P16INK4A联合HPV L1壳蛋白检测在宫颈鳞状上皮内病变诊断中的应用

目的 初步探讨P16^INK4A联合HPV L1壳蛋白检测在宫颈鳞状上皮内病变诊断中的应用价值。方法 选择在温州市人民医院就诊患者,收集69例宫颈鳞状上皮内病变标本,行P16^INK4A、HPV L1壳蛋白检测,分析P16^INK4A、HPV L1壳蛋白及P16^INK4A联合HPV L1壳蛋白在各级宫颈病变中的表达差异。结果 P16^INK4A在LSIL组、HSIL组、SCC组中的阳性率分别为45.5%、85.2%、100.0%。同LSIL组比较,P16^INK4A在HSIL组及SCC组阳性率明显升高（P<0.01）。HPV L1壳蛋白在LSIL组、HSIL组、SCC组中的阳性率分别为63.6%、18.5%、0%,HPV L1壳蛋白在LSIL组中阳性率明显低于HSIL组及SCC组（P<0.01）。随着宫颈病变加重,P16+/L1-阳性率有升高趋势（P<0.01）,P16-/L1+阳性率有下降趋势（P<0.01）。LSIL组中P16+/L1-阳性率明显低于HSIL组和SCC组（P<0.01）,SCC组P16+/L1-阳性率较HSIL组有明显提高（P<0.05）。LSIL组中P16-/L1+阳性率明显低于HSIL组和SCC组（P<0.01）。P16+/L1-较P16^INK4、HPV L1壳蛋白单一检测筛查HSIL+特异性明显升高（P<0.01）。结论 P16^INK4A联合HPV L1壳蛋白有望成为诊断宫颈鳞状上皮内病变的有效指标。     

人类活动对公元1194年以来黄河河口延伸速率的影响

以近 50年来的观测资料和公元 1 1 94年以来苏北废黄河和现代黄河的历史文献资料为基础,在宏观时间尺度上 (1 0 2 ～ 1 0 3年 )研究了人类活动对黄河口延伸速率的影响。结果表明,废黄河口的延伸可以分为两个阶段,1 1 94～ 1 578年为第一阶段,河口延伸速率较慢 ;1 579～ 1 855年为第二阶段,河口延伸速率大大加快。 1 855年以来现代黄河河口延伸速率的变化曲线可以分为 3个阶段,分别用 3条斜率不同的直线来拟合。 3条直线之间的两个转折点可以代表人类活动的方式和强度发生改变的临界点。由此建立了人类活动影响下现代黄河三角洲河口延伸过程的三阶段模式。     

A historical perspective of the morphological evolution in the lower Ebro river

 The morphological evolution, hydrodynamics and sediment dynamics of the lower Ebro are studied from historical and current data in order to determine the main changes that have governed the evolution of the Ebro channel near the river mouth during the last few centuries. The evolution of the mouth of this river during the last 2000-years, from an estuary to a delta, is interpreted as a process that has been accelerated by human land management. However, an inverse trend has been observed during recent decades: (1) the river mouth has been affected by erosion due to a drastic decrease in the river sediment discharge, and (2) the lower Ebro tends to evolve towards a quasi-permanent salt-wedge estuary as a consequence of the decrease in the river water discharge. Freshwater and sediment discharge decreases are mainly related to intense river water management during this century. The salt wedge favours erosion in the river banks, widening the river channel and causing an aggradational trend in the lower Ebro. Accretion-erosion rates and the sediment budget in the river mouth are estimated for different conditions. Received: 13 November 1995 · Accepted: 17 June 1996     

河洛地区地理环境的人文意义

在野外实地考察和大量文献资料分析研究的基础上,运用人地相关的思想,对河洛地区这个独特的地理单元的自然条件和人文要素如政治、经济、文化和军事之间的相互关系进行了探讨。     

人类生态学辨析

在生态学与其它地球科学相汇合的领域里,人类生态学是有很强生命力和发展潜势的新兴学科,代表了现代生态学的一个重要研究方向。本文辨析了人类生态学的历史演变、哲学思想和科学功能,提出了一个发展人类生态学的学科框架。     

An approximation of the sediment budget of the lower mississippi river prior to major human modification

