Plasma instability at the inner edge of the accretion disk— II

A two-dimensional instability analysis for a magneto-keplerian disk flow around a compact object is presented here. Using the eigenvalue technique, linearly coupled perturbed equations have been numerically solved within the local approximation. It is concluded that Kelvin-Helmholtz, magnetosonic (fast and slow) and resistive electromagnetic modes exist. However, only the magnetosonic mode can destabilise the disk structure. Further, we discuss the properties of different modes as a function of disk parameters and plot the eigenmode structures for different physical quantities.     

基于L-M神经网络的陡崖层状危岩失稳模式预测

明确危岩变形失稳模式是预防和治理研究的前提,但如今的传统预测方法存在成本高昂、实用性不强等缺点,尤其是在强烈地震诱发下。本文采用基于Levenberg-Marquardt法的神经网络结构,并借助三维离散元数值模拟手段,综合考虑了陡崖层状危岩的节理倾角、危岩边长、危岩高宽比、危岩堆积层数等影响变形失稳模式因素,以危岩变形失稳模式为研究对象,影响因素为切入点,建立了陡崖层状危岩变形失稳模式预测的神经网络模型。并基于由数值模拟计算得到的危岩变形失稳模式样本训练所建立的神经网络,最后分析了该预测模型的准确性。结果表明：该模型具有较好的学习和泛化能力,预测精度达到86.7%,验证了基于Levenberg-Marquardt法的神经网络预测危岩变形失稳模式的方法是有效且实际可行的。     

高地应力围岩分区碎裂化的时间效应分析和相关参数研究

本文阐述了高地应力围岩分区碎裂化现象的形成需要经过一定的时间,但这段时间不会很长;采用蠕变理论对岩石分区碎裂化的时间效应进行了分析;推导了能够描述加速蠕变阶段的流变模型-改进的西原模型的本构方程和蠕变方程,在此基础上求出了岩石分区碎裂化发生时破裂带半径(破碎带距巷道中心的距离)的公式。     

COMPARISON OF ON-LINE COUPLED AND CONSTANT TRANSFER SIMULATION METHODS FOR DIRECT RADIATIVE FORCING OF ANTHROPOGENIC SULFATE

1 INTRODUCTION Of three main methods for studying the radiative forcing of anthropogenic sulfate and climatic response on the regional scale, the first is, with given rates for transforming SO2 to sulfate, converting actually released SO2 into sulfate and acquiring the distribution of sulfate by computing transfer equations in the climate model.     

基于构造应力场识别震源机制解节面中发震断层面——以盈江地区为例

为了识别震源机制解节面中的实际发震断层面,本研究在反演震源处应力场的基础上,进一步计算震源机制解两个节面的不稳定系数,将其中最不稳定的节面视为实际发震断层面.本研究将上述方法应用于地震资料丰富且中强震发震构造研究较为深入的云南盈江地区,获得以下结论: (1) 2008年3月21日和2011年3月10日地震发震断层为震源机制解中NEE向节面,对应震中附近的大盈江断裂; 2008年8月21日地震的发震断层为震源机制解中NS向节面,对应震中附近近NS向苏典断裂; 2014年5月23日地震断层面识别结果为NEE向节面,其发震断层可能为昔马—盘龙山断裂; 2014年5月30日地震的发震断层为震源机制解中NS向节面,其发震断层可能是与苏典断裂平行的断裂.(2)盈江地区总体断层面识别结果显示盈江地区发震断层走向优势分布为近NS向和NEE向,呈现出共轭断层,研究区最大主压应力方向为NNE向; 断层走向和最大主压应力轴走向关系符合安德森断层理论.(3)本研究表明基于应力场识别震源机制解节面中发震断层面方法物理意义明确,实际应用结果合理可靠.

     

