丰宁变质磷矿深成变质作用及其成矿问题

丰宁变质磷矿产于华北地台北部基底变质岩系之中。含磷灰石的角闪岩类似层状矿层已被卷入基底塑性褶皱之内,并且经历了角闪岩相至角闪石麻粒岩亚相变质作用和混合岩化(局部熔融)作用。从其角闪岩类岩石含V、Ti、P、Fe元素推测磷质矿源是与基底基性岩浆岩经变质成因有关。     

颗粒接触概率在划分矿物共生组合中的应用—以冀东太平寨紫苏花岗岩为例

颗粒接触概率研究的基本方法是在一个岩石薄片切面上，沿着某一条线统计一个 晶体或矿物种与另一个晶体或矿物种的接触顺序，然后把每一类型的接触数目用“接触概率矩 阵”表示，并与“随机接触概率矩阵”加以比较，从而验证一个矿物的位置是否或在多大程度上 依赖于另一个矿物的位置。一般说来，同种矿物或同世代矿物有相互接触的趋势，因而颗粒接 触概率的研究能够用来划分矿物共生组合。冀东太平寨地区紫苏花岗岩的颗粒接触概率研究结 果表明，其主要矿物相是由两个不同世代矿物所组成。该研究结果与镜下岩相研究结论一致。     

三维趋势分析的图形显示

三维趋势分析是地质学中一种有用的数学工具,但是空间分布的计算结果造成了分析上的困难。三维趋势分析的图形显示则弥补了这一方面的不足。本文提出了三维图形显示的原理和方法,并用 FORTRAN 语言编制了图形显示的程序。所得的图形具有充分的立体感。用户可由各种不同的角度显示结果,并可通过切片方法看到地质体内部的函数值变化。     

二元系相图中的数学方法

本文介绍绘制二元系各类相图的数学方法。它是把确定相图中分溶曲线的问题,转化为通过确定平面动力系统来确定初值的一条轨线的问题。这样,可以用计算机来绘制二元系的相图。同时也为从相图来研究二端元的活度和活度系数提供了一个新的途径。     

全球岛弧玄武岩数据挖掘——在玄武岩判别图上的表现及初步解释

MORB(洋中脊玄武岩)、OIB(洋岛玄武岩)和IAB(岛弧玄武岩)是学术界最关心的3种玄武岩类型,其中尤以与板块消减作用有关的岛弧岩浆活动备受关注。岛弧可分为洋内岛弧和大陆边缘岛弧(活动陆缘弧)2类。对IAB进行讨论,重点探讨IAB的识别。IAT(岛弧拉斑玄武岩)和IAB是前弧、岛弧和后弧岩浆作用的产物,其中,后弧组分更具多样性,它不同于弧后玄武岩,前者属于弧的范围,而后者形成的动力学过程与俯冲系统有关,但其是独立的构造单元,尽管其岩浆作用可能仍受到俯冲流体的影响。前人对IAB进行了大量研究,提出了多种构造环境判别图解,并得到广泛应用。尝试应用全球玄武岩数据来验证上述判别图的可信度,研究发现,可信度高的判别图不多,且大多与Th、Ta(Nb)和Ti元素有关的,如Hf-Th-Ta(Nb)、TiZr-Sr和Th/Yb-Ta/Yb图,其余判别图的判别效果可信度低且具多解性,建议谨慎使用。IAB与MORB和OIB的区别主要体现在Nb-Ta亏损的特征上,是否受到俯冲流体的影响是区分IAB与MORB和OIB最重要的标志。     

Location-based anonymization: comparison and evaluation of the Voronoi-based aggregation system

Hospitals and health care organizations collect large amounts of detailed health care data that is in high demand by researchers. Thus, the possessors of such data are in need of methods that allow for this data to be released without compromising the confidentiality of the individuals to whom it pertains. As the geographic aspect of this data is becoming increasingly relevant for research being conducted, it is important for an anonymization process to pay due attention to the geographic attributes of such data. In this paper, a novel system for health care data anonymization is presented. At the core of the system is the aggregation of an initial regionalization guided by the use of a Voronoi diagram. We conduct a comparison with another location-based system of anonymization, GeoLeader. We show that our system is capable of producing results of a comparable quality with a much faster running time.     

Exploring the causes of an extreme flood event in Central New York,USA

This study examined the causes of an extreme flood event on 28 June 2013 in Central New York, USA by comparing its hydrological, hydrometeorological, and rainfall-runoff transformation characteristics with those of a typical flood event. Flood frequency analyses showed that the maximum rainfall intensity and the peak discharge of the extreme event had recurrence intervals (RIs) of 8 and 86 years, respectively, while RIs for the typical event were 42 and 11 years, respectively. Their severity diagrams and quantification of their rainfall spatial variations illustrated that the extreme event was spatially localized with high intensities, whereas the typical event was spatially uniform and prolonged. Watershed modeling indicated that the rainfall-runoff transformation was dominated by the infiltration excess process for the extreme flood, while controlled by both infiltration and saturation excess processes for the typical event. These analyses revealed that the upgrade-magnitude conversion pattern of the extreme flood event was induced by the spatial pattern of the rainfall and the “lubricant” effect of the watershed, and emphasized the need for better understanding of such type of extreme events.     

On Earthquake Predictability Measurement: Information Score and Error Diagram

We discuss two methods for measuring the effectiveness of earthquake prediction algorithms: The information score based on the likelihood ratio and error diagrams. For both of these methods, closed form expressions are obtained for the renewal process based on the gamma and lognormal distributions. The error diagram is more informative than the likelihood ratio and uniquely specifies the information score. We derive an expression connecting the information score and error diagrams. We then obtain the estimate of the region bounds in the error diagram for any value of the information score. We discuss how these preliminary results can be extended for more realistic models of earthquake occurrence.     

基于二十面体剖分格网的球面实体表达与Voronoi图生成

在分析当前球面空间数据结构的基础上，讨论了利用Snyder等积投影在二十面体上建立球面空间基础剖分方式的思路，然后在初始投影面上采用六边形格网进行层次细分，获得多分辨率的全球铺盖。提出了基于六边形格网的三叶节点管理与瓦片编码的基本思路，确立了球面不同实体的六边形格网表达模式。在此基础上，提出了基于球面六边形铺盖的Voronoi图生成算法，实验验证了算法的正确性与效率。