A sediment budget is constructed for the Lower Mississippi River prior to the introduction of most human modifications. Components of the budget are derived from historical data including Mississippi River Commission hydrographic survey maps for the period from 1877 to 1924. A quantitative estimate of major sediment sources, sinks and storage locations in the Lower Mississippi Valley suggest that the most important sediment source was from bank caving and that at least 50 per cent more sediment was deposited in short-term channel storage than in longer-term overbank storage. The budget indicates that the proportion of sediment transported as bedload was significantly greater than previously estimated. The magnitude and variability of these sediment budget components are discussed. The results of the study suggest that prior to modifications the river was aggrading over much of its length.     

THE ADVERSE IMPACT OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES ON FLOOD CONTROL IN THE HUAIHE BASIN

LIN~DUCnONTheHuaiheBasinislOCatedbetWeen31"-36"llorthemlahtudeand112"-121"easternlongitude,andcoversatotalareaofabout269,000sq.kin,OfwhichthemountainousandhillyareasocCUPyl/3,theplainsandlow-iringland2/3.ThebasinelicitSsalientphysicalgeographicalfeatllTesasfollowsf(l)Thereisnoobviousmountaindividebe~ntheWatershedoftheriVerandtheYellowforerBasinaswellastheYangtZeRadBasin.MostofthetributariesinthenoalbudoftheHuaiheforertakethesouthdikesOftheYellowherasthedivide.(2)TheriVerbedofthetr…     

Proximity,subjectivity, and space: Rethinking distance in human geography

This paper critically reviews the current status of the concept of distance in human geography in order to argue that recent experimentally-driven work in construal-level theory offers ample opportunities for recasting distance as a key geographical trope. After analysing the four entangled dimensions of distance revealed by construal-level theory (spatial distance; temporal distance; social distance; and hypothetical distance), the paper articulates this research program from experimental psychology with geographical work on non-representational theory, geographical imaginations/imaginative geographies, learning as a geographical process, TimeSpace theorising, and ontogenetic understandings of space. It is argued that the subjective understanding of distance afforded by construal-level theory can rescue distance from its entrenched association with positivistic geography and spatial analysis.     

A regulation-based classification system for Marine Protected Areas (MPAs)

Marine protected areas (MPAs) are a global conservation and management tool to enhance the resilience of linked social-ecological systems with the aim of conserving biodiversity and providing ecosystem services for sustainable use. However, MPAs implemented worldwide include a large variety of zoning and management schemes from single to multiple-zoning and from no-take to multiple-use areas. The current IUCN categorisation of MPAs is based on management objectives which many times have a significant mismatch to regulations causing a strong uncertainty when evaluating global MPAs effectiveness. A novel global classification system for MPAs based on regulations of uses as an alternative or complementing the current IUCN system of categories is presented. Scores for uses weighted by their potential impact on biodiversity were built. Each zone within a MPA was scored and an MPA index integrates the zone scores. This system classifies MPAs as well as each MPA zone individually, is globally applicable and unambiguously discriminates the impacts of uses.     

Latent spatio-temporal activity structures: a new approach to inferring intra-urban functional regions via social media check-in data

Abstract

This article introduces a novel low rank approximation (LRA)-based model to detect the functional regions with the data from about 15 million social media check-in records during a year-long period in Shanghai, China. We identified a series of latent structures, named latent spatio-temporal activity structures. While interpreting these structures, we can obtain a series of underlying associations between the spatial and temporal activity patterns. Moreover, we can not only reproduce the observed data with a lower dimensional representative, but also project spatio-temporal activity patterns in the same coordinate system. With the K-means clustering algorithm, five significant types of clusters that are directly annotated with a combination of temporal activities can be obtained, providing a clear picture of the correlation between the groups of regions and different activities at different times during a day. Besides the commercial and transportation dominant areas, we also detected two kinds of residential areas, the developed residential areas and the developing residential areas. We further interpret the spatial distribution of these clusters using urban form analytics. The results are highly consistent with the government planning in the same periods, indicating that our model is applicable to infer the functional regions from social media check-in data and can benefit a wide range of fields, such as urban planning, public services, and location-based recommender systems.