日冕分米波射电甚短周期脉动的观测证据

利用国家天文台云南天文台“分米波(700—1500MHz)射电频谱仪”和“四波段太阳射电高时间分辨率同步观测系统”分别于2001年6月24日和1990年7月30日观测到了两个稀少事件，前者是一个小射电爆发，其上升相伴随有短周期(约29、40和100毫秒)的脉动，后者是一个射电大爆发，在2840MHz上产生了周期约30毫秒的射电脉动，还着重讨论其甚短周期(如29—40毫秒)的脉动现象，甚短周期脉动可能是归因于起源在日冕深处不稳定区域的哨声波束周期链对射电辐射的调制，或沉降电子束驱动的静电高混杂波，经由波-波非线性相互作用导致甚短周期的射电脉动。     

太阳硬X射线爆发与行星际质子流量的统计关系

本文根据１９８０年２月至１９８９年１１月期间ＳＭＭ卫星的硬Ｘ射线（ＨＸＲ）暴观测和ＧＯＥＳ卫星的行星际质子积分流量观测，证认出４８个共同样品，统计发现ＨＸＲ暴的寿命Ｔｄ（ｓ）、峰值记数率Ｆｘ（ｃ／ｓ）和爆发期间发射的总光子数ｃ的对数值，与行星际质子积分流量（被归一到耀斑本地）值Ｆｐ的对数值之间，均具有特别显著的线性关系，其中以ｌｏｇＦｐ与ｌｏｇＣ的线性关系为最好，其拟合方程是ｌｏｇＦｐ（＞１０ＭｅＶ）＝一０．６０４＋０．５３８ｌｏｇＣ，相关系数ｒ为０．７０，相对标准误差为０．２８．文中对质子积分流量的预测精度也作了讨论，并给出了置信区间。     

The Big Bear Solar Observatory Ca II K‐line index for solar cycle 23

We present an analysis of 2634 Ca II K‐line full‐disk filtergrams obtained with the 15‐cm aperture photometric full‐disk telescope at Big Bear Solar Observatory during the period from 1996 January 1 to 2005 October 24. Using limb darkening corrected and contrast enhanced filtergrams, solar activity indices were derived, which are sensitive to the 11‐year solar activity cycle and 27‐day rotational period of plages around active regions and the bright chromospheric network. The present work extends an earlier study (solar cycle 22), which was based on video data. The current digital data are of much improved quality with higher spatial resolution and a narrower passband ameliorating photometric accuracy. The time series of chromospheric activity indices cover most of solar cycle 23. One of the most conspicuous features of the Ca II K indices is the secondary maximum in late 2001/early 2002 after an initial decline of chromospheric activity during the first half of 2001. We conclude that a secular trend exists in the Ca II K indices, which has its origin in the bright chromospheric network and brightenings related to decaying active regions. Superposed on this secular trend are the signatures of recurring, long‐lived active regions, which are clusters of persistent and continuously emerging magnetic flux. Such features are less visible, when the activity belts on both side of the equator are devoid of the brightenings related to decaying active regions as was the case in October/November 2003 at a time when a superactivity complex including several naked‐eye sunspots emerged (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

强渗透性地层旋挖钻施工混凝土灌注桩质量通病分析

对强渗透性地层旋挖钻进成孔混凝土灌注桩质量通病进行了分析,总结此类地层必须重视泥浆护壁质量对混凝土灌注桩施工质量的重大影响,必须重视钻斗的活塞抽吸对孔壁的破坏性,建议其验收标准中增加泥浆护壁质量验收,重视清孔后的孔径验收,不可完全沿用与旋挖钻孔泥浆护壁效果有着天壤区别的回转钻、潜水钻成孔混凝土灌注桩的质量验收标准。     

越江盾构隧道结构形变分析与预测

首先通过分析三维激光扫描技术逐环获取的某越江盾构隧道汛期多期水平直径收敛变形与沉降数据,研究越江盾构隧道结构形变与水位相关性关系。然后讨论不同水位情况下盾构隧道收敛变形和道床沉降的趋势,通过汛期监测数据对比分析,得出水位升高状态下导致隧道水平直径收敛变形和沉降增大,水位下降后,水平直径收敛变形呈现回归趋势,并针对盾构隧道水平直径收敛与沉降提出加固措施。最后为预测隧道水平直径收敛变化情况,搜集往期隧道管片水平直径数据,通过Python 运行灰色算法程序预测未来隧道管片水平直径,实现了盾构隧道水平直径收敛精度为1 mm时的精准预测。     

