全文获取类型
收费全文 | 75篇 |
免费 | 19篇 |
国内免费 | 36篇 |
专业分类
大气科学 | 82篇 |
地球物理 | 26篇 |
地质学 | 10篇 |
天文学 | 7篇 |
综合类 | 3篇 |
自然地理 | 2篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 1篇 |
2022年 | 3篇 |
2021年 | 4篇 |
2020年 | 1篇 |
2019年 | 5篇 |
2018年 | 3篇 |
2017年 | 3篇 |
2015年 | 8篇 |
2014年 | 4篇 |
2013年 | 7篇 |
2012年 | 6篇 |
2011年 | 7篇 |
2010年 | 2篇 |
2009年 | 7篇 |
2008年 | 4篇 |
2007年 | 5篇 |
2006年 | 7篇 |
2005年 | 4篇 |
2004年 | 2篇 |
2003年 | 2篇 |
2002年 | 3篇 |
2000年 | 1篇 |
1999年 | 1篇 |
1998年 | 3篇 |
1997年 | 1篇 |
1996年 | 4篇 |
1995年 | 2篇 |
1994年 | 1篇 |
1993年 | 3篇 |
1992年 | 3篇 |
1991年 | 1篇 |
1990年 | 5篇 |
1989年 | 1篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 6篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1954年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有130条查询结果,搜索用时 78 毫秒
121.
C. V. Srinivas R. Venkatesan K. M. Somayaji A. Bagavath Singh 《Journal of Earth System Science》2006,115(5):557-574
A simulation study of the sea breeze circulation and thermal internal boundary layer (TIBL) characteristics has been carried
out at the tropical site Kalpakkam on the east coast of India, for operational atmospheric dispersion prediction. The community
based PSU/NCAR MM5 Meso-scale meteorological model is used for the study. Three cases on typical days in summer (24 May 2003),
southwest (SW) monsoon (1 July 2001) winter season (2 February 2003) with different large-scale flow pattern are studied.
The MM5 model is used with 3 nested domains with horizontal grid resolutions 18 km, 6 km and 2 km and 26 vertical levels.
The model is integrated for 24 hours in the above cases with initial and boundary conditions taken from NCEP-FNL analyses
data. Observations of 10 meteorological stations and coastal boundary layer experiments conducted at Kalpakkam are used for
comparison and validation of the simulation. The characteristics of simulated sea breeze and TIBL at Kalpakkam are seen to
vary in the above cases according to the prevailing large-scale winds and surface fluxes. The sea breeze circulation is seen
to develop early with larger strength and inland propagation in the summer case under the influence of moderate synoptic wind
and strong heating conditions than in the SW monsoon and winter cases. The horizontal and vertical extents of TIBL are found
to be larger in the summer case than in other cases. Although model parameters agree in general with observations, all the
fine features are not clearly captured and some slowness in model sea breeze development is also seen. The results indicate
the need to improve i) the initial conditions by assimilation of available surface/upper air observations to reduce model
bias and ii) surface net radiation parameterisation. The model could predict the essential features of the local circulation
and further improvement is expected with better initial condition data and incorporation of more realistic surface data. 相似文献
122.
J. K. Angell 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1980,118(1):378-386
Examined are temperature and ozone variations in the Northern Hemisphere stratosphere during the period 1958–77, as estimated from radiosondes rocketsondes, ozonesondes, and Umkehr measurements. The temperature variation in the low tropical stratosphere is a combination of the variation associated with the quasi-biennial oscillation, and a variation nearly out of phase with the pronounced 3-yearly temperature oscillation (Southern Oscillation) present in the tropical troposphere since 1963. Based on radiosonde and rocketsonde data, the quasibiennial temperature oscillation can be traced as high as the stratopause, the phase varying with both height and latitude. However, the rocketsonde-derived temperature decrease of several degrees Celsius in the 25–55 km layer of the Western Hemisphere between 1969 (sunspot maximum) and 1976 (sunspot minimum) is not apparent in high-level radiosonde data, so that caution is advised with respect to a possible solar-terrestrial relation.There has been a strong quasi-biennial oscillation in ozone in the 8–16 km layer of the north polar region, with ozone minimum near the time of quasi-biennial west wind maximum at a height of 20 km in the tropics. A quasi-biennial oscillation in ozone (of similar phase) is also apparent from both ozonesonde data and Umkehr measurements in 8–16 and 16–24 km layers of north temperate latitudes, but not higher up. Both measurement techniques also suggest a slight overall ozone decrease in the same layers between 1969 and 1976, but no overall ozone change in the 24–32 km layer. Umkehr measurements indicate a significant 6–8% increase in ozone amount in all stratospheric layers between 1964 and 1970, and in 1977 the ozone amount in the 32–46 km layer was still 4% above average despite the predicted depletion due to fluorocarbon emissions. The decrease in ozone in the 32–46 km, layer of mid latitudes following the volcanic eruptions of Agung and Fuego is believed to be mostly fictitious and due to the bias introduced into the Umkehr technique by stratospheric aerosols of volcanic origin. Above-average water vapor amounts in the low stratosphere at Washington, DC, appear closely related to warm tropospheric temperatures in the tropics, presumably reflecting variations in strength of the Hadley circulation. 相似文献
123.
