以回答一些关于"深时"的生态、气候、生物演化和基础地质问题。目前用于定年和对比的技术主要包括放射性同位素年代学、生物地层学、磁性地层学和旋回地层学等,但各有优缺点,甚至有时不同定年系统所获得的结果存在一些矛盾。"地时"(Earhtime)研究计划就是要开展广泛的国际合作,通过整合、校正和提高地质年代学和定量地层学方法,发展出一套新的地质年代学技术,使地质年代的误差达到0.1%的水平,实现精确确定地球历史的时间及先后顺序。中国东北松辽盆地发育连续、完整的白垩系为开展高分辨率年代学研究提供了机遇,将是对"地时"研究计划在中生代陆相地层中应用的良好补充和重要贡献。     

最小二乘Kirchhoff射线束叠前时间偏移

最小二乘偏移可以消除非规则采集、带限子波等因素对偏移结果的不利影响,提高成像剖面的分辨率和照明度,但巨大的计算成本严重制约了该方法的应用前景.本文基于地震数据的局部平面波合成/分解策略,对传统Kirchhoff时间正演/偏移的计算过程进行改进,发展了一种快速的最小二乘Kirchhoff射线束叠前时间偏移方法.同需要逐道数据映射运算的常规最小二乘Kirchhoff叠前时间偏移相比,本文方法不但具备相当的成像精度和反演收敛速度,同时由于数据的正/反向映射运算只需在稀疏的射线束中心位置进行,因此计算效率得到了大幅度的提升.文中给出的模型和实际数据算例证明了本方法的正确性和有效性.     

时间尺度算法（精密时钟综合算法）的研究

时间尺度是通过综合众多精密时钟得到的。时间尺度的计算目前主要采用类ALGOS算法 ,这类算法的缺点是权值没有准确反映精密时钟噪声参数以及不能使五种噪声分量同时达到优化综合和不能形成实时的时间尺度。从精密时钟综合的优化算法原理出发 ,探讨了精密时钟噪声参数的估计、精密时钟噪声中噪声分量的分解等问题的解决方法 ,并由此提出了较优化的时间尺度算法 (精密时钟综合算法 ) ,还提出了对现有算法的改进意见。     

知识创新与我国时间服务体系建设讨论

介绍了发达国家的时间服务工作及其共同特点 ,讨论了在中国建立完备时间服务体系的问题。指出任何一个大国都需建立自己完备的时间服务体系 ,它涉及国计民生、国家安全。这个完备的时间服务体系应有如下特点 :1、应是国家授权的时间服务体系 ,并作为统一的国家官方时间 ;2、应由国家授权的授时体系和质量监督保障体系和谐构成 ;3、应能开展多层次、多用户的军用、民用时间服务 ;4、应是一个服务内容系列的、技术上多手段的时间服务体系。