巢湖市水源地铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginosa)藻团粒径时空分布规律

于2011年4-8月按月对巢湖市水源保护湖区不同水深及不同区位的铜绿微囊藻藻团粒径进行抽样调查,利用统计分析方法,归纳了巢湖水源保护湖区铜绿微囊藻藻团粒径的时空分布规律.湖区铜绿微囊藻藻团出现在4月中旬至5月中旬之间,S1与S2点位表层的藻团粒径与中、底层的均存在显著差异.粒径小于200μm的藻团在各水深的分布都比较均匀,没有明显的趋向性;粒径在200~800μm范围内的藻团更易集中在湖水表层;粒径超过800μm的藻团更易集中在湖水底层.各月份外湖区S2点位藻团粒径水平均高于内湖湾S1点位.由于易受短时气象条件的影响,藻团粒径按月时间尺度变化的规律性不强.藻团形状在整个空间分布上没有显著差异性,但随着季节变化,逐渐由狭长形向规则形变化.藻团粒径的分布范围表明,大型仿生式蓝藻清除设备的过滤筛网对水源湖区铜绿微囊藻藻团的理论过滤效率为99.81%.     

应用全球定位系统、太阳光度计和探空仪探测大气水汽总量的对比分析

介绍了应用全球定位系统(GPS)和太阳光度计估算大气水汽总量的方法。大气中的水汽会对GPS信号的传播造成显著的影响,故可以利用GPS观测估算水汽总量或可降水量(PW);在近红外940 nm波段,水汽对太阳直射辐射的吸收作用会直接影响到太阳光度计观测的信号,利用水汽吸收透过率与水汽量的关系,应用太阳光度计的辐射观测资料也可以反演出无云情况下的水汽总量。将锡林浩特观象台2008年5—7月的GPS、CE-318型太阳光度计和探空仪3种观测的水汽量进行了比较,三者对水汽量的变化趋势描述较为吻合,相关系数在0.88以上,说明GPS和太阳光度计都能捕捉到大气中的水汽变化信息;但在水汽量的具体数值上存在差异。统计分析表明:相对于探空来说,GPS-PW稍高于探空值约0.18 g/cm2,太阳光度计PW值则低于探空。太阳光度计便于携带,观测简便;GPS可全天观测无需标定,利用GPS-PW对太阳光度计反演中的模拟参数进行校正是一种可行的方法。     

Review of Hinode results

Hinode is an observatory‐style satellite, carrying three advanced instruments being designed and built to work together to explore the physical coupling between the photosphere and the upper layers for understanding the mechanism of dynam‐ ics and heating. The three instruments aboard are the Solar Optical Telescope (SOT), which can provide high‐precision photometric and polarimetric data of the lower atmosphere in the visible light (388–668 nm) with a spatial resolution of 0.2–0.3 arcseconds, the X‐Ray Telescope (XRT) which takes a wide field of full sun coverage X‐ray images being capable of diagnosing the physical condition of coronal plasmas, and the EUV Imaging Spectrometer (EIS) which observes the upper transition region and coronal emission lines in the wavelength ranges of 17–21 nm and 25–29 nm. Since first‐light observations in the end of October 2006, Hinode has been continuously providing unprecedented high‐quality solar data. We will present some new findings of the sun with Hinode, focusing on those from SOT (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

天津某项目长大桩检测实例分析与探讨

基桩承载力与完整性检测是隐蔽工程验收的关键环节,通常于桩基设计阶段即规划好检测方法,在施工阶段安放好检测设施或解决好地基处理问题,以利于后续检测工作的顺利开展。大直径超长桩因设计承载力大、桩身情况复杂,对检测工作要求较高,更应遵循检测与设计同步的原则。本文所述天津某项目恰恰忽视了基桩检测的事前设计,致使长大桩检测遇到棘手问题。作者在有限条件下通过专业技术分析,利用多年实践经验,因地制宜制定检测方法措施,采取分步加载法解决了大吨位堆载试验对长大桩承载力的验证性试验问题,综合利用低应变法与高应变法解决了长大桩的完整性检测问题,为类似工程提供了宝贵经验。