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机载激光测深精度外部检核方法

给出了单波束测深的原理,分析了单波束观测数据预处理模型,提出了采用单波束测深成果检核机载激光数据质量的技术方法,并以我国自行研制的机载激光测深系统为例,给出了该系统在某海区试验数据的外部检核结果.针对两种测深手段之间明显存在系统性偏差的问题,提出了以单波束测深成果为控制,对机载激光测深数据系统偏差进行校正和补偿的处理方...     

A Comparative Study of Five Reference Materials and the Lombard Meteorite for the Determination of the Platinum‐Group Elements and Gold by LA‐ICP‐MS

A range of independently characterised reference materials (RMs) for LA‐ICP‐MS, used for the determination of the platinum‐group elements (PGE) and Au in a sulfide matrix, were analysed and compared: 8b, PGE‐A, NiS‐3, Po727‐T1, Po724‐T and the Lombard meteorite. The newly developed RM NiS‐3 was used as the RM for the calibration of all LA‐ICP‐MS analyses and the measured concentrations of the other RMs compared against their published concentrations. This data were also used to assess the consistency of concentrations calibrated against the different RMs. It was found that Po727‐T1 and 8b produced results that were comparable, within uncertainty, for all elements. Po727‐T1 also produced consistent results with NiS‐3 for all elements. All other RMs showed differences for some elements, especially Ru in Po724‐T, and Os, Ir and Au in PGE‐A. The homogeneity of the PGE and Au in each RM was assessed, by comparing the precision of multiple LA‐ICP‐MS spot analyses with the average uncertainty of the signal. Po724‐T, Po727‐T1 and the Lombard meteorite were found to be homogeneous for all elements, but 8b, PGE‐A and NiS‐3 were heterogeneous for some elements. This is the first direct comparison between a range of independently characterised PGE and Au LA‐ICP‐MS RMs.     

大兴安岭中段突泉盆地高Mg#火山岩激光全熔~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar测年与地球化学特征

对大兴安岭中段突泉盆地中出露的高Mg#火山岩进行了详细的岩石学、激光全熔40Ar/39Ar测年及地球化学研究,讨论了该组火山岩成因、岩石物质来源及其地质意义.突泉盆地高Mg#火山岩为一套中酸性岩石,化学成分显示其主要为安山岩与英安岩.岩石激光全熔40Ar/39Ar测年结果显示火山岩年龄为136.0±2.0 Ma,形成于早白垩世早期.火山岩地球化学特征总体表现出了埃达克质岩石的地球化学特征:SiO2≥57.50%,A12O3≥16.66%,MgO<3.31%,Mg#>45,贫Y(平均值17.53×10-6),贫Yb(平均值1.84×10-6),高S(r>534×10-6),高Ba(789×10-6⁹25×10-6);Sr/Y=22.71925×10-6);Sr/Y=22.71⁷3.54,Y/Yb=8.9573.54,Y/Yb=8.95¹1.32;REE分异明显,富集LREE,亏损HREE;无明显Eu异常(平均Eu/Eu*=0.94).该套高Mg#火山岩可能是加厚基性下地壳发生部分熔融并与底侵的基性岩浆混合的产物.结合大兴安岭中生代盆岭构造演化的特点,突泉盆地早白垩世高Mg#的埃达克质火山岩形成于蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋(古太平洋)闭合造山阶段碰撞构造背景,岩浆源区性质主要归因于增厚的造山带下地壳部分熔融作用.     

基于神经网络方法获得最优化月球内部结构模型

由于观测手段有限,目前对月球内部结构的认识还存在很大的不确定性,至今仍没有一个被广泛认可的内部结构模型,且现有对月球内部结构模型的研究几乎很少关注观测值对观测精度的影响.本研究采用混合密度神经网络方法得到了月球内部结构模型的后验概率密度分布,获得了平均月球内部结构模型(Mean模型)、最大后验概率对应的月球内部结构模型...     

激光雷达测量技术及其应用研究

对激光雷达测量技术的发展进行了概括 ,介绍了激光雷达测量技术的原理 ,探讨了利用激光雷达进行堆体体积测量的技术和方法 ,在此基础上发展了一个激光雷达测量系统 ,并在实际测量工作中进行了应用。实验表明 ,激光雷达测量技术与传统的测量方法相比 ,在测量精度、自动化程度和测量数据可视化等方面具有明显的优点 ,并且极大地减轻了劳动强度 ,提高了工作效率。     

圆环形钢筋混凝土支撑体系在深基坑支护中的设计与应用

通过对“苏州商品交易市场”深基坑这一成功设计实例的介绍 ,全面阐述了圆形钢筋混凝土支撑体系独特的布置形式、内力的计算模式、方法和结果 ,以及在施工过程中的质量保证措施     

利用3维成像仪快速生成遥感地学编码图像

机载３维成像仪是集成了ＧＰＳ、姿态测量装置、扫描激光测距仪和扫描光谱成像仪的 一代航空遥感系统,它能利用飞行所获取的原始数据直接生成数字正射影像图,而无需任何地面控制点,本文首先简要介绍了机载３维成像仪系统的基本原理,然后在计算出扫描激光要样点３维坐标的基础上,着重分析了快速生成遥感地学编码影像的算法,包括利用激光测路点坐标精确纠正原始图像,图像的灰度快速内插和各航带间的全自动无终拼接等算法,经过试验研究,该方法切实可行,可以满足种种上实时,准实时的遥感应用要求。     

低阶地球引力场长期变化的确定

利用约11年的Lageos人卫激光测距（SLR）资料,反演了地球引力场系数J2和J3变化的时间序列,分析得到每年的2＝(-2.6±0.4)×10-11,3＝(-1.2±0.4)×10-11及18.6年固体潮Love数k2=0.3154±0.0070,相位滞后ε=3.1°±2.0°.由此可以对地幔滞弹和地球各圈层的动力学变化及相互作用提供高精度的天文观测约束。为了提供高精度的J2和J3变化的时间序列,可能的误差源必须考虑,如自转速率变化引起的极潮,引力场系数Jn的低阶和高阶项之间的弱的耦合等。     

Rayleigh Scattering and Laser Spot Elongation Problems at ALFA

This article describes the qualitative effects of LGS spot elongation and Rayleigh scattering on ALFA wavefront sensor images.An analytical model of Rayleigh scattering and a numerical model of laser plume generation at the altitude of the Na-layer were developed. These models, integrated into ageneral AO simulation, provide the sensor sub-apertureimages. It is shown that the centroid measurement accuracyis affected by these phenomena. The simulation was made both for the ALFA system and for the VLT Nasmyth Adaptive Optics System (NAOS).