A determination of source properties of large intraplate earthquakes in Alaska

Historically, large and potentially hazardous earthquakes have occurred within the interior of Alaska. However, most have not been adequately studied using modern methods of waveform modeling. The 22 July 1937, 16 October 1947, and 7 April 1958 earthquakes are three of the largest events known to have occurred within central Alaska (M _s =7.3,M _s =7.2 andM _s =7.3, respectively). We analyzed teleseismic body waves to gain information about the focal parameters of these events. In order to deconvolve the source time functions from teleseismic records, we first attempted to improve upon the published focal mechanisms for each event. Synthetic seismograms were computed for different source parameters, using the reflectivity method. A search was completed which compared the hand-digitized data with a suite of synthetic traces covering the complete parameter space of strike, dip, and slip direction. In this way, the focal mechanism showing the maximum correlation between the observed and calculated traces was found. Source time functions, i.e., the moment release as a function of time, were then deconvolved from teleseismic records for the three historical earthquakes, using the focal mechanisms which best fit the data. From these deconvolutions, we also recovered the depth of the events and their seismic moments. The earthquakes were all found to have a shallow foci, with depths of less than 10 km.The 1937 earthquake occurred within a northeast-southwest band of seismicity termed the Salcha seismic zone (SSZ). We confirm the previously published focal mechanism, indicating strike-slip faulting, with one focal plane parallel to the SSZ which was interpreted as the fault plane. Assuming a unilateral fault model and a reasonable rupture velocity of between 2 and 3 km/s, the 21 second rupture duration for this event indicates that all of the 65 km long SSZ may have ruptured during this event. The 1947 event, located to the south of the northwest-southeast trending Fairbanks seismic zone, was found to have a duration of about 11 seconds, thus indicating a rupture length of up to 30 km. The rupture duration of the 1958 earthquake, which occurred near the town of Huslia, approximately 400 km ENE of Fairbanks, was found to be about 9 seconds. This gives a rupture length consistent with the observed damage, an area of 16 km by 64 km.     

多面函数拟合在地壳水平运动研究中的应用

多面函数拟合法已被应用于地壳垂直形变模型的分析中。本文利用这一曲面拟合理论研究了地壳水平形变模型，详细推导了相应的公式，为本方法的进一步研究与应用提供了几点启示     

Harmonic wave propagation through viscoelastic heterogeneous media exhibiting mild stochasticity - I. Fundamental solutions

This work examines the propagation of time harmonic, horizontally polarized shear waves through a naturally occurring heterogeneous medium that exhibits viscous behaviour as well as random fluctuations of its elastic modulus about a mean value. As a first step, the governing equation, which is a heterogeneous Helmholtz equation, is solved using algebraic transformations and the relevant Green's function is obtained for two sets of boundary conditions, one corresponding to a finite depth layer and the other to an infinite layer. Viscous material behaviour is introduced by considering the depth-dependent elastic modulus to be a complex quantity. Subsequently, material stochasticity in the medium is handled through the perturbation approach by assuming that the elastic modulus has a small random fluctuation about its mean value. The final results are closed-form expressions for the mean value and covariance matrix of both the wave speed profile in the medium and the corresponding Green's function. In Part II, (Soil Dynam. Earth. Engng, 1996,15, 129-39), two examples concerning seismic wave propagation in soft topsoil and in sandstone serve to illustrate the methodology and comparisons are made with Monte Carlo simulations.     

A NEW QUANTITATIVE WAY FOR DETERMINING LEAF AREA INDEXAND NET PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY IN REGIONAL SCALE

IntroductionThemaJorpurposeforremotesensingistoobtuinqUantitativevaluabledrirmationonvanousaPplicahons.PanicularlybiophysicalparametersinwionalandglobalscaleareofintereSttoanumberofdomams.ForinStancem,croPyteldestiInatinleafareaindex,chiorophyllcontentandheightofcroparecruaalindex.EvaPotranSirationinroponalscalenedstogctdistnbtaloninformationofcrophdghttoinferrowiessOfsuffoceandsoon.AsthoopthenormaldifferenceVegetaonindex(NDVI)hasbecameaverypoPularmethodtoeinmateLAI,therelationshipbet…     

专题制图中多因素数据的Fuxxy-Grey局势决策综合分类

专题制图中，所收集到的数据经常是单因素的，而在专题地图上却往往需要把多个单因素专题数据进行综合分类来表示。本文中，采用Fuzzy-Grey局势决策（下简称F-G决策）来研究多因素专题数据的综合分类问题，把“数据的模糊性”引入到灰色局势决策之中，根据不同情况，讨论各局势上效果测度中模糊隶属度确定的建模方法，在合适的隶属函数的基础上，在计算机上对实例分类进行程序运行，获得满意的结果。研究表明应用该方法在专题制图中对多因素数据进行综合分类是一种有效的手段。     

面状规则图案的构造原理及机助实现

本文在分析规则面状图案构造原理的基础上提出了一系列构造函数,此构造函数为计算机辅助设计规则面状图案提供了理论依据,易于实现。并论述了在微机上实现此思想的技术关键。     

Contamination of a well in a uniform background flow

In this paper we describe the transport of pollution in groundwater in the neighbourhood of a well in a uniform background flow. We compute the rate at which contaminated particles reach the well as a function of the place of the source of pollution. The motion of a particle in a dispersive flow is seen as a random walk process. The Fokker-Planck equation for the random motion of a particle is transformed using the complex potential for the advective flow field. The resulting equation is solved asymptotically after a stretching transformation. Finally, the analytical solution is compared with results from Monte Carlo simulations with the random walk model. The method can be extended to arbitrary flow fields. Then by a numerical coordinate transformation the analytical results can still be employed.     

重、磁数据处理和图象显示FORTRAN程序库

重、磁常规数据处理在地质上得到广泛应用,我们建立了一个标准的常规数据处理工具库:HKl.LIB,同时,在库中加入图形函数,使得能够使用FOR-TRAN语言编制绘图软件。     

公主岭市西部水源地地下水系统初步研究

本文以公主岭市西部水源地为例,以地下水系统的观点,对该区进行了全面的系统化、模型化和最优化,建立了地下水系统的预报模型和管理模型,推求了各系统的资源量及水位、水质分布规律,最后得出了该区地下水最佳开采量和取水工程方案。