多特征流形鉴别嵌入的高分辨率遥感影像分类

针对高分辨遥感影像同谱异物、同物异谱导致单一特征分类结果精度较差的问题,本文提出了多特征流形鉴别嵌入的高分辨率遥感影像分类方法.该方法首先提取高分辨率影像数据的光谱特征与LBP纹理特征;然后通过样本数据的联合光谱、纹理特征的空间距离及对应的类别信息,构建影像对象的类间图与类内图,用于学习高分辨率影像上的鉴别流形结构,保...     

Boundary settings for the seismic dynamic response analysis of rock masses using the numerical manifold method

Aiming to accurately simulate seismic dynamic response of rock masses using the numerical manifold method (NMM), boundary settings must be treated carefully. In this paper, 4 issues in boundary settings are investigated to improve the performance of NMM: (1) Nonreflecting boundaries including the viscous boundary and viscoelastic boundary are considered; (2) A free‐field boundary is incorporated into NMM to accurately simulate external source wave motion; (3) A seismic input boundary is considered, and the force input method is introduced; and (4) A static‐dynamic unified boundary is incorporated for the convenience of transforming displacement boundary into other types of boundaries, such as nonreflecting boundaries and seismic input boundary. Several benchmark problems are solved to validate the improved NMM. Simulation results agree well with analytical ones, indicating that the improved NMM is able to simulate seismic dynamic response of rock masses reliably and correctly.     

利用偏最小二乘方法修复高光谱影像等距映射降维中遗失点的坐标

将Isomap流形学习方法应用于高光谱影像非线性降维时,在构建最短路径过程中,其边界点往往被忽略而没有低维流形坐标。对此,引入偏最小二乘方法来模拟修复遗失点的流形坐标,并从两个方面进行了综合评价。实验结果表明,模拟流形坐标与实际坐标吻合很好。     

岩石边坡渗流破坏的数值流形方法模拟

通过对岩石边坡中的裂隙水对岩石边坡裂隙作用的力学原理进行分析的基础上,提出了数值流形方法中对裂隙水渗流作用的计算方法,并在原有考虑裂纹扩展的数值流形方法程序中加入了考虑裂隙渗流的子程序.最后利用综合考虑渗流与断裂的数值流形方法程序对含初始裂隙的岩石边坡在渗流作用下的破坏过程进行了模拟.模拟结果再现了原始裂隙在渗流作用下的扩展路径及所形成的切割块体在自重作用下的运动过程,与边坡的实际破坏模式基本一致.     

微分流形及其在测绘科学中的应用初探

本文用通俗的语言介绍了微分流形中几个最基本的概念,并对其在测绘科学中的应用作了初步探讨。     

高阶流形方法模拟裂纹扩展研究

在物理覆盖上采用一阶覆盖函数（即单元上位移函数为二阶）模拟裂纹扩展,并且基于采用的覆盖函数给出了一种裂纹尖端停留在单元内部的算法,从而,可控制每一步裂纹扩展的长度。该方法可弥补物理覆盖上使用常覆盖函数模拟裂纹扩展时无法准确控制扩展长度的不足。     

数值流形方法及在川滇地区地壳运动研究中的应用

The numerical manifold method （NMM） can calculate the movements and deformations of structures or materials. Both the finite element method （FEM） for continua and the discontinuous deformation analysis （DDA） for block systems are special cases of NMM. NMM has separate mathematical covers and physical meshes： the mathematical covers define only fine or rough approximations; as the real material boundary, the physical mesh defines the integration fields. The mathematical covers are triangle units; the physical mesh includes the fault boundaries, joints, blocks and interfaces of different crust zones on the basis of a geological tectonic background. Aiming at the complex problem of continuous and discontinuous deformation across the Chinese continent, the numerical manifold method （NMM） is brought in to study crustal movement of the Stchuan-Yunnan area. Based on the GPS velocity field in the Sichuan-Yunnan area, a crustal strain and stress field is simulated and analyzed. Moreover, results show that the NMM is a more suitable method than DDA in simulating the movement of the Sichuan-Yunnan area. Finally, a kind of mechanism of crustal motion in the Sichuan-Yunnan area is discussed in the paper.     

Breakdown of the slow manifold in the Shallow-Water equations

Abstract

Numerical solutions are obtained by implicit multigrid solvers for initial-value problems in the rotating Shallow-Water Equations (SWE) with spatially complex initial conditions. Companion solutions are also obtained with the Shallow-Water Balance Equations (SWBE), both to determine the initial conditions for the SWE and to provide a comparison solution that lies entirely on the slow, advective manifold. We make use of a control parameter (here the Rossby number, R) to regulate the degree of slowness and balance. While there are measurable discrepancies between the evolving SWE and SWBE solutions for all R, there is a distinct, spatially local breakdown both of the slow manifold in the SWE solution and in the closeness of correspondence between the SWE and SWBE solutions. This critical value for breakdown is only slightly smaller than the R values at which, first, the SWE evolution becomes singular (i.e., the fluid depth vanishes), or second, a consistent initial condition for the SWBE cannot be defined. This breakdown is most clearly evident in a sudden increase in vertical velocity near the center of a strong, cyclonic vortex; its behavior is primarily associated with an enhanced dissipation rather than an initiation of gravity-wave propagation. The numerical performance of the multigrid solvers is satisfactory even in the difficult circumstances near solution breakdown or singularity.     

用流形坐标差异图提取高光谱影像潜在特征

等距映射和局部切空间排列降维后,低维流形坐标能够保留原始高光谱影像中地物光谱信息,用于提取原始影像的潜在特征。然而这两种流形方法的理论差异导致其低维坐标继承光谱信息的能力不同,对比这两种流形坐标可凸显出原始影像内部的潜在特征。因此,本文基于等距映射和局部切空间排列非线性降维,提出两种流形坐标的差异图法来提取高光谱影像内部的潜在特征。首先,根据流形坐标的光谱解释确定两种坐标的每一维代表相同的光谱信息。其次,根据相同的光谱特征,归一化两种流形坐标并调整坐标轴方向,统一两种坐标到相同的坐标框架。最后,通过加权流形图相减得到坐标差异图,采用经典的图像处理方法提取潜在特征。采用两个实验并对比等距映射和局部切空间排列方法的降维结果来验证本文方法。结果表明,流形坐标差异图能够成功提取单一流形结果无法得到的潜在特征,如靠河岸的浅水区域和大场景沼泽地中的低分辨率道路。这为高光谱影像的潜在特征提取研究提供了一种新方法。     

Spinorial Field and Lyra Geometry

The Dirac field is studied in a Lyra space-time background by means of the classical Schwinger Variational Principle. We obtain the equations of motion, establish the conservation laws, and get a scale relation relating the energy-momentum and spin tensors. Such scale relation is an intrinsic property for matter fields in Lyra background.