A Closure Study of Aerosol Hygroscopic Growth Factor during the 2006 Pearl River Delta Campaign

Measurements of aerosol physical, chemical and optical parameterswere carried out in Guangzhou, China from 1 July to 31 July 2006 during thePearl River Delta Campaign. The dry aerosol scattering coefficient was measuredusing an integrating nephelometer and the aerosol scattering coefficient forwet conditions was determined by subtracting the sum of the aerosol absorptioncoefficient, gas scattering coefficient and gas absorption coefficient from theatmospheric extinction coefficient. Following this, the aerosol hygroscopicgrowth factor, f(RH), was calculated as the ratio of wet and dry aerosolscattering coefficients. Measurements of size-resolved chemical composition,relative humidity (RH), and published functional relationships between particlechemical composition and water uptake were likewise used to find the aerosolscattering coefficients in wet and dry conditions using Mie theory forinternally- or externally-mixed particle species [(NH₄)₂SO₄, NH₄NO₃, NaCl, POM, EC and residue]. Closure was obtained by comparingthe measured f(RH) values from the nephelometer and other in situ opticalinstruments with those computed from chemical composition and thermodynamics.Results show that the model can represent the observed f(RH) and isappropriate for use as a component in other higher-order models.     

Effects of Dropsonde Data in Field Campaigns on Forecasts of Tropical Cyclones over the Western North Pacific in 2020 and the Role of CNOP Sensitivity

Valuable dropsonde data were obtained from multiple field campaigns targeting tropical cyclones, namely Higos,Nangka, Saudel, and Atsani, over the western North Pacific by the Hong Kong Observatory and Taiwan Central Weather Bureau in 2020. The conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation(CNOP) method has been utilized in real-time to identify the sensitive regions for targeting observations adhering to the procedure of real-time field campaigns for the first time. The observing system experiments...     

联合战役地形分析

首次提出联合战役地形分析的概念,并分析了联合战役地形分析应用的主要时机和要求。论述确定地形分析基本任务的逻辑关系,并分别研究了联合战役地形分析各基本内容的概念与分析方法。     

Experiment on Coordinated Observation of Offshore Typhoon in China

The lack of sufficient direct observation data of typhoon fine structure is the main bottleneck that restricts the further development of typhoon discipline and forecasting. This paper briefly introduced the basic information of the National Key R&D Program of China, entitled “Experiment on Coordinated Observation of Offshore Typhoon in China”, which started in early 2019. Firstly, the importance and necessity of the program around the national needs on typhoon-related disaster reduction and prevention were explained. Then, the coordinated observation difficulties and frontiers in the current typhoon discipline situation from the development and improvement of the physical mechanism and key forecasting technologies were shown. The overview of the direct observation instrument and platform, the field campaign and the parameterization techniques related to physical process in typhoon numerical modeling was provided. Finally, the key scientific and technical issues and main research contents of the program were given.     

流动GPS观测资料能否用于地壳垂直形变监测？——以中国大陆为例

长期GPS连续观测可获取高精度的垂直形变速度场,但多期GPS流动观测资料能否用于地壳垂直形变监测尚不明确。本文首先对中国大陆260个陆态网络基准站和2 000个GPS流动站1999~2019年的观测资料进行高精度统一处理,获得各站点的时间序列和速度场,对筛选出的226个基准站和226个流动观测站的垂直形变速度场进行比较分析。结果表明,95%的连续GPS观测站的垂直形变速率误差小于0.5 mm/a,约50%的流动GPS观测站的垂直形变速率误差大于1 mm/a,约40%的流动站与连续站的垂直形变速率残差值大于2 mm/a,且约50%的流动GPS站点的垂直形变趋势与连续站不一致。西部地区的流动GPS观测站的垂直形变监测精度比东部高,这可能与东西部的观测环境和站点稳定性存在差异有关。对GPS连续站和流动站的垂直形变速度场的精度和残差进行分析认为,中国大陆流动GPS观测资料不适用于监测垂直形变小于2 mm/a的地区。     

中国星载降水测量雷达首次校飞试验-雷达性能指标分析

2010年9月-10月成功开展的中国首次Ku/Ka双频星载降水测量雷达校飞试验,获得了宝贵的机载雷达实测数据和地面、海面同步观测数据,以及热带降雨测量卫星所携带降水雷达的同步观测数据。本研究给出了校飞试验中获得的Ku/Ka双频降水测量雷达探测结果;对Ku/Ka频段机载雷达与车载气象雷达数据进行了点对点比较,计算了定量指标,从统计意义上表明观测的一致性;并对比分析了校飞雷达数据与星载降水雷达数据,揭示降水测量雷达仪器的降雨探测能力;利用降雨和晴空海面实测数据给出了Ku/Ka频段雷达探测灵敏度和实际距离分辨率的分析结果,验证了Ku/Ka频段降水测量雷达的性能指标。     

城市气象研究进展

中国数十年来在城市气象研究这一新兴学科领域开展了大量研究并获得了多方面的丰硕成果。文中从城市气象观测网与观测试验、城市气象多尺度模式、城市气象与大气环境相互影响、城市化对天气气候的影响等4个方面论述了城市气象的主要研究进展:中国各大城市已建立或正在完善具有多平台、多变量、多尺度、多重链接、多功能等特点的城市气象综合观测网;北京、南京、上海等地开展了大型城市气象观测科学试验,被世界气象组织列入研究示范项目;成功开展了风洞实验、缩尺度外场实验研究;建立了多尺度城市气象和空气质量预报数值模式,并应用于业务;在城市热岛效应、城市对降水影响、城市气象与城市规划、城市化对区域气候及空气质量的影响、城市气象与大气环境相互作用等研究领域取得长足进展。最后指出,未来需要重点从新观测技术及观测资料同化应用、城市系统模式研究、城市化对天气气候的影响机理、城市化对大气环境和人体健康的影响、城市水文气象气候与环境综合服务等方面开展科学研究与应用,为中国城市化、生态文明建设、防灾减灾和应对气候变化等国家需求提供科技支撑。     

’92中国GPS会战（A级网）数据处理分析

讨论了应用武汉测绘科技大学改进到微机上的ＧＡＭＩＴ软件处理’９２中国ＧＰＳ会战的国内数据以及用ＧＰＳＡＤＪ软件的多站网处理模块进行全网平差的技术方案，着重论述了数据处理所遇到的问题及解决方法，最后分析了成果精度。     

利用数字地球技术打赢未来海上数字化战争

在分析了数字地球的基本概念和有关建立数字地球的关键技术基础上,就我国海军如何利用这一新技术打赢未来海上数字化战争进行了基础性的探讨和研究。