On Convection Driven Dynamos in Rotating Spherical Shells

Solutions for chaotic dynamos driven by thermal convection in a rotating spherical shell are obtained numerically for different Prandtl numbers. The influence of this parameter which is usually suppressed in the magnetostrophic approximation is emphasized in the present analysis.     

半拉格朗日方法在全球原始方程模式中的实现

简单介绍了半拉格朗日平流方案的基本概念,并详细总结了基估全球原始方程模式,特别是在ＩＦＳ的具体实现过程,拉格朗日平流的观点是着流体质点看流体运动,基贩关键是流体轨迹的计算。轨迹中点和起始点水平坐标的示得可以利用球面三角,直接在球极坐标中进行,并采用一些较高的近似。为了充分获得半拉格朗日方案析益处,在起始点的内插能工巧匠春阶数至少应在四阶以上,为避免昂贵的三维三次内插,可以采用三维“准三次”内插 。     

分离式靶标摄影测量在LAMOST中的应用

为了获取LAMOST焦面板上光纤的零位位置,提出了一种基于分离式标准靶标的高精度摄影测量方法。首先,根据Tsai摄像机标定参数模型介绍了CCD相机的标定原理。然后介绍了用光重心算法求取靶标发光点像面坐标及通过球面三角公式计算靶标发光点物面坐标。接着,利用最小二乘法导出了含标定参数的方程组。最后,介绍了标准靶标的放置方法以及提高光纤位置测量精度的靶标取法。实验结果表明:CCD相机的标定残差平均值为8.8μm;标定残差的标准差为5.3μm。测量方法简单易行,通过仔细分析,找出了残差偏大的原因,对后续进一步测量实验有重要指导意义。     

Mode of a spherical cavity’s thermo-elastodynamic response in a saturated porous medium for non-torsional loads

The thermo-hydro-elastodynamic model (THED), in which the thermo-osmosis and thermal-filtration phenomenon in a two-phase porous thermoelastic medium can be considered, was previously presented by the authors [Ganbin Liu, Kanghe Xie, Rongyue Zheng. Model of nonlinear coupled thermo-hydro-elastodynamics response for a saturated poroelastic medium. Sci China (Ser E) 2009;52(8):2373–83] and is used in this paper to investigate the thermo-elastodynamic response of a spherical cavity in a saturated poroelastic medium when subjected to a time-dependent non-torsional thermal/mechanical source. The Separated Variable Method is introduced, and the non-zero displacement potentials are expanded in terms of the Legendre polynomial. Solutions for the displacement, temperature increment, pore pressure and stress are obtained in the domain of the Laplace transform. Numerical results are also performed for different modes and are compared with the results of the thermoelastic model (TED) to ascertain the validity and the difference between these two models.     

Dynamics of Mass-Loaded Wind

The structure of a steady state, spherically symmetric flow with a distributed mass source and sink is examined in this paper: the source corresponds to the arrival of mass from vaporizing clouds and the sink, to the possible condensation of gas owing to a thermal instability. Depending on the efficiency of the mass source, three types of flow can exist: (a) supersonic or subsonic flows everywhere, and flows with (b) one or (c) two critical (sonic) points. Condensation of the gas shifts the critical point (if it exists) outward. External gravitation does not change the flow structure qualitatively, unlike in the case of flows without mass sources and sinks.__________Translated from Astrofizika, Vol. 48, No. 2, pp. 315–329 (May 2005).     

Band-limited functions on a bounded spherical domain: the Slepian problem on the sphere

The Slepian problem consists of determining a sequence of functions that constitute an orthonormal basis of a subset of ℝ (or ℝ²) concentrating the maximum information in the subspace of square integrable functions with a band-limited spectrum. The same problem can be stated and solved on the sphere. The relation between the new basis and the ordinary spherical harmonic basis can be explicitly written and numerically studied. The new base functions are orthogonal on both the subspace and the whole sphere. Numerical tests show the applicability of the Slepian approach with regard to solvability and stability in the case of polar data gaps, even in the presence of aliasing. This tool turns out to be a natural solution to the polar gap problem in satellite geodesy. It enables capture of the maximum amount of information from non-polar gravity field missions. Received: 10 June 1998 / Accepted: 20 May 1999     

中国对虾淋巴器官中球形病毒的电镜观察

应用光镜和电镜对中国对虾淋巴器官的显微结构和超微结构进行观察,结果表明,淋巴器官的盲管主要由内皮细胞和基质细胞构成,细胞间隙内充满着大量的以颗粒细胞为主的血细胞,     

球坐标系下三维大地电磁正演研究

大地电磁正演理论研究热点一直以来主要集中在如何提高计算效率和精度,但在剖面足够长、探测深度足够大的情况下,传统的笛卡尔坐标系数值模拟方式难以准确拟合地球曲率形态.本文研究了基于球坐标系的三维大地电磁正演,推导了交错网格有限差分三维正演公式,与一维解析解和三维标准模型测试对比,验证了正演算法的正确性.通过理论模型计算,对比分析球坐标和笛卡尔坐标系正演结果表明：球坐标系模拟更合理,避免了传统笛卡尔坐标拉伸投影所引入的误差,可代替目前的笛卡尔坐标模拟方法.基于球坐标和笛卡尔坐标系的三维大地电磁正演响应值随着频率变低差异越明显.球坐标和笛卡尔坐标计算结果差异度与频率、模型结构和电阻率有关.本文模型计算结果在数万秒周期处已出现接近10%的差异,对于较大尺度的长周期大地电磁,地球曲率的影响不能忽略.     

三维层状黏弹性半空间中球面SH、P和SV波源自由场

采用刚度矩阵方法结合Hankel积分变换,求解了层状黏弹性半空间中球面SH、P和SV波的自由波场.首先,在柱坐标系下建立层状黏弹性半空间的反轴对称(柱面SH波)和轴对称(柱面P-SV波)情况精确动力刚度矩阵.进而由Hankel变换将空间域内的球面波展开为波数域内柱面波的叠加,然后将球面波源所在层的上下端面固定,求得固定层内的动力响应和固定端面反力,将固端反力反向施加到层状黏弹性半空间上,采用直接刚度法求得固端反力的动力响应,叠加固定层内和固端反力动力响应,求得波数域内球面波源动力响应.最后由Hankel积分逆变换求得频率-空间域内球面波源自由场,时域结果由傅里叶逆变换求得.文中验证了方法的正确性,并以均匀半空间和基岩上单一土层中球面SH、P和SV波为例分别在频域和时域内进行了数值计算分析.研究表明基岩上单一土层中球面波自由场与均匀半空间情况有着本质差异;基岩上单一土层中球面波位移频谱峰值频率与场地固有频率相对应,基岩面的存在使得基岩上单一土层地表点的位移时程非常复杂,振动持续时间明显增长;阻尼的增大显著降低了动力响应的峰值,同时也显著减少了波在土层的往复次数.     

2015年尼泊尔M_S8.1地震的地壳重力均衡背景与地表形变响应特征

对2015年尼泊尔MS8.1地震的地壳均衡背景及其引起的地表形变特征进行了研究,结果表明:(1)尼泊尔MS8.1地震震中以南的印度板块岩石圈有效弹性厚度大约为9km,加载主要来自地幔;地震以北的拉萨地块岩石圈有效弹性厚度大约为2km,加载主要来自地表.(2)尼泊尔MS8.1地震震中以南地区的地壳均衡异常大约为-100mGal(10-5 m·s-2),但其北部的地壳均衡异常则为300~400mGal,尼泊尔MS8.1地震发生在地壳均衡负异常向正异常过渡的高梯度带上.(3)尼泊尔MS8.1地震使震中周围地区的地壳整体向南运动,最大水平位移超过1.5m,分布在震中东南.震中以北的同震垂向位移总体为负值,最大下降幅度超过0.5m,同震重力变化总体为正值,最大超过60μGal(10-8 m·s-2);震中以南的垂向位移总体为正值,最大升幅超过0.7m,同震重力变化总体为负值,最大降幅超过-120μGal.(4)尼泊尔MS8.1地震使"世界屋脊"喜马拉雅山脉产生沉降,最大同震降幅超过120mm,震后松弛效应将使"世界屋脊"持续缓慢下降.该强震使世界最高峰珠穆朗玛峰降低了2~3mm,有可能被GPS、InSAR等现代大地测量工具检测到.