重力数据三维共轭梯度聚焦反演及应用

基于共轭梯度算法对欠定线性目标函数进行求解。 为改善目标函数的多解性、 消除多余构造信息影响, 引入粗糙度系数矩阵; 为克服“趋肤效应”, 更好地反映地质体的真实形态, 在模型目标函数中引入深度加权函数; 为更好的反映地质体的某些尖锐构造和边界, 本文对目标函数添加了基于最小支撑泛函的聚焦反演约束。 通过对多种模型的计算, 验证了该方法具有较好的有效性和稳定性, 并将该方法应用于实际重力资料地下密度反演中去, 得到了较好的反演结果。     

Numerical investigation of secondary load cycle and ringing response of a vertical cylinder

A numerical wave tank is established based on two-phase FVM model and VOF method and verified with the physical experiment in Grue et al. (1994). Focusing waves with different wave steepness passing a vertical cylinder are investigated by Numerical simulations. The phenomenon called ‘secondary load cycle’ which may lead to ringing response, is observed and discussed. The presence of secondary load cycle could be related to Froude Number (Fr). The possible transition region of the present and absent secondary load cycle is Fr = 0.4. Sub and super harmonic wave components appear in the propagation of waves, second-order wave theory could give a good prediction. Morison equation with linear wave theory could predict well the wave forces of vertical cylinder with small steepness without the secondary load cycle, but cannot capture the crests/troughs of the wave forces with the secondary load cycle. Crest improvements are achieved by second-order wave theory. A spectral analysis based on wavelet transform is applied to wave loads. The frequency of the secondary load may be up to 13 times the wave frequency, which may cause the ringing response expanding to a higher frequency range. Strong ringing response occurs in steep wave, it could be extended up to 15 times wave trough-to-trough frequency due to the secondary load cycle. The damping has slightly influence on the peak of resonance response, but it will lead to faster decay of subsequent response, if the damping ratio is large.     

Probabilistic Data Association Method for Space Object Tracking

In the optical observation of space objects, multiple measurements often occur in the tracking gate, which brings about the uncertainty of tracking measurement and the reduction of tracking accuracy, causes the instability along the tracking path, and eventually leads to the interruption of tracking and the loss of the target. A new approach, combining the Kalman filter and probabilistic data association, is proposed in this paper for the adaptive tracking of space objects. In this method, the gate of association is predicted by the Kalman filter, while the equivalent measurement obtained from the probabilistic data association is adopted as an effective feed. The experiments show that this technique can effectively improve the tracking accuracy as well as the robustness for the automatic tracking of space objects.     

Reliability Analysis of Main-axis Control System of the Antarctic Equatorial Astronomical Telescope Based on Fault Tree

The Antarctic astronomical telescopes work chronically on the top of the unattended South Pole, and they have only one chance to maintain every year. Due to the complexity of the optical, mechanical, and electrical systems, the telescopes are hard to be maintained and need versatile expedition teams, which means that an excessive awareness is essential for the reliability of the Antarctic telescopes. Based on the fault mechanism and fault mode of the main-axis control system for the Antarctic equatorial astronomical telescope AST3-3 (Antarctic Schmidt Telescope 3-3), the method of fault tree analysis is introduced in this article, and we obtain the importance degree of the top event from the importance degree of the bottom event structure. From the above result, the hidden problems and weak links of the system can be effectively found out, which will indicate the direction for improving the stability of the system and optimizing the design of the system.     

Development of the HEFT and NuSTAR focusing telescopes

Hard X-ray/soft gamma-ray astrophysics is on the verge of a major advance with the practical realization of technologies capable of efficiently focusing X-rays above 10 keV. Hard X-ray focusing telescopes can achieve orders of magnitude improvements in sensitivity compared to the instruments based on coded apertures and collimated detectors that have traditionally been employed in this energy band. Compact focal planes enable high-performance detectors with good spectral resolution to be employed in efficient, low-background configurations. We have developed multilayer coated grazing incidence optics and solid state Cadmium Zinc Telluride focal plane systems for the High Energy Focusing Telescope (HEFT) balloon-borne experiment, and for the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) Small Explorer satellite. In this paper we describe the technologies, telescope designs, and performance of both experiments.     

Algorithm Design and Test of the Solar Guide Telescope

The Solar Guide Telescope (SGT), an important solar attitude sensor of the SST (Space Solar Telescope, a space solar observing instrument being developed in China), can accurately produce pointing error signals of the SST for attitude control at high speed. We analyze in detail the error algorithm of the heliocentric coordinates and the edge judging of solar images. The measuring accuracy of ±0.5 arcsec of the SGT is verified by experiments on the tracking of the Sun and by testing a sun simulator. Some factors causing the pointing errors are examined.     

High level interfaces to the Robonet‐1.0 Homogeneous Telescope Network

We describe the current high level interfaces used for communicating with the Robonet‐1.0 Homogeneous Telescope Network. This is a network of three telescopes, the Liverpool Telescope and the Faulkes Telescopes (North and South). We describe our use of RTML and web‐services to enable control of the network by intelligent agents. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)