Magnetic interactions during sympathetic solar eruptions

We present the first evidence for occurrences of magnetic interactions between a jet, a filament and coronal loops during a complex event, in which two flares sequen-tially occurred at different positions of the same active region and were closely associated with two successive coronal mass ejections (CMEs), respectively. The coronal loops were located outside but nearby the filament channel before the flares. The jet, originating from the first flare during its rise phase, not only hit the filament body but also met one of the ends of the loops. The filament then underwent an inclined eruption followed by the second flare and met the same loop end once more. Both the jet and the filament erup- tion were accompanied by the development of loop disturbances and the appearances of brightenings around the meeting site. In particular, the erupting filament showed clear manifestations of interactions with the loops. After a short holdup, only its portion passed through this site, while the other portion remained at the same place. Following the fila-ment eruption and the loop disappearance, four dimmings were formed and located near their four ends. This is a situation that we define as "quadrupolar dimmings." It appears that the two flares consisted of a sympathetic pair physically linked by the interaction between the jet and the filament, and their sympathy indicated that of the two CMEs.Moreover, it is very likely that the two sympathetic CMEs were simultaneously associ-ated with the disappearing loops and the quadrupole dimmings.     

一次连续性暴雨中双雨带的成因分析

利用NCEP/ NCAR 1 ?×1 ?再分析资料,对2005年6月17—22日发生在长江以南的一次连续性暴雨过程分析发现,在连续性暴雨过程中,长江以南有两支雨带存在,北雨带与冷锋降水以及副热带西风急流右后方的非地转场引起的质量调整有关。南雨带的形成与东、西风急流和南亚高压的共同作用有关：东风急流中心右后部的非地转场可形成反环流,有利于南雨带形成;南亚高压脊线附近以及东风急流的右后方的du/dt<0,可导致雨区附近及南部强的v-vg<0场出现;当西风急流南压,在雨区的北部即西风中心的后部可形成强的v-vg>0,三者共同作用的质量调整使雨区上空出现强辐散场导致暖区强降水出现。分析发现南雨带中层有θe锋区存在,该锋区有利于不稳定能量的释放,使暴雨加强,当南北锋区接近时雨带合并。     

1961—2006年叶尔羌河上游流域冰川融水变化及其对径流的影响

叶尔羌河是塔里木河的主源之一,发源于喀喇昆仑山北坡,冰川融水是其主要补给.以叶尔羌河流域库鲁克栏杆水文站以上流域国家气象台站的月降水与月气温资料、90 m分辨率的数字高程模型(DEM)以及1970年代的冰川分布矢量数据为基础,利用冰川度日因子融水径流模型重建了叶尔羌河上游流域平均冰川物质平衡、冰川融水径流序列,分析了叶尔羌河上游流域冰川融水径流变化的特征、趋势及其对河流径流的影响.结果表明:1961—2006年流域冰川平均年物质平衡为-163.1 mm,累积物质平衡为-7.5 m,平衡线平均海拔为5 395.7 m.1991年之后流域冰川物质平衡呈显著负平衡,平均年物质平衡为-301.2 mm,1991—2006年与1961—1990年相比平衡线平均高度上升了64.2 m.1961—2006年流域年平均冰川融水径流深为807.7 mm,冰川融水对河流径流的补给比重为51.3%;2000年之后冰川融水对河流径流的补给比重增大到63.3%,与多年平均值相比冰川融水对河流径流的贡献在2000年后明显增大.     

寒区破碎岩体隧道冻胀力室内对比试验研究

根据相似理论,以曲墙式、直墙式和圆形衬砌为例,通过模型试验方法研究了寒区破碎岩体隧道在不同约束条件和冻结深度下衬砌所受法向冻胀力(以下简称冻胀力)的量值和分布规律.结果表明:冻结深度越大,冻胀力越大;顶端约束越强,冻胀力越大.对于曲墙式和直墙式衬砌,顶端约束对拱部和仰供处冻胀力影响较大,对边墙处冻胀力影响较小;对于圆形衬砌,顶端约束对整个衬砌所受冻胀力影响程度相差不大;直墙式衬砌受冻胀力的量值最大,圆形衬砌受冻胀力量值最小.对于3种衬砌结构,最大冻胀力均发生在仰供脚处.试验数据与现场测试数据基本吻合,说明试验有较好的准确性.     

Stability analysis of historic underground quarries

This work, carried out at the Department of Civil, Environmental and Territory Engineering and Architecture (DICATeA) of the University of Parma, analyzes the stability conditions of the ancient underground quarries of Viggiù (Varese, Italy). The objective of the study is to verify the actual structural predisposition to instability phenomena of the old Viggiù quarries, within the context of a historical and cultural valorization and recovery of the ancient ornamental stone quarries. These quarries, that are now completely abandoned, could be used as a tourist attraction and/or as a teaching environment. They are a wonderful example of industrial architecture by presenting an audacious composition of filled in trenches and room and pillar techniques. An experimental campaign based on in situ measurements and laboratory measurements has been carried out to characterize the rock mass and to determine rock mass mechanical features. A numerical model of the entire rock mass has been developed in order to analyze the stability of the entire underground openings. A preliminary monitoring phase has been realized, aimed at controlling abandoned rock structure movements at the most significant discontinuities. Some measurements of the vertical stress in the pillars and in the walls have been performed, as well, and used for the model calibration. Once the model has been calibrated, the analysis of the actual stress and deformation conditions has been evaluated, the stability condition of the entire structure computed and a forecasting analysis of any intervention that could be realized to guarantee the underground public access has been performed.     

多环芳烃单体同位素分析进展

多环芳烃(PAHs)单体同位素组成是辨识这类污染物来源,评价其在环境中生物可降解性的重要手段。准确高精度的PAHs单体同位素比值测定有赖于样品预处理方法的改进和相应仪器分析技术的提高。文章综合评述了近年来PAHs单体同位素分析中的预处理方法研究进展,主要包括索氏提取、加速溶剂萃取等提取方法和硅胶、氧化铝柱色谱、固相萃取、凝胶渗透色谱、高效液相色谱、薄层色谱等净化方法;介绍了PAHs单体同位素组成的气相色谱-同位素比值质谱分析方面的研究进展,包括色谱柱头压、进样时间、PTV大体积进样技术等仪器参数的选择和校准同位素内标的选择等数据处理方式。     

On the nature of the purported common proper motion companions to the exoplanet host star 51 Peg

Greaves (2006) proposed that three red, high proper motion stars within 10° of 51 Peg (NLTT 54007, 54064, and 55547) are co‐moving companions to this famous exoplanet host star. While the stars clearly have proper motions similar to 51 Peg, the inferred kinematic parallaxes for these stars produce extremely inconsistent color‐magnitude positions 2 to 4 magnitudes below the main sequence. All three stars are likely to be background stars unrelated to 51 Peg (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Glacier Changes at Svartisen,Northern Norway,during the Last 125 Years:Influence of Climate and Other Factors

The two ice caps of Svartisen,at the latitude of the Arctic Circle in Norway,supply 60 glaciers,ranging in size from >50 to <1 km2.Until the last two decades of the 19th century,the glaciers remained close to their maximum recent(Little Ice Age) size.In response to the prevailing 20th century climate,they have become smaller,but the changes have varied between glaciers.Climatic factors have not been the sole control of the variations.The response times of small,steep glaciers are shorter than those of the l...     

公路地基岩体质量分级研究

进行地基稳定性评价,关键在于查明地基结构形态和计算参数的确定。现有的勘查方法确定了地基的形态;本文从岩体质量分级入手,并提供了丰富的表格,为方便快速地确定各项参数提供了一种思路。