大功率电波加热电离层中热自聚焦不稳定性的理论研究和数值模拟

本文首先从电子密度及电子温度的输运方程和考虑自作用时的电磁波波动方程出发, 利用简正模展开的方法推导出泵波在反射区域激发出热自聚焦不稳定性(thermal self-focusing instabilities, TSFI)所需电场阈值以及其增长率的完整数学表达式, 并估算了TSFI激发阈值及所对应的有效辐射功率(ERP)的量级.随后利用三维垂直加热的理论模型, 结合国际参考电离层(IRI-2012)和中性大气模型(MSIS-E-00)给出的背景参数, 数值模拟了大功率高频泵波加热电离层时泵波反射区域电子密度及电子温度因TSFI而产生的变化及发展的过程, 并对比分析了不同背景参数对较热效果的影响.结果表明:当高频泵波的加热阈值达到或超过百毫伏每米的量级时, 即可激发TSFI, 发展出大尺度电子密度及温度不均匀体, 这些不均匀体内的密度耗空约为4%~10%, 而电子温度剧烈增长, 到达背景温度值的1.6~2.1倍;且在相当的加热条件下, 背景电子温度越低、电子密度越小, 加热效果越显著;电子密度及电子温度的扰动幅度随着加热时间的推移而逐渐减小, 即扰动逐渐趋于饱和, 且电子温度要快于电子密度达到饱和状态.本文还对泵波反射高度处的电子密度及电子温度变化率进行采样并求得其功率谱密度, 分析结果表明:TSFI发展出的大尺度不均匀体满足幂律谱结构, 谱指数随着加热的进行逐渐趋于稳定, 白天与夜间的幂律谱指数区别不大, 但电子密度与电子温度的幂律谱有所区别.     

Intra-seasonal variability of the abyssal currents in COMRA’s contract area in the Clarion-Clipperton Zone

In this paper, the intra-seasonal variability of the abyssal currents in the China Ocean Mineral Resources Association (COMRA) polymetallic nodule contact area, located in the western part of the Clarion and Clipperton Fraction Zone in the tropical East Pacific, is investigated using direct observations from subsurface mooring instruments as well as sea-surface height data and reanalysis products. Mooring observations were conducted from September 13, 2017 to August 15, 2018 in the COMRA contact area (10°N, 154°W). The results were as follows: (1) At depths below 200 m, the kinetic energy of intra-seasonal variability (20?100 d) accounts for more than 40% of the overall low-frequency variability, while the ratio reaches more than 50% below 2 000 m. (2) At depths below 200 m, currents show a synchronous oscillation with a characteristic time scale of 30 d, lasting from October to the following January; the energy of the 30-d oscillation increases with depth until the layer of approximately 4 616 m, and the maximum velocity is approximately 10 cm/s. (3) The 30-d oscillation of deep currents is correlated with the tropical instability waves in the upper ocean.     

长时效的正压原始方程能量完全守恒(拟)谱模式

遵循误差反演补偿新计算原理,对正压原始方程传统气象全球拟谱模式方案进行了改造,构造了正压原始方程能量完全守恒全球拟增模式新计算方案,解决了正压原始方程的(非线性)计算稳定性问题和能量守恒整体性质保持问题,改进了相应正压原始方程传统气象全球拟谱模式方案的计算效能。新方案的数值试验表明:在计算实践上,新方案在解决能量守恒问题的同时,可解决(非线性)计算稳定性问题,并在一定条件下可解决非线性计算收敛性问题。进一步的比较数值试验还表明:在计算实践上,新方案具有在提高相应传统气象方案的计算精度,减少其计算量的同时,延长其计算时效,解决其中一类特定“气候漂移”问题方面的效用。本工作原理也适用于斜压原始方程情形。     

多层电流片中撕裂模不稳定性的数值研究

应用二维磁流体动力学模拟方法数值研究了三层电流片中电阻撕裂模不稳定性的特征及磁场重联过程．结果表明,这是一种复杂的非稳态磁场重联．在初期阶段,三个电流片中分别由撕裂模不稳定性引起磁场重联,形成薄而长的磁岛．随着撕裂模不稳定性的非线性发展,每个磁岛的宽度都逐步增大,以至导致新的磁场重联发生．同时,三个电流片的强度都逐渐减弱,且原中心反向电流区最终消失．部分磁能不断地转化为等离子体的热能和动能,引起等离子体的加热和加速．多层电流片中撕裂模不稳定性引起的自发重联,可能对太阳耀斑、日冕加热、太阳风与磁层耦合等有重要影响．     

Role of barotropic mechanism in the development of a monsoon depression: A MONEX study

The role of barotropic processes in the development of a monsoon depression, formed on 5 July 1979 during MONEX observational period, is studied by considering it as a quasi-geostrophic divergent barotropic instability problem of zonal flow of 3 July 1979 at 700 mb level. Numerical solutions are obtained by initial value approach. The preferred wave has a wavelength of 2750 km, an e-folding time of 4.3 days, a period of 6.5 days and an eastward phase speed of 4.9 ms^–1. Structure of preferred wave is found to be in good agreement with the observed horizontal structure of the depression at 700 mb. Poleward momentum transports are found to predominate over equatorward transports.Parts of this paper were presented at the National Symposium on Early Results of MONEX-1979. 9–12 March 1981, in New Delhi, India.