中部型ENSO和平流层准两年振荡对冬季北半球平流层臭氧的联合调制作用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用观测和再分析资料通过合成分析方法,研究了中部型ENSO和平流层准两年振荡(QBO)对冬季北半球平流层臭氧的独立影响和联合调制作用。研究表明,北半球平流层臭氧在中部型厄尔尼诺年增加,而在中部型拉尼娜年减少;准两年振荡东风位相年份,北半球平流层臭氧增加,准两年振荡西风位相结果则相反。相比之下,北半球中、高纬度平流层臭氧异常对准两年振荡活动的响应明显小于其对ENSO活动的响应。进一步研究发现,准两年振荡东风位相会加强中部型厄尔尼诺事件引起的北半球平流层臭氧的增加,而减弱中部型拉尼娜事件造成的平流层臭氧的减少。在准两年振荡西风位相下,中部型厄尔尼诺事件仅导致北半球平流层臭氧含量少量升高,而中部型拉尼娜事件期间臭氧会大幅度减少。因此,准两年振荡东风位相会加强中部型厄尔尼诺事件对北半球平流层臭氧的影响,而减弱中部型拉尼娜事件对北半球平流层臭氧的影响。准两年振荡西风位相会减弱中部型厄尔尼诺而加强中部型拉尼娜事件对北半球平流层臭氧的影响。 相似文献
124.
本文利用美国国家大气环境中心(NCAR)的二维化学、辐射和动力相互作用的模式(SOCRATES),模拟了大气中N2O增加对O3和温度的影响,并从化学、辐射和动力过程讨论了影响原因,此外还与大气甲烷和平流层水汽增加对大气环境的影响进行了对比.分析表明:大气中N2O浓度增加以后,将通过化学过程引起30 km以上O3损耗,30~40 km损耗较多;30 km以上降温明显,下平流层中低纬度地区以及对流层O3增加并有微弱升温;30~40 km附近,北半球中高纬地区O3减少以及降温幅度都大于南半球.对流层升温主要是N2O和O3增加所致,而平流层温度变化主要受O3控制.北半球中高纬地区动力过程对温度变化的反馈较其它地区明显,这种反馈对平流层中高层北半球中高纬地区温度和O3的变化都有明显影响.大气中甲烷增加引起的O3损耗在45 km以上,45 km以下O3增加.平流层水汽增加会引起40 km以上O3减少,20~40 km大部分地区O3增加.N2O增加造成的O3损耗正好位于臭氧层附近,其排放对未来O3层恢复至关重要.N2O增加引起下平流层15~25 km中低纬度地区有弱的升温,这与其它温室气体增加对该地区温度的影响不同,CO2,CH4和H2O等增加后下平流层通常是降温. 相似文献
125.
126.
Contribution of the MODIS instrument to observations of deep convective storms and stratospheric moisture detection in GOES and MSG imagery 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Past studies based on the NOAA/AVHRR and GOES I-M imager instruments have documented the link between certain storm top features referred to as the “cold-U/V” shape in the 10–12 μm IR band imagery and plumes of increased 3.7/3.9 μm band reflectivity. Later, similar features in the 3.7/3.9 μm band have been documented in the AVHRR/3 1.6 μm band imagery.The present work focuses on storm top observations utilizing the MODIS data. The MODIS instrument (available onboard NASA's EOS Terra and Aqua satellites) provides image data with significantly better geometrical resolution (in some of its bands) and broader range of spectral bands as compared to that from AVHRR/3 observations. One of the goals of this study is to evaluate the contribution of this new instrument to observations of convective storm tops. Besides the cloud top features linked to storm top microphysics and morphology, the paper also addresses the possibility of detection of lower stratospheric water vapor above cold convective storm tops. This issue is explored utilizing MODIS as well as GOES and MSG imagery.In addition, the paper discusses an alternative interpretation of the “cold-U/V” patterns at the top of intense storms by a mechanism of “plume masking” as suggested by some of the observations. 相似文献
127.
128.
氢气作为同等外界条件下密度最小的气体被广泛运用于社会经济活动的某些领域,如大气探测,空中拍摄,节日庆典升空彩球等。但是,由于氢气又是易燃易爆气体,违规操作又会造成极大的危险。本文在总结日常灌充、施放氢气球工作中的经验教训的基础上,结合规范要求,从7个方面讨论了氢气球充灌和施放过程中的安全风险及规避措施,希望能对同行的相关工作有所帮助。 相似文献
129.
北京大气边界层中风和温度廓线的观测研究 总被引:29,自引:4,他引:29
为了研究冬季北京城区大气边界层结构的特征,分别在城区和郊区4个观测点利用系留气艇在2001年1月5~13日和2月21~28日进行了大气廓线探测,并分析了温度和风廓线垂直变化的基本特征.初步结果显示城市热岛效应十分明显,热岛强度随高度增加而递减,近地层热岛强度在晴天最大可达到4℃左右.除了近地层郊区的风速大于城区外,城区和郊区风速的垂直分布特征有较大差异.在100~200m高度以下,城区和郊区风速和风向随高度分布都出现了明显的拐点,300 m以上高度风向和风速基本趋于一致,表明城区和郊区的风廓线均受到城市覆盖层的影响.随着北京市区的规模不断扩大,在今后探测中应考虑郊区测点的代表性. 相似文献
130.