银河系疏散星团中的蓝离散星(英文)

作为目前研究复杂恒星系统的有力工具 ,星族合成方法是建立在单星演化理论基础之上的 ,因此 ,必然有其不完善性存在 ,尤其当系统中的双星成分不容忽视时。作为演化星族合成方法的基本单元 ,简单恒星星族模型的构成即排除了双星贡献。本文中 ,我们以银河系疏散星团为简单恒星星族模板 ,构造出一系列简单恒星星族积分光谱。从中我们可以看到 :蓝离散星这类理论上主要来源于双星系统的恒星 ,对星团积分光谱的紫外及蓝端有很大影响 ,从而造成简单恒星星族积分光谱能量分布的改变。这种改变势必影响对星团年龄及其它一些物理参量的判定 ,并最终影响星族合成的结果。同时 ,若以 (B -V )色指数进行度量 ,蓝离散星对简单恒星星族积分颜色的影响可达到 30 %。工作中 ,我们选取了 2 6个年龄在1x10 1 0 ～ 6x10 1 0 年之间的疏散星团为样本进行统计研究。     

动态应力作用与地震机制的初步研究

运用三维非线性动态有限元计算仿真方法研究了动态应力的作用及其与地震机制的关系. 结果表明地震产生的冲击力在加载与卸载过程中形成的应力波,在遇断层时多次反射并发生半波损失,反射的应力波叠加或干涉而形成的动态应力使围压减小和波动. 地震动态应力使围压产生低值波动,一方面使围压减小、摩擦力减小;另一方面,使裂纹串通、介质松动、接触面变平,降低摩擦系数、减小剪切强度. 由此均导致抗剪强度降低,从而触发地震. 动态应力作用时间短,触发地震大小与动态应力大小成正比、与距离成反比,触发地震位置、过程与孕震体断层产状有关.     

The Cannon: A Data Driving Approach to Stellar Label Determination

The new generation of large sky area spectroscopic survey project has produced nearly 10 million low-resolution stellar spectra. Based on these spectroscopic data, this paper introduces a machine learning algorithm named The Cannon. This algorithm is completely based on the known spectroscopic data of stellar atmospheric parameters (effective temperature, surface gravity, and metal abundance, etc.), this algorithm builds the characteristic vector by means of data driving, and establishes the functional relation between spectral flux characteristics and stellar parameters. Then it is applied to the observed spectral data to calculate the atmospheric parameters. The main advantage of The Cannon is that it is not directly based on any stellar physical models, it has an even higher applicability. Moreover, because of the use of full-spectrum information, even for the spectra with a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), it still can obtain the parameter solutions of high reliability. This algorithm has significant advantages in the data processing and parameter determination of large-scale stellar spectra. In addition, this paper presents two examples of using The Cannon to obtain the stellar parameters of K and M giants from the LAMOST spectral data.     

基于样条函数的恒星光谱自动归一化方法

恒星的观测谱一般由连续谱、谱线和噪声组成,其中连续谱是黑体辐射导致的辐射流量随波长变化的光滑连续光谱。光谱分类及恒星物理参数估计等研究依赖于连续谱及谱线信息的准确提取。因此光谱数据处理的工作主要是拟合连续谱,并通过对光谱进行归一化来提取谱线特征。连续谱拟合的方法主要有多项式拟合、中值滤波、小波滤波等。已有的方法在低信噪比、宇宙线信号干扰、存在发射线等情况下,有不同程度的局限性,体现在鲁棒性和准确度上。目前,针对郭守敬望远镜的10 7条光谱没有自动化方法应用到归一化上的问题,研究并开发一种适用于不同的温度、信噪比及波长覆盖范围,并能够自动化处理的恒星光谱归一化方法,显得十分迫切。在仔细分析不同类型光谱的基础上,提出了一种基于固定窗口划分的连续谱拟合方法。该方法对光谱中能够体现连续谱特征的数据点进行筛选提取,通过细微地控制样条函数平滑度产生更加准确的连续谱。使用郭守敬望远镜中不同光谱型、温度范围、波长覆盖范围的光谱进行实验,结果表明,该方法具有良好的精度和普适性。     

徐州市城市空间扩展与交通脉动研究

本文利用多时段TM影像图和城市规划图,采用GIS空间分析技术,运用象限方位分析方法对徐州市城市空间扩展强度、重心坐标等指数进行定量分析,生成交通建设与城市规模的相关系数矩阵,研究该市城市空间扩展与交通脉动的变化规律.结果表明:1979 2008年间,受城区主干道路、高速公路、高速铁路等重大交通设施建设影响,徐州市城市...     

Consequences of clumping in hot-star winds

It seems more and more likely that one will have to abandon the paradigm of smooth outflows from (hot) stars in favour of a clumpy structure, possibly in a fractal-like hierarchy on all scales. Observationally, this is best established for Wolf-Rayet star winds (e.g. scaling laws, mass-spectrum, anisotropy,...), for which the consequences of clumping are discussed. These include four broad categories, which are outlined in this review: (a) an ideal laboratory for studying time-dependent astrophysical turbulence, (b) potential tracers of hot-wind global structure parameters, (c) reduced mass-loss rates, and (d) impact on massive binary studies.     

PSDF: Particle Stream Data Format for N-body simulations

We present a data format for the output of general N-body simulations, allowing the presence of individual time steps. By specifying a standard, different N-body integrators and different visualization and analysis programs can all share the simulation data, independent of the type of programs used to produce the data. Our Particle Stream Data Format, PSDF, is specified in YAML, based on the same approach as XML but with a simpler syntax. Together with a specification of PSDF, we provide background and motivation, as well as specific examples in a variety of computer languages. We also offer a web site from which these examples can be retrieved, in order to make it easy to augment existing codes in order to give them the option to produce PSDF output.     

STELLA: Two New Robotic Telescopes for Binary-Star Research

Several new robotic telescopes had or will see first light in 2005/2006 and are designed for either wide-field imaging, high-precision photometry or even for high-resolution echelle spectroscopy. These telescopes are in the 1–2 m class and therefore will focus on very specific tasks. Here, I present an update of the robotic STELLA facility currently under construction in Tenerife and emphasize its science capabilities for binary-star research. Among the many science applications of STELLA is the monitoring of magnetic activity in single and binary stars and their relation to age, rotation rate, metallicity and binarity per se.The AIP STELLA team members are T. Granzer, M. Weber, M. Woche, M. I. Andersen, J. Bartus, S.-M. Bauer, F. Dionies, T. Fechner, H. Korhonen, J. Paschke, E. Popow, A. Ritter, A. Schwope, A. Staude, A. Washuettl     

Evolutionary Status of Late-type Contact Binaries: Case of a 1.2+1 M ⊙ Binary

It is argued that typical W UMa-type stars are old, advanced evolutionary objects, similar to Algols, in the sense that they are past mass exchange resulting in a mass ratio inversion. Their secondaries are oversized due to depletion of hydrogen, and in many cases they possess small helium cores. An alternative evolutionary scenario leading to such a configuration is presented. Differences between the evolution of binaries with the initial mass ratio far and close to unity are discussed.