On a semi-inverse problem in the motion of gyrostat satellites

In this paper we study the equilibrium orientation of a gyrostat satellite in the gravity field of a point mass. Direct problem is to find all possible equilibrium orientation when the relative angular momentum vector is given. Inverse problem is to find this relative angular momentum in order to obtain equilibrium in a given orientation. Semi-inverse problem is solved here when some parameters (but not all) giving orientation of the satellite are chosen arbitrarily, giving for what choices real solutions occur.     

The mapping of Kaula's solution into the orbital reference frame

Kaula's celebrated solution to the problem of satellite motion in the gravitational field of a rigid body is transformed to give the perturbation spectra in both position and velocity in the radial, transverse and normal directions of the orbital reference frame. This work is an extension and a refinement of the theory of orbital perturbations due to the geopotential previously published by Rosborough and Tapley (1987).     

Analytical linear perturbation theory for highly eccentric satellite orbits

Kaula's satellite linear perturbation theory has been extended for the case of highly eccentric orbits by using elliptic function expansions.On leave from Institute of Applied Astronomy, St.-Petersburg     

用SLR数据导出的地心运动结果

在利用卫星激光测距(Satellite Laser Ranging，简称SLR)资料研究地心运动时，将抗差估计和方差分量估计引入列数据处理中，根据1996年1月至2000年12月的Lageos2观测数据，分别采用直接法和动力法，计算出了2组相对于ITRF2000参考框架原点的地心运动序列。对计算结果进行了分析，得出了地心运动的平均值、变化速率及其周年项、半年项的振幅和相位，并与其他采用SLR资料计算的结果进行了比较。通过比较和分析，发现地心运动存在着近周年和近半年的周期分量，但地心运动的长期变化并不明显。     

卫星云图和数值产品结合的讯期强降水预警系统

本文采用卫星云图分析和数值产品释用相结合的技术路线，对汛期强降水在红外云图、水汽图、可见光云图上的特征从形态学、统计学等方面进行了研究，获得了汛期强降水云团的特征结构，并结合数值预报产品，建立了汛期强降水云团预警系统。     

业务集合预报系统的现状及展望

集合预报系统从原理上讲也可称之为概率预报系统，其最终目的是要提供所有大气变量的完全概率预报，近几年集合预报技术从以前仅考虑初值的不确定性发展为也考虑模式的不确定性，进而发展了多模式－多分析集合预报技术等，阐述了目前业务集合以预报的一些问题，如扰动初值的生成，多模式集合预报，集合预报产品的应用，检验评价等，介绍了近几年集合预报的新进展及该技术的未来发展趋势。     

Accurate absolute GPS positioning through satellite clock error estimation

 An algorithm for very accurate absolute positioning through Global Positioning System (GPS) satellite clock estimation has been developed. Using International GPS Service (IGS) precise orbits and measurements, GPS clock errors were estimated at 30-s intervals. Compared to values determined by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, the agreement was at the level of about 0.1 ns (3 cm). The clock error estimates were then applied to an absolute positioning algorithm in both static and kinematic modes. For the static case, an IGS station was selected and the coordinates were estimated every 30 s. The estimated absolute position coordinates and the known values had a mean difference of up to 18 cm with standard deviation less than 2 cm. For the kinematic case, data obtained every second from a GPS buoy were tested and the result from the absolute positioning was compared to a differential GPS (DGPS) solution. The mean differences between the coordinates estimated by the two methods are less than 40 cm and the standard deviations are less than 25 cm. It was verified that this poorer standard deviation on 1-s position results is due to the clock error interpolation from 30-s estimates with Selective Availability (SA). After SA was turned off, higher-rate clock error estimates (such as 1 s) could be obtained by a simple interpolation with negligible corruption. Therefore, the proposed absolute positioning technique can be used to within a few centimeters' precision at any rate by estimating 30-s satellite clock errors and interpolating them. Received: 16 May 2000 / Accepted: 23 October 2000     

Spherical Tikhonov regularization wavelets in satellite gravity gradiometry with random noise

 A special class of regularization methods for satellite gravity gradiometry based on Tikhonov spherical regularization wavelets is considered, with particular emphasis on the case of data blurred by random noise. A convergence rate is proved for the regularized solution, and a method is discussed for choosing the regularization level a posteriori from the gradiometer data. Received: 23 March 2000 / Accepted: 20 September 2000     

The Atmospheric Boundary-Layer Structure Within A Cold Air Outbreak: Comparison Of In Situ, Lidar And Satellite Measurements With Three-Dimensional Simulations

A cold-air outbreak over the Mediterranean, associated with a Tramontane event, has been simulated with the atmospheric non-hydrostatic model Meso-NH using a horizontal resolution of 2 km. Results are compared with in situ aircraft, airborne lidar and satellite measurements. On average, the mean and turbulent parameters simulated in the surface layer and mixed layer compared well with in situ measurements. The model was able to reproduce accurately the Foehn effect in the wake of Cape Creus, as well as the occurence of rolls in the coastal region in connection with cloud streets observed with AVHRR. Over the sea, the threshold value of turbulent kinetic energy defining the height of the atmospheric boundary-layer top in the model (defined as 25% of the maximum turbulent kinetic energy in the profile) enables the simulated atmospheric boundary-layer height to match the one retrieved from lidar measurements. Nevertheless, the model did not handle very well the abrupt gradients of all meteorological parameters observed at the top of the atmospheric boundary-layer. Reasons for this are investigated.