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71.
首次报道齐依求金矿中微球粒的发现,对微球粒形态特征、表面及断面结构、物理特性、矿物组成、化学成分进行分析测试,并就其成因作了初步探讨,认为属宇宙成因。 相似文献
72.
利用新近获得的子午面磁盔-电流片背景太阳风稳态解,对激波从盔底沿电流片方向往外传播时与磁盔间的相互作用进行了数值模拟研究,重要新结果是:1.磁盔的存在使受扰介质速度跃变中央出现下凹,随着激波传出磁盔区并沿电流片方向传播,速度下凹逐渐减弱以致消失;2.激波将磁盔拉长并把盔顶的环形(垂直赤道面)磁场带到行星际空间,成为行星际磁场南向分量的来源之一;3.5个太阳半径(R⊙)内的磁盔部分将出现精细结构,沿盔外边界形成两条高速带,以及马蹄形密度(亮)环形结构等.这些结果表明,太阳附近高速等离子体与磁盔间存在重要的动力学相互作用过程,对行星际空间的太阳风三维结构有重要影响. 相似文献
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2000年我国主要天气气候特点为:全国大部地区降水偏少或接近常年,出现全国性干旱,特别是北方地区春夏季遭遇多年来罕见的特大干旱,汛期未发生大范围的暴雨洪涝灾害,秋季黄淮以南地区出现持续连阴雨天气,全国大部分气温接近常年成偏高,持续暖冬态势发生转折,夏季高温酷热,春季北方扬沙和沙尘暴天气异常频繁,登陆我国台风个数偏少,风雹等强对流天气明显偏少。 相似文献
76.
Variations in chemical compositions of the eolian dust in Chinese Loess Plateau over the past 2.5 Ma and chemical weathering in the Asian inland 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Major and trace elements as well as strontium isotopic composition have been analyzed on the acid-insoluble (AI) phase of
the loess-paleosol sequence from Luochuan, Shaanxi Province, China. Results show that the chemical composition of AI phase
of loess and paleosols is distinctive to the average composition of upper continental crust (UCC), characterized by depletion
of mobile elements Na, Ca and Sr. The distribution pattern of elements in AI phase reveals that initial dust, derived from
a vast area of Asian inland, has suffered from Na- and Ca-removed chemical weathering compared to UCC. Some geochemical parameters
(such as CIA values, Na/K, Rb/Sr and87Sr/86Sr ratios) display a regular variation and evolution, reflecting that the chemical weathering in the source region of loess
deposits has decreased gradually since 2.5 Ma with the general increase of global ice volume. This coincidence reflects that
the aridity of Asian inland since the Quaternary is a possible regional response to the global climate change. 相似文献
77.
Dirk Goossens 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2001,26(11):1213-1219
This article presents a simple physical concept of aeolian dust accumulation, based on the behaviour of the subprocesses of dust deposition and dust erosion. The concept is tested in an aeolian dust wind tunnel. The agreement between the accumulation curve predicted by the model and the accumulation curve obtained in the experiments is close to perfect and shows that it is necessary to discriminate between the processes of aeolian dust deposition and aeolian dust accumulation. Two important thresholds determine the accumulation process. For wind speeds below the deflation threshold, the aeolian accumulation of dust increases linearly with the wind speed. For wind velocities between the deflation threshold and the accumulation limit, the sedimentation balance is above unity and there is still accumulation, though it rapidly drops once the deflation threshold has been exceeded. At wind speeds beyond the accumulation limit, the sedimentation balance is below unity and there will no longer be an accumulation of dust. The thresholds have been determined in a wind tunnel test at friction velocity u* = 0·34 m s?1 (deflation threshold) and u* = 0·43 m s?1 (accumulation limit), but these values are only indicative since they depend heavily on the characteristics of the accumulation surface and of the airborne grains. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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79.
We present for the first time a statistical study of 50 keV ion events of a magnetospheric origin upstream from Earths bow shock. The statistical analysis of the 50–220 keV ion events observed by the IMP-8 spacecraft shows: (1) a dawn-dusk asymmetry in ion distributions, with most events and lower intensities upstream from the quasi-parallel pre-dawn side (4 LT-6 LT) of the bow shock, (2) highest ion fluxes upstream from the nose/dusk side of the bow shock under an almost radial interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) configuration, and (3) a positive correlation of the ion intensities with the solar wind speed and the index of geomagnetic index Kp, with an average solar wind speed as high as 620 km s–1 and values of the index Kp 2. The statistical results are consistent with (1) preferential leakage of 50 keV magnetospheric ions from the dusk magnetopause, (2) nearly scatter free motion of 50 keV ions within the magnetosheath, and (3) final escape of magnetospheric ions from the quasi-parallel dawn side of the bow shock. An additional statistical analysis of higher energy (290–500 keV) upstream ion events also shows a dawn-dusk asymmetry in the occurrence frequency of these events, with the occurrence frequency ranging between 16%-34% in the upstream region. 相似文献
80.
ABSTRACTRapid economic growth, a high degree of urbanization and the proximity of a large number of desert and semidesert landscapes can have a significant impact on the atmosphere of adjacent territories, leading to high levels of atmospheric pollution. Therefore, identifying possible sources of atmospheric pollution is one of the main tasks. In this study, we carried out an analysis of spatial and temporal characteristics of five main atmospheric pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, and CO) near potential source of natural aerosols, affecting seven cities (Wuhai, Alashan, Wuzhong, Zhongwei, Wuwei, Jinchang, Zhangye), located in immediate proximity to the South Gobi deserts. The results, obtained for the period from 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2018, demonstrate total concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 are 38.2 ± 19.5 and 101 ± 80.7 μg/m3 exceeding the same established by the Chinese National Ambient Air Quality Standard (CNAAQS), being 35 and 70 μg/m3, respectively. Based on the data from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) for the whole period, Clean Сontinental (71.49%) and Mixed (22.29%) types of aerosols prevail in the region. In the spring and winter seasons maximum concentrations of pollutants and high values of Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) in the region atmosphere are observed. PM2.5 and PM10 ratio shows the presence of coarse aerosols in the total content with value 0.43. The highest concentrations of pollutants were in the period of dust storms activity, when PM2.5 and PM10 content exceeded 200 and 1000 µg/m3, and AOD value exceeded 1. UV Aerosol Index (UVAI), Aerosol Absorbing Optical Depth (AAOD), and Single Scattering Albedo (SSA), obtained from Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI), demonstrate the high content of dust aerosols in the period of sandstorms. Analysis of backward trajectories shows that dust air masses moved from North to Northwest China, affecting large deserts such as Taklamakan, Gurbantunggut, Badain Jaran, Tengger, and Ulan Buh deserts. 